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Wainwright Investment Counsel, LLC
Part 2A of Form ADV
Brochure
March 28, 2025
One Boston Place
201 Washington Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02108
Telephone: 617–531–3100
www.winvcounsel.com
This firm brochure (this “Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and business
practices of Wainwright Investment Counsel, LLC (hereinafter, “Wainwright,” or the “Firm” or
“our” or “us”). If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact
Wainwright at 617-531-3100 or Compliance@winvcounsel.com. The information in this Brochure
has not been approved nor verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) or by any state securities authority. An investment adviser’s registration with the SEC
does not imply a certain level of skill or training. Wainwright’s Chief Compliance Officer is
Margaret L. Leonard.
information about Wainwright
is also available on the SEC’s website at
Additional
https://adviserinfo.sec.gov/firm/summary/108711.
Item 2 – Material Changes
The following information provides clients with a summary of material changes since the previous
annual update of Wainwright’s Form ADV Part 2A (“Brochure”) dated March 28, 2024. This
Brochure describes the current range of services that Wainwright provides to clients and to update
applicable disclosures. Wainwright has no material changes since the last annual update. We have
made other changes, some of which may clarify or enhance existing disclosures, but we do not
consider these other changes to be material.
Wainwright will provide you with a complete and current Brochure as necessary based on changes
or new information, at any time, free of charge, within 30 days upon the request. A copy of
Wainwright’s Brochure may be requested by contacting Compliance@winvcounsel.com, or by
calling Wainwright at 617-531-3100.
information about Wainwright
is also available via
the SEC’s website
Additional
https://adviserinfo.sec.gov/firm/summary/108711. The SEC’s website also provides information
about any persons affiliated with the firm who are registered, or are required to be registered, as
investment adviser representatives. An investment adviser representative’s registration with the
SEC does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 2 – Material Changes .......................................................................................................... ii
Item 3 – Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... iii
Item 4 – Advisory Business ........................................................................................................ 1
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................ 9
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management............................................ 15
Item 7 – Types of Clients .......................................................................................................... 17
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ..................................... 17
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................. 27
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................. 27
Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading .............................................................................................................. 28
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................. 31
Item 13 – Review of Accounts .................................................................................................. 34
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................. 36
Item 15 – Custody .................................................................................................................... 37
Item 16 – Investment Discretion ............................................................................................... 40
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities ............................................................................................ 41
Item 18 – Financial Information ................................................................................................ 42
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Item 4 – Advisory Business
Wainwright is an investment adviser registered with the SEC with its principal place of business
located in Boston, Massachusetts. Wainwright has been providing investment advice since 1999.
The Firm is privately held and majority employee owned and no one member owns or has
contributed more than 25% of the capital of the Firm.
Wainwright provides a broad range of investment advisory and consulting services to its clients.
Below is a summary of the services that Wainwright offers to clients.
Wainwright provides non-discretionary (Advisory Consulting) and discretionary (Discretionary
Management) investment advice to individuals; high net worth individuals; family offices;
endowments; trusts; estates; foundations; corporations and other business entities; pooled
investment vehicles including hedge funds and other investment partnerships; charitable and tax-
exempt institutions; pension, profit-sharing, 401(k) and other plans that are subject to the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”); employee benefit plans; and
state and municipal governmental pension and post-employment benefit plans. Wainwright
additionally provides, or has provided in the past, discretionary and non-discretionary investment
advice and sub-advisory services to foundations, corporations and banks.
Wainwright has clients domiciled both within and outside of the United States.
4.1. Investment Policy Statement Preparation
At the inception of each Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services relationship,
Wainwright will review and discuss each client's prior investment history, as well as other relevant
information, background and circumstances. The results are used to develop a customized
investment policy statement (“IPS”) or investment strategy framework that reflects the client’s
stated investment objective, tolerance for risk, investment time horizon, liquidity needs, tax
considerations, legal and regulatory considerations, and any unique circumstances that may apply
(e.g., investment restrictions). Additionally, any parameters or restrictions for the management of
the account will be established. The IPS or investment strategy framework sets forth criteria for
target asset allocation, selection of managers, securities and investment vehicles as well as the
procedures and timing interval for monitoring investment performance. See also Item 13 – Review
of Accounts.
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4.2. Types of Investments
Wainwright’s investment advice and recommendations are not limited to any specific product or
service offered by a particular company or financial institution and will generally include advice
for the following types of securities and instruments:
• Futures contracts on intangibles
•
•
• Exchange-listed securities
• Securities traded over-the-counter
• Foreign issuers
• Corporate debt securities (other than
•
commercial paper)
• Municipal securities
• Direct obligations of the Government
•
of the United States
Interests in partnerships investing in
real estate and other assets1
Interests in partnerships investing in
private equity1
Interests in partnerships, hedge funds
or hedge funds-of-funds1
Investment company securities
(mutual funds)
• Options contracts on securities
At the client’s request, alternative investments may be recommended, which could include, but not
be limited to: hedge funds and funds-of-funds; private equity funds and funds-of-funds; venture
capital funds and funds-of-funds; private real estate funds and funds-of-funds; or separately
managed accounts.
Investing in securities involves the potential for a risk of loss that clients should be prepared to
bear. Because some types of investments involve certain additional degrees of risk, they will only
be recommended or implemented consistent with the client’s investment objectives, risk tolerance,
liquidity, and other constraints.
Based on client circumstances and preferences, reasonable restrictions or constraints for investing
in certain types of securities, instruments, types of securities or industry sectors may be applied.
These restrictions will be considered when making investment recommendations to the client. Any
investment guidelines or restrictions must be agreed to by the client and Wainwright.
1 Interests in partnerships and separately managed accounts are not eligible investments for accounts over which
Wainwright exercises discretionary trading authority. Discretionary Management Services clients wishing to invest in
those types of investments may do so through a separate and distinct Advisory Consulting Services account.
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4.3. Types of Investment Vehicles
Clients obtain exposure to a particular investment manager through a broad range of investment
vehicles and instruments including, but not limited to, hedge funds and funds-of-funds; private
equity funds and funds-of-funds; venture capital funds and funds-of-funds; private real estate funds
and funds-of-funds; separately managed accounts; and mutual funds or exchange traded funds
(“ETFs”). To the extent that it is consistent with the Advisory Consulting Services client’s IPS or
investment strategy framework, Wainwright may recommend that a client invest in one or more of
the types of securities and investment vehicles listed in Item 4.2.
4.4. Advisory Consulting Services
(“IARs”) will make
Wainwright provides Advisory Consulting Services on a non-discretionary basis whereby the
Investment Adviser Representatives or consultants
investment
recommendations to the client and the client retains the ultimate authority to decide whether to
accept, modify or reject the investment recommendation. A non-discretionary account requires
prior authorization or instruction from the client to effect each transaction. Wainwright typically
plays a key role in communicating the client’s instructions to the relevant custodians, administrators
and managers to communicate the client’s instructions, to arrange, effect or otherwise facilitate the
purchase or sale of the recommended investments, including subscriptions in private funds and the
allocation of separately managed account assets among managers, and to ensure that each client’s
investment decisions are appropriately implemented. WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned
broker-dealer subsidiary, does not serve as an executing broker-dealer.
Wainwright’s Advisory Consulting Services are customized to the requirements of each client, and
the scope and duration of the services provided to a particular client is implemented through a
written Advisory Consulting Services agreement between the client and the Firm. Wainwright and
the client may mutually agree to change the scope of the services at any time. In limited
circumstances, Wainwright may also provide assistance in obtaining valuations with regard to
assets that are not freely transferable and Wainwright fully discloses any such valuations within
the client report containing such valuations.
Advisory Consulting Services clients may provide Wainwright information imposing reasonable
restrictions or constraints such as limitations for investing in certain securities, instruments, types
of securities or industry sectors. These restrictions will be considered when making investment
recommendations to the Advisory Consulting Services client. Any investment guidelines and
restrictions must be agreed to by the client and Wainwright.
Unless by mutual agreement and understanding, an Advisory Consulting Services portfolio will
not be advised for tax risk tolerance considerations.
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4.4.1. Asset Allocation Strategy
Wainwright assists its clients in developing an overall asset allocation strategy that is consistent
with the client’s stated goals and objectives based on the client's particular circumstances. If
appropriate, this asset allocation strategy is incorporated within the client's IPS or investment
strategy framework. The Firm will monitor the asset allocation strategy on an ongoing basis, or as
otherwise specified by the client, and will make periodic recommendations that the assets be
reallocated or rebalanced based on various considerations such as market factors and the client’s
financial circumstances.
4.4.2. Manager Selection and Evaluation
Wainwright identifies and evaluates investment managers whose portfolio management styles are
appropriate for a particular client based on that client’s investment objectives, risk tolerance and
asset allocation strategy. Once the Firm has recommended an investment manager, and the
Advisory Consulting Services client has accepted that recommendation, Wainwright will monitor,
on an ongoing basis, each of those selected investment managers.
If Wainwright determines that a selected manager is not providing sufficient, adequate or
appropriate investment management services to Wainwright’s Advisory Consulting Services client,
Wainwright will recommend that the client consider limiting or terminating the investment
manager’s services. If a manager or investment is terminated, Wainwright may recommend
another investment manager using the same manager selection and evaluation process as outlined
above or Wainwright may recommend that no replacement manager be added to the portfolio.
Advisory Consulting Services clients are responsible for making the ultimate decision whether to
select, hire or terminate a particular manager or to invest in a particular investment recommended
by Wainwright. For a full description of the services offered by a particular manager and full and
fair disclosures of the recommended manager’s conflicts of interest, clients should refer to each
recommended manager’s Form ADV, due diligence questionnaire, prospectus or offering
documents2, as applicable.
Wainwright’s Research and Due Diligence Committee (“RDC”) has overall responsibility for
coordinating and centralizing the initial and ongoing manager due diligence and research activities
related to Wainwright’s Advisory Consulting Services.
Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund client to invest in any
fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (see Item 4.8) or any fund with which it,
or WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a solicitation or private
placement arrangement.
2 Offering documents include, but are not limited to, a prospectus or confidential private placement offering
memorandum, subscription agreement, limited partnership or shareholder agreement (collectively, “offering
documents”).
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4.5. Discretionary Management Services
In a Discretionary Management Services arrangement, Wainwright will have investment discretion
over the purchase and sale of securities and other instruments in the client’s Discretionary
Management Services account. For each Discretionary Management Services account Wainwright
will determine which securities to buy or sell3, the number of shares to be bought or sold, and the
timing of the transaction. Each Discretionary Management Services client agrees to grant
Wainwright discretionary trading authority by way of its written Discretionary Management
Services agreement which includes, but is not limited to, a description of the terms of Wainwright’s
Discretionary Management Services, a description of Wainwright’s compensation for those
services and important disclosures.
While a Discretionary Management Services client will have the ultimate authority to select an
executing broker-dealer for their respective account, Wainwright is available to provide guidance
or recommendations regarding the selection of an executing broker-dealer. WFS, LLC,
Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, does not serve as an executing broker-
dealer.
Funds to which Wainwright provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services and funds for which
Wainwright or WFS, LLC receive compensation are not eligible investments for accounts over
which Wainwright exercises discretionary trading authority. Discretionary Management Services
clients wishing to invest in those funds may do so through a separate and distinct Advisory
Consulting Services account.
Private funds and investments that require a subscription agreement 4and separately managed
accounts are not eligible investments for accounts over which Wainwright exercises discretionary
trading authority. Discretionary Management Services clients wishing to invest in those funds or
strategies may do so through a separate and distinct Advisory Consulting Services account.
Unless by mutual agreement and understanding, a Discretionary Management Services portfolio
will not be managed for tax risk tolerance considerations.
3 The buying or selling activity could include the purchase or sale of a listed option and the initiation of (or the covering
of) a short sale.
4 Private funds include, but are not limited to, hedge funds and funds-of-funds, private equity funds and funds-of-funds,
venture capital funds and funds-of-funds, private real estate funds and funds-of-funds.
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4.6. Co-advisory Discretionary and Non-Discretionary Investment Management Services
Where recommended by an unaffiliated, third-party adviser (“Adviser”), Wainwright will act as
co-advisor and provide Discretionary or Non-Discretionary Co-advisory Investment Management
Services for certain of Adviser’s clients as authorized by the Adviser and its clients. Wainwright
and the Adviser have joint responsibility to review the client’s present financial situation and make
a determination of suitable investment strategies and allocations consistent with client’s investment
objectives, needs, circumstances, risk tolerance and financial situation. The Adviser is responsible
for the ongoing monitoring and review of the performance of Wainwright and the accounts and any
related recommendations made by Wainwright. Wainwright is responsible for interacting with the
custodian, where applicable, on all matters related to the account(s), including, but not limited,
client requests for funds transfers, client fee billing, custodian fees and any trade breaks or
adjustments within a client account.
Private funds and investments that require a subscription agreement (e.g., hedge fund, private
equity, real estate, timber, infrastructure or venture capital funds) (collectively, “Pooled Investment
Vehicles”) and separately managed accounts managed by third-party investment managers are not
eligible accounts over which Wainwright exercises discretionary trading authority. Wainwright
may provide individualized non-discretionary advisory services to clients investing in Pooled
Investment Vehicles or separately managed accounts. (See Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other
Compensation).
4.7. Sub-Advisory Investment Management Services
4.7.1. Discretionary Sub-Advisory Investment Management Services
Wainwright has in the past provided, and may provide again in the future, Discretionary Sub-
Advisory Investment Management Services whereby Wainwright has discretionary trading
authority over each of the client Sub-Accounts. Wainwright provides one or more models of
varying investment objectives, needs, circumstances and risk tolerance, each a “Strategy” to the
Discretionary Sub-Advisory Master Account who in turn offers the Strategy to its client Sub-
Accounts based on their investment objectives, needs, circumstances and risk tolerance.
4.7.2. Non-Discretionary Sub-Advisory Investment Management Services
Wainwright has in the past provided, and may provide again in the future, Non-Discretionary Sub-
Advisory Services on a non-discretionary basis whereby Wainwright provides one or more models
of varying investment objectives, needs, circumstances and risk tolerance, each a “Strategy” to the
client who in turn offers the Strategy to its client Sub-Accounts based on their investment
objectives, needs, circumstances and risk tolerance.
4.8. Hedge Fund Advisory Services
Wainwright provides discretionary advice and/or certain other services to a privately offered fund,
as described in further detail below.
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Funds to which Wainwright provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services and funds for which
Wainwright or WFS, LLC receive compensation are not eligible investments for accounts over
which Wainwright exercises discretionary trading authority. Discretionary Management Services
clients wishing to invest in those funds may do so through a separate and distinct Advisory
Consulting Services agreement.
4.8.1. Wainwright Capital Partners, LLC
Wainwright has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Wainwright Capital Partners, LLC (“WCAP”), which
is registered as a Commodity Pool Operator registered with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”) and is a member of the National Futures Association (“NFA”). WCAP is
the general partner of the Wainwright Renaissance Fund 1, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
(the “Wainwright Renaissance Fund”). WCAP is a “related person” of Wainwright due to
Wainwright’s 100% ownership of WCAP.
Eric Bertonazzi, CEO and Chairman of the Board of Managers of Wainwright, is a managing
member, principal and associated person of WCAP and controls its management and operations.
Paul Martins, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Administrative Officer and a member of the Board of
Managers of Wainwright, is a principal of WCAP, and controls the management and operations of
WCAP. Gustavo Aristizabal, President and a member of the Board of Managers of Wainwright, is
Chief Compliance Officer and a principal of WCAP, and controls the management and operations
of WCAP. Stephen Barrett is a member of the Board of Managers of Wainwright and a principal
of WCAP. Additional information about Eric Bertonazzi, Gustavo Aristizabal and Stephen Barrett
can be found in Wainwright’s Form ADV Part 2B Brochure Supplement (the “Brochure
Supplement”). Additional information about Paul Martins is available upon request.
Wainwright serves as the Administrative Manager of the Wainwright Renaissance Fund and is
responsible for providing certain administrative management services to the fund for which
Wainwright is compensated by the Wainwright Renaissance Fund. Additional details about those
services are available upon request.
4.8.1.1. Wainwright Renaissance Fund 1, L.P.
The Wainwright Renaissance Fund invests substantially all of its assets into a single investment:
the Renaissance Institutional Equities Fund LLC Series BB (“RIEF”).
Wainwright is not affiliated with RIEF or any of RIEF’s affiliates. Neither Wainwright nor any of
its affiliates or related persons, have any involvement in the day-to-day management of the
portfolio positions or trading within RIEF. Wainwright serves as the Administrative Manager of
the Wainwright Renaissance Fund. Wainwright receives a fee for the administrative management
services it provides to the Wainwright Renaissance Fund. These services include discretionary
management of the Wainwright Renaissance Fund’s operations, supervising the administrator,
analyzing and reporting the Wainwright Renaissance Fund’s performance to its limited partners,
and performing various administrative and back office services for the Wainwright Renaissance
Fund. Wainwright is not responsible for determining whether an investment in RIEF is appropriate
or continues to be appropriate for the Wainwright Renaissance Fund.
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Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund clients to invest in the
Wainwright Renaissance Fund. Where appropriate and in limited circumstances, Wainwright may
recommend an institutional client consider investing directly into RIEF.
For any clients of Wainwright (or its affiliates) that consider an investment of $5 million or more
into the Wainwright Renaissance Fund there is an actual or potential conflict of interest since that
client may be eligible to invest directly into RIEF (with its lower aggregate fees and shorter, more
favorable, redemption terms) versus making an investment into the Wainwright Renaissance Fund.
Prior to making a $5 million or more investment in the Wainwright Renaissance Fund, Wainwright
reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the subscription terms of a direct investment in RIEF
versus indirectly through the Wainwright Renaissance Fund and provides that evaluation in writing
to the prospective investor.
4.8.1.2. Wainwright Renaissance International Fund, Ltd.
Wainwright Renaissance International Fund, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of
the Cayman Islands, was established to allow non-U.S. investors, as well as U.S. tax-exempt
investors, the opportunity to obtain exposure to Renaissance Institutional Equities Fund
International L.P. The Wainwright Renaissance International Fund, Ltd. is not currently engaged
in any business or investment activities and has been dormant since 2010.
4.9. Asset Allocation Strategies Consulting Services
Wainwright has in the past provided, and may provide again in the future, Asset Allocation Strategy
Consulting Services to the corporate sponsor of a defined contribution plan in an advisory capacity.
Ad-Hoc Management Consulting Services
4.10.
Wainwright provides Ad-Hoc Management Consulting Services in the form of customized projects,
educational workshops and/or materials based on its industry knowledge and/or familiarity with
best practices. Such services are typically limited in nature and based on the communicated needs
of the client.
Assets Under Management and Assets Under Advisement
4.11.
As of December 31, 2024, Wainwright had regulatory assets under management of:
• Advisory Consulting Services (non-discretionary): $5,436,189,000
• Discretionary Management Services: $111,964,000
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Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
Wainwright receives compensation for providing Advisory Consulting and Discretionary
Management Services, including Co-advisory Investment Management Services and Sub-Advisory
Investment Management Services, by charging a fee based on the value of the client’s assets under
management, investment performance, or a combination of both. Wainwright receives
compensation for Ad-Hoc Management Consulting Service arrangements based on the scope and
services to be provided by Wainwright. Fixed fee arrangements may also be available under certain
circumstances such as providing model investment strategy portfolios or in certain Advisory
Consulting or Discretionary Management Service engagements. The specific manner for which
fees are charged by Wainwright is described within each client’s written agreement with
Wainwright. All fees and fee arrangements are subject to negotiation.
5.1. Valuation of Securities
A potential conflict of interest exists when an investment adviser bases its fee calculations on its
own security or portfolio valuations. To mitigate this possibility, market values maintained in
Wainwright’s portfolio accounting system are reconciled to the qualified custodian statements on
at least a monthly basis. Wainwright has adopted policies and procedures which are reasonably
designed to value client securities and assets in a manner that is current, fair, and accurate.
5.1.1. Liquid Securities and Hedge Funds
Unless otherwise disclosed, the value of securities and assets held by clients of Wainwright are
reported to Wainwright by third parties which include, but are not limited to, banks, qualified
custodians and fund administrators. Wainwright deems these sources to be reliable and does not
independently audit or guarantee the accuracy of the data.
5.1.2. Hard to Price Holdings Including Private Equity and Real Estate Holdings
For periods which private equity statements are not yet available, private equity holdings are carried
at the last published valuation provided by the manager plus or minus contributions or distributions
between that valuation date and the date the fee is calculated. Client fees will be calculated using
the last published valuation and, with limited exception, those calculations will not be adjusted in
future periods.
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5.2. Fees for Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services
Fees for Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services, including Co-advisory
Investment Management Services and Sub-Advisory Investment Management Services, are
generally calculated as a fixed percentage of the market value of assets under management on the
last business day of the quarter. Asset-based fee schedules are generally tiered, offering
breakpoints for larger account balances and, while quoted on an annual basis, are, with limited
exception, calculated and assessed on a quarterly basis, in arrears. Advisory Consulting or
Discretionary Management Services fees may also be calculated using another method, such as the
average of assets under management during the quarter or on a fixed annualized fee basis, upon
mutual agreement with the client. Wainwright may, by mutual agreement with the client, take into
consideration the total asset value of the account combined with the asset values of any affiliated
Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services client account(s).
In cases where Wainwright’s fee is paid in advance, and in the event of the termination during a
quarter, Wainwright will retain only a pro-rata portion of the quarterly fees paid in advance based
on the actual number of days in the quarter from the first day of the quarter through and including
the termination date. The remaining balance of the prepaid fees for such quarter will be promptly
refunded to the client.
Account minimums are subject to negotiation.
The standard annual fee schedule for Advisory Consulting Services is:
• 1.50% on the first $1.0 million of account assets.
• 0.50% for assets between $1.0 million and $5.0 million.
• 0.40% for assets above $5.0 million.
The annualized asset-based fee schedule for Discretionary Management Services clients generally
ranges from 0.5% to 1.5% of account assets. If by written agreement between the Discretionary
Management Services client and the Firm, eligible Discretionary Management Services clients may
also be charged a performance-based fee. See Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side
Management below for additional information about performance-based fees.
Adjustments to advisory fees may be made to an Account in the event that, during a quarter, the
sum of all deposits to the Account minus all withdrawals from the Account by the Client results in
a net deposit to or withdrawal from the Account of greater than $50,000, and represents more than
10% of the value of the Account as of the beginning of the quarter. In such cases, the pro-rated fee
adjustment is calculated to reflect the application of the advisory fee to investment deposits, and a
reduction of the advisory fee for investment withdrawals, based on the number of days the
applicable assets are in the Account during the quarter. Generally, adjustments to advisory fees are
made the billing cycle in which the cash flows were made.
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Private funds for which Wainwright or WFS, LLC receive compensation (e.g., the Wainwright
Renaissance Fund or any other non-Wainwright affiliated fund) are included in the assets under
management of an Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services account but are
generally excluded from Wainwright’s Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management
Services fee calculations. In the limited circumstances where such private funds are included in the
aforementioned fee calculations, the client typically receives the benefit of a discounted
Wainwright Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services fee.
Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund client to invest in any
fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (see Item 4.8) or any fund with which it,
or WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a solicitation or private
placement arrangement.
Clients may elect to be billed for their fees or they may authorize their qualified custodian to debit
fees directly from their investment account(s) and credit those fees to Wainwright. See Item 15 –
Custody.
Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services fees will be pro-rated if services
begin after the first day, or end before the last day, of a billing period. Upon termination, any
unearned portion of any prepaid payment will be refunded in a timely manner, and any earned
portion of any arrears arrangement will be due and payable. Clients may terminate their Advisory
Consulting or Discretionary Management Services agreements in writing, according to the specific
terms of their respective agreement. Wainwright does not assess termination charges.
Asset-based fees create an incentive for Wainwright to over-estimate the value of securities and
assets held in client accounts in order to receive higher compensation on an inflated market value.
Inaccurate valuations would also inflate client account performance which is also calculated based
on the value of securities and assets held in client accounts. Wainwright’s clients may be harmed
if the Firm uses inaccurate or inappropriate valuations for securities and assets held in client
accounts. Wainwright has adopted policies and procedures which are reasonably designed to
minimize actual or potential conflicts of interest for fee arrangements.
5.3. Conflicts of Interest for Performance-Based Fees for Discretionary Management
Services
Performance-based fee arrangements for eligible Discretionary Management Services clients may
be negotiated with Wainwright on a case-by-case basis and must be established by a written
agreement between the Discretionary Management Services client and the Firm. Performance-
based fees are based on the performance or capital appreciation of the investment assets of a client
over a pre-determined period of time (e.g., a calendar year). Performance-based fees are offered
in lieu of, or in addition to, asset-based fees. See Item 6 - Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-
Side Management for additional information about performance-based fees.
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Performance-based fees create an incentive for Wainwright to recommend investments that are
riskier or more speculative in an effort to maximize potential returns. Wainwright and its
supervised persons may be perceived to have an incentive to devote more resources toward
managing accounts for which it charges a performance-based fee over other types of client accounts
that are not charged a performance-based fee, such as Advisory Consulting Services clients.
Wainwright addresses these conflicts through its private placement pre-approval procedures and
oversight by the Firm’s Enterprise Risk Management & Monthly Oversight Committee, the
Investment Policy & Risk Management Committee, and Wainwright’s CEO.
Any performance-based fee arrangement will be in accordance with SEC Rule 205-3 and any
applicable exemptions thereunder.
5.4. Fees for Hedge Fund Advisory Services
Wainwright or its affiliates receive both asset-based management and performance-based fees for
its Hedge Fund Advisory Services, including unaffiliated private funds with which WFS, LLC,
Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a private placement arrangement.
Methods for calculating asset-based management and performance-based fees relating to Hedge
Fund Advisory Services are set forth in each respective fund’s offering documents. Wainwright or
its affiliates reserve the right to waive, reduce, rebate, or calculate differently, for the benefit of the
investor, the management fee, administrative services fee and/or performance fee with respect to
any investor in a fund to which Wainwright provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (e.g., the
Wainwright Renaissance Fund).
Performance-based fees are typically billed on an annual basis as set forth in each respective fund’s
offering documents. Upon redemption prior to a calendar year end, the earned portion of any
performance-based fee will be due and payable in accordance with the fund’s offering documents.
Any performance-based fee arrangements will be calculated and assessed in accordance with the
fund’s offering documents and applicable rules and regulations including any available exemptions
thereunder.
See Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management for additional information
about performance-based fees.
5.4.1. Wainwright Renaissance Fund 1, L.P.
Wainwright receives a quarterly management fee for the management and administrative services
it provides to the Wainwright Renaissance Fund. These services include management of the
Wainwright Renaissance Fund’s operations, supervising the administrator, analyzing and reporting
the Wainwright Renaissance Fund’s performance to its limited partners, and performing various
administrative and back office services for the Wainwright Renaissance Fund.
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Management fees, while quoted on an annual basis, are calculated and assessed on a quarterly basis,
in advance, as set forth in the fund’s offering documents. WCAP, as the general partner of the
Wainwright Renaissance Fund, will receive a performance-based incentive fee allocation out of the
net profits (if any) of the strategy. Performance-based fees are typically calculated and assessed
on an annual basis as set forth in the fund’s offering documents.
The quarterly management and administrative services fees and annual performance-based fees are
calculated by the Fund’s third-party administrator for payment to Wainwright and WCAP,
respectively.
5.4.2. Wainwright Renaissance International Fund, Ltd.
This entity is not currently engaged in any business or investment activities and Wainwright does
not receive any fees for services provided.
5.4.3. Compensation to WCAP
WCAP, as the general partner of the Wainwright Renaissance Fund, will receive a performance-
based incentive fee allocation out of the net profits (if any) of the strategy. Performance-based fees
are typically calculated and assessed on an annual basis as set forth in the fund’s offering
documents. The quarterly management and administrative services fees and annual performance-
based fee are calculated by the Fund’s third-party administrator for payment to Wainwright and
WCAP, respectively.
5.5. Fees for Asset Allocation Strategies Consulting Services
Wainwright has in the past received, and may receive again in the future, fixed fees for providing
Asset Allocation Strategy Consulting Services to the corporate sponsor of a defined contribution
plan in an advisory capacity.
5.6. Fees for Ad-Hoc Management Consulting and Additional Services
Wainwright will receive fees for providing Ad-Hoc Management Consulting Services in the form
of customized projects. Fees for Ad-Hoc Consulting Management Services are charged on a fixed
fee basis. Fees for additional services are negotiated on a client-by-client and project-by-project
basis based on the scope of services as set forth in the written agreement with the client.
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5.7. Additional Client Expenses
Clients of Wainwright will incur additional fees and expenses charged by their respective
custodians and broker-dealers for providing services to the client’s account. Such fees will be
dependent on the investments in the client’s account and include, but are not limited to, custodial
fees, transaction costs, brokerage commissions and mutual fund expenses. Clients will also incur
certain other charges imposed by custodians, brokers, third-party investment managers and other
third-parties, such as interest charges, ticket charges, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials,
transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund fees, overnight delivery fees, postage and other fees
and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. Clients are responsible for the
payment of these costs and expenses.
Mutual funds (including money market mutual funds or other cash equivalents), exchange-traded
funds, investment advisers and private funds also charge management and/or performance-based
fees, as the case may be, which are disclosed in that fund’s prospectus or offering documents. Such
charges, fees and commissions are exclusive of, and in addition to, fees paid for Wainwright’s
services. Wainwright does not receive or share in any compensation related to these additional fees
or expenses.
5.8. Compensation to Registered Representatives of WFS, LLC
Wainwright has a wholly-owned subsidiary, WFS, LLC, that is an SEC registered broker-dealer
and a member of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor
Protection Corporation (“SPIC”). Most of Wainwright’s supervised persons are registered
representatives of WFS, LLC. WFS, LLC’s primary business activity is to facilitate private
placement transactions.
Wainwright supervised persons who are registered representatives of WFS, LLC receive
production compensation for the sale of certain investment products, such as private funds, that
may or may not be held by Wainwright clients. The receipt of this compensation creates a conflict
of interest and gives Wainwright supervised persons who are registered representatives of WFS,
LLC an incentive to recommend investment products based on compensation received, rather than
on a client’s specific needs or investment objectives. Wainwright addresses this conflict through
its private placement pre-approval procedure, oversight by the Firm’s Enterprise Risk Management
Committee and oversight by the Firm’s Investment Policy & Risk Management Committee. With
limited exception, private product offerings for which Wainwright or WFS, LLC receive
compensation are generally excluded from Wainwright’s Advisory Consulting or Discretionary
Management Services fee calculations.
Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund client to invest in any
fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (see Item 4.8) or any fund with which it,
or WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a solicitation or private
placement arrangement.
Please see Item 12 – Brokerage Practices for more information.
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Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
In addition to asset-based or fixed fees, eligible Discretionary Management Services clients may
negotiate performance-based fee arrangements (see Item 5 – Fees and Compensation above).
Performance-based fees are based on the performance or capital appreciation of the investment
assets of a client over a pre-determined period of time (e.g., calendar year). Performance-based
fees are offered in lieu of, or in addition to, asset-based fees.
6.1. Performance-Based Fees for Discretionary Management or Hedge Fund Advisory
Services
Performance-based fee arrangements for eligible Discretionary Management Services clients may
be negotiated with Wainwright on a case-by-case basis and must be established by a written
agreement between the Discretionary Management Services client and the Firm. Performance-
based fees are based on the performance or capital appreciation of the investment assets of a client
over a pre-determined period of time (e.g., a calendar year). Performance-based fees are offered in
lieu of, or in addition to, asset-based fees. Any performance-based fee arrangement will be in
accordance with SEC Rule 205-3 and any applicable exemptions thereunder.
Performance-based fees create an incentive for Wainwright to recommend investments that are
riskier or more speculative in an effort to maximize potential returns. Wainwright and its
supervised persons may be perceived to have an incentive to devote more resources toward
managing accounts for which it charges a performance-based fee over other types of client accounts
that are not charged a performance-based fee, such as Advisory Consulting Services clients.
Wainwright addresses these conflicts through its private placement pre-approval procedures and
oversight by the Firm’s Enterprise Risk Management & Monthly Oversight Committee, the
Investment Policy & Risk Management Committee, and Wainwright’s CEO.
6.2. Side-by-Side Management
The practice of managing two or more client portfolios which pay different fees, including but not
limited to performance-based fees, is known as “side-by-side management.” Wainwright
recognizes that side-by-side management can create an incentive for Wainwright to advantage one
client at the expense of another client with the intention of maximizing the fees Wainwright collects
for its services or enhancing a particular portfolio or composite’s performance. Wainwright has
policies and procedures in place to mitigate these risks. These include the following policies which
are contained in this Brochure:
• Aggregation and Allocation for Advisory Consulting Services Accounts and Aggregation
and Allocation for Discretionary Management Services Accounts which establishes
procedures for fair and appropriate allocation of investment opportunities;
• Fees and Compensation Procedures, which identify the conflicts of interest and
incorporates controls for calculating and billing client fees;
• Review of Accounts, which outlines the process for monitoring portfolios for adherence to
client risk constraints; and
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• Valuation of Securities, which mitigates the risk that Wainwright could value a client asset
incorrectly.
6.3. Discretionary Management Services Clients
Performance-based fee arrangements for eligible Discretionary Management Services clients may
be negotiated with Wainwright on a case-by-case basis and must be established by a written
agreement between the Discretionary Management Services client and the Firm.
6.4. Hedge Fund Advisory Services
Wainwright or its affiliates receive both asset-based management and performance-based fees for
its Hedge Fund Advisory Services described above in Item 4 – Advisory Business, including
unaffiliated private funds with which WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer
subsidiary, has a private placement arrangement. Methods for calculating asset-based management
and performance-based fees relating to Hedge Fund Advisory Services are set forth in each
respective fund’s offering documents.
Performance-based fees are typically billed on an annual basis as set forth in each respective fund’s
offering documents. Upon redemption prior to a calendar year end, the earned portion of any
performance-based fee will be due and payable in accordance with the fund’s offering documents.
Any performance-based fee arrangements will be calculated and assessed in accordance with the
fund’s offering documents and applicable rules and regulations including any available exemptions
thereunder.
A portion of the performance-based fees and other compensation earned by WFS, LLC from its
private placement services is paid to registered representatives of WFS, LLC (who are also
supervised persons of Wainwright) as production compensation.
Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund client to invest in any
fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (see Item 4.8) or any fund with which it,
or WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a solicitation or private
placement arrangement.
Wainwright or its affiliates reserve the right to waive, reduce, rebate, or calculate differently, for
the benefit of the investor, the management fee, administrative services fee and/or performance fee
with respect to any investor in a fund to which Wainwright provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services
(e.g., the Wainwright Renaissance Fund or any other non-Wainwright affiliated fund).
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Item 7 – Types of Clients
Wainwright provides non-discretionary (Advisory Consulting) and discretionary (Discretionary
Management) investment advice to individuals; high net worth individuals; family offices;
endowments; trusts; estates; foundations; corporations and other business entities; pooled
investment vehicles including hedge funds and other investment partnerships; charitable and tax-
exempt institutions; pension, profit-sharing, 401(k) and other plans that are subject to the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”); employee benefit plans; and
state and municipal governmental pension and post-employment benefit plans. Wainwright
additionally provides, or has provided in the past, discretionary and non-discretionary investment
advice and sub-advisory services to foundations, corporations and banks.
Wainwright has clients domiciled both within and outside of the United States.
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
8.1. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
8.1.1. Advisory Consulting Services
Wainwright employs the following methods of analysis and recommends an investment strategy
using the following steps:
Determine Current Exposure: Review the client’s current portfolio and analyze the existing
portfolio’s investment characteristics by asset class, strategy and style. This analysis typically
includes, but is not limited to, weightings by asset class, expected returns and risk metrics.
Formulate Investment Policy Statement (“IPS”) or Investment Strategy Framework: Work with
the client and coordinate the development of an IPS or investment strategy framework which
defines an investor’s investment objectives, tolerance for risk, investment time horizon, liquidity
needs, tax considerations, legal and regulatory considerations, and any unique circumstances that
may apply. These considerations are critical in determining a client’s target asset allocation and
constructing a suitable portfolio. A client may request a formal written IPS or the parameters and
considerations may be memorialized through informal communications.
Asset Allocation Analysis: Examine Wainwright’s capital market assumptions for each asset class
and integrate them with specific investment policy objectives. Generate model portfolios to
evaluate different asset class scenarios for client consideration.
Manager Due Diligence: Perform manager due diligence employing both quantitative and
qualitative metrics. The analysis may include, but is not limited to: performance; style specificity;
asset growth; volatility of returns; downside risk; firm history; portfolio characteristics; manager
expertise; and, where applicable, Environmental, Social, and Governance considerations.
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Portfolio Construction: Construct the client portfolio according to the results of the asset allocation
analysis and the IPS/investment strategy framework inputs, both of which require client input.
Portfolios will be constructed with some combination of mutual funds, exchange traded funds,
single stocks, or separately managed accounts. In addition, if eligible and appropriate, alternative
investments including limited partnerships, private funds or other pooled investment vehicles may
be included within the portfolio construction process. Typically, alternative investment vehicles
hold hedged strategies, real estate, private credit or private equity assets, amongst other things.
Portfolio Monitoring: Review client accounts and provide quarterly reports. Some of the specific
metrics Wainwright evaluates include: active versus passive strategies, risk target in a specific asset
class, pre-existing exposures, investment manager style, risk adjusted returns, tax considerations,
separate versus commingled account management, tracking error, and correlation among managers
and strategies.
8.1.2. Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services
Depending on a particular client engagement, Wainwright may use any of the following methods
of analysis in Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services accounts:
Lack of Control for Discretionary Assets: Once the assets of the Client are allocated to the account
pursuant to a Discretionary Investment Advisory Agreement, the Client will not control the
individual investments made by Wainwright, their choice of investments or other investment
decisions, which are totally within the control and discretion of Wainwright pursuant to the terms
of the executed Discretionary Investment Advisory Agreement between the Client and Wainwright.
Fundamental Analysis: Wainwright attempts to measure, and recommends managers who attempt
to measure, the intrinsic value of a security by looking at economic and financial factors (including
the overall economy, industry conditions, and the financial condition and management of the issuer
itself) to determine if the issuer is underpriced (indicating it may be a good time to buy) or
overpriced (indicating it may be time to sell). Fundamental analysis does not attempt to anticipate
market movements. This presents a potential risk, as the price of a security can move up or down
along with the overall market regardless of the economic and financial factors considered in
evaluating the security.
Technical Analysis: Wainwright attempts to analyze, and recommends managers who attempt to
analyze, past market movements and applies that analysis to the present in an attempt to recognize
recurring patterns of investor behavior and anticipate future price movement. Technical analysis
does not consider the underlying financial condition of an issuer. This presents the risk that a
poorly managed or financially unsound issuer may underperform regardless of market conditions.
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Artificial Intelligence: From time to time, Wainwright will use artificial intelligence technology,
commonly known as AI, as a compliment to operational and investment research processes.
Artificial intelligence is a wide-ranging term and includes a broad spectrum of technologies and
applications, such as machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, and natural language
processing (NLP). In general, artificial intelligence analyzes large amounts of data in (or near) real-
time, providing algorithmic- and probability-based conclusions and outputs. Artificial intelligence
presents the risk of relying on a “black box” where Wainwright does not understand the
assumptions used in the model and cannot interpret the risks associated with the inputs or outputs.
Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the financial services industry faces
regulatory uncertainty.
8.1.3. Hedge Fund Advisory Services
Wainwright employs similar but not identical methods of analysis to its Hedge Fund Advisory
Services as it does for its Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services, subject to
the investment objectives and investment restrictions set forth in each fund’s offering documents.
8.1.4. Ad-Hoc Management Consulting and Additional Services
The methods of analysis for Wainwright’s Ad-Hoc Management Consulting and other services will
vary depending on the scope of the Ad-Hoc engagement.
8.2. Material Risk Factors
Investment activities involve a significant degree of risk. The performance of any investment is
subject to numerous factors which are neither within the control of, nor predictable by Wainwright.
Such factors include a wide range of economic, political, competitive, technological and other
conditions (including acts of terrorism and war or regional/global pandemic) that may affect
investments in general or specific industries or companies. The investment decisions made and the
actions taken in managing client assets will be subject to various market, liquidity, currency,
economic, political and other risks. Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should
be prepared to bear. The investment performance and the success of any investment strategy or
particular investment can never be predicted or guaranteed, and the value of a client’s investments
will fluctuate due to market conditions and other factors. Investments may lose value and past
performance is never a guarantee of future results.
The information contained in this Brochure cannot disclose every potential risk associated with an
investment strategy, nor all of the risks applicable to a particular manager, security or investment.
Rather, it is a general description of the nature and risks of the Advisory Consulting and
Discretionary Management Services provided by Wainwright and the related investments.
This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the prospectuses and offering documents
that apply to the funds that Wainwright recommends and/or in which a client invests. Clients should
carefully read those prospectuses and/or offering documents before making an investment in any
fund.
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8.2.1. General Risks
Risks of Investing in Securities: Securities markets are volatile and investing in securities involves
the risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. Wainwright cannot guarantee that the
strategies offered will be able to achieve a particular level of return or maintain a particular risk
profile.
Risks vary by client according to their investment objectives, guidelines, liquidity needs or risk
tolerances and not every strategy or portfolio will be exposed to each of the risks described in this
Brochure. This list is not intended to be exhaustive of all of the risks associated with investing in
strategies or securities that are recommended by Wainwright.
Market Risk: The direction of the capital markets (i.e., stock, credit, interest rate, real estate, private
equity, volatility, etc.) are difficult to predict and are dependent upon changes in a number of
factors, including, but not limited to, interest rates, inflation, and a host of additional economic and
political factors. There is always a risk that the capital markets as a whole will decline, bringing
down the value of individual securities regardless of their fundamental characteristics. Market risk
is also known as systematic risk or undiversifiable risk. This risk is both unpredictable and
impossible to completely eliminate.
Investment Advisor Selection Risk: The investment performance of a client’s investment program
will vary with the success or failure of the investment advisor that a client selects to manage their
assets. An investment advisor’s past performance is not indicative of future results. Current and
prospective clients should not assume that the future performance of any specific investment
advisor, investment strategy, recommendation or investment will be profitable.
Asset Allocation Risk: A portfolio that holds large cash positions may deviate from the stated
benchmark and could underperform as a result. Differences in the security holdings and weights of
a portfolio versus the strategy benchmark will result in disparities between a portfolio’s
performance relative to its benchmark.
Rebalancing Risk: A portfolio may perform better or worse than a similarly managed account for
various reasons including, but not limited to, the frequency and timing of rebalancing and trading
each portfolio and the size and number of positions in each portfolio.
Portfolio Concentration Risk: Strategies that are concentrated in only a few securities, sectors or
industries, regions or countries or asset classes could expose a portfolio to greater risk and may
cause the portfolio value to fluctuate more widely than a portfolio that is diversified. Overexposure
to certain sectors or asset classes may prove to be detrimental to an investor if there is a negative
sector move.
Company Specific Risk: The risk related to a firm’s business plans, stock valuation, profitability,
accounting practices, growth strategy, and other factors particular to a company rather than to the
overall market. Some of these risks cannot be predicted, such as the retirement or death of a senior
executive, which may lead to negative performance in the future.
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Stock, Security, ETF or Fund Selection Risk: The risk that an investor chooses an investment that
underperforms the market for unanticipated reasons. There can be no assurance that investors will
ever come to realize the expected value of some of these investments, and that the investment will
ever increase in value. During this time, the investor may have funds locked up in an
underperforming investment, which presents an opportunity cost for other investments.
Environmental, Social, and Governance (“ESG”) Fund Risk: Investments selected based on ESG
principals can lead to exposures that differ from a competing “non-ESG” investment. These
differences in exposures have the potential to cause an ESG investment to outperform or
underperform a broad market index. An investor may have funds invested in an underperforming
investment, which presents an opportunity cost for other investments.
Timing Risk: The risk that an investment performs poorly after its purchase or better after its sale.
Moreover, if a redemption is required by the investor, the investor may face a loss due to poor
overall market performance or security performance at that time.
Data Risk: Wainwright’s securities analysis relies on data that is provided by third-party vendors
and publicly available sources of information. Information that is incomplete, inaccurate or
outdated would affect the efficacy of that analysis.
Counterparty Risk: A portfolio is subject to risk with respect to the counterparties. Risks affecting
counterparties such as brokers, custodians, clearing banks or agents, escrow agents or issuers,
foreign exchanges or securities lending programs could result in failure by the counterparty to
honor its obligations. A portfolio may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery
(including recovery of posted collateral) during insolvency, bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceedings and might realize only a limited recovery or no recovery at all. If the credit rating of a
counterparty is lowered, a portfolio would be exposed to any increased credit risk associated with
that counterparty.
Credit Risk: The credit rating of an issuer of a security is based on, among other things, the issuer’s
historical financial condition and the rating agencies’ investment analyses at the time of rating. An
actual or perceived deterioration of the ability of an issuer to meet its obligations would have an
adverse effect on the value of the issuer’s securities.
Liquidity Risk: Low trading volume, large positions or legal restrictions are some conditions which
could limit or prevent a portfolio from selling particular securities or closing positions at desirable
prices. Securities that are relatively liquid when acquired could become illiquid over time. The sale
of any such illiquid investment might be possible only at substantial discounts or might not be
possible at all. Further, such investments may be difficult to value.
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Global and National Crisis Risk: Ongoing or future global or national crises including, but not
limited to, pandemic, cyberattack, sabotage, terrorism, and acts of war could result in disruptions
to the economies of many nations, individual companies, and can negatively impact global markets
in an unforeseeable manner. Such disruptions include, but are not limited to: travel restrictions;
quarantines; supply chain disruptions; and workforce inefficiencies, absenteeism, distraction or
general anxiety. Such unpredictable, but no longer unprecedented, crises may exacerbate other pre-
existing political, social, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of such crises may be
quick, severe and of unknowable duration. Ongoing or future crises could result in the temporary
or permanent disruption of Wainwright’s ability to provide investment advice and volatility in the
financial markets and could have a negative impact on investment performance.
8.2.2. Investment Risks
Equity Securities: Equity instruments are subject to equity market risk, which is the risk that
common stock prices will fluctuate over short or even extended periods. Equity securities generally
have greater price volatility than fixed income securities. The market price of equity securities may
increase or decrease, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. Equity securities may decline in value
due to factors affecting markets generally, particular industries, sectors or geographic regions
represented in those markets, or individual security concerns.
Debt or Fixed Income Securities: Debt securities are affected by changes in interest rates. When
interest rates rise, the value of debt securities are likely to decrease. Conversely, when interest
rates fall, the values of debt securities are likely to increase. The values of debt securities are also
affected by changes in the credit rating or financial condition of the issuing entities.
Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”): MLPs are limited partnerships that trade on securities
exchanges similar to stocks. Issuers of MLPs are not subject to income tax, and shareholders in
MLPs are "limited partners" in the company. The issuers’ special tax designation allows MLPs to
avoid the double taxation that dividend paying corporations are subject to (i.e., corporation pays
income tax, shareholder pays income tax on dividends). MLPs are generally in the oil and gas
industries, providing infrastructure (i.e., movement, storage, refining), and exhibit high correlation
to oil and gas exploration and production companies. MLPs typically have significant debt and
distribute the bulk of free cash flow to investors in order to maintain their non-taxable “pass thru”
status. These characteristics contribute to risk.
Risks Associated with Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”) and Exchange Traded Notes (“ETNs”):
ETFs and ETNs are, by definition, portfolios of securities, and although the unsystematic risk
associated with investments in ETFs and ETNs may be low relative to investments in securities of
individual issuers, there are events that can trigger sharp, and sometimes adverse, price movements
in ETFs and ETNs that are not related to movements of the markets in general. These events
include, but are not limited to, unanticipated dividends, changes to regular dividend amounts,
announcements of rights offerings and possible unexpected revisions to the net asset values of the
ETF and ETN. ETFs are subject to market risk, whereas ETNs are subject to both market risk and
the credit risk of the issuer of the ETN.
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Further, certain Wainwright accounts may hold (or short sell) positions in certain volatility-related
ETFs and ETNs, and certain of those securities may be leveraged or have prices which are inversely
related to an underlying index or benchmark. These instruments pose unique risks which include,
amongst other things, market risk, compounding risk (e.g., the effect of daily compounding of
returns may result in returns over periods of longer than a single day which will likely differ in
amount and possibly even direction from the underlying benchmark), potential “acceleration” or
“termination” events associated with rapidly declining Net Asset Value (“NAV”), and the extreme
price volatility. Acceleration or termination could result in a substantial or total loss of investment.
See Borrowing and Leverage Risk.
Borrowing and Leverage Risk: If permitted by a client’s investment guidelines and by mutual
agreement with the client, a portfolio may purchase securities on margin, engage in short sales,
borrow money or use derivatives, each of which will cause the portfolio to be leveraged. Leverage
exaggerates the effect on a portfolio’s value for any increase or decrease in the market value of the
portfolio’s investment value. Leveraging will also create interest expenses for a portfolio which
can exceed the investment return from the borrowed funds.
Short Sales: If permitted by a client’s investment guidelines and by mutual agreement with the
client, a portfolio may engage in short selling. Wainwright makes no assurance that a strategy
utilizing short sales will be profitable. A short sale is effected by selling a security which the seller
does not own, or selling a security which the seller owns but which it does not deliver upon
consummation of the sale. In order to make delivery to the buyer of a security sold short, the prime
broker or custodian on behalf of the seller must borrow the security. In so doing, it incurs the
obligation to replace that security, whatever its price may be, at the time it is required to deliver it
to the lender. The seller must also pay to the lender of the security any dividends or interest payable
on the security during the borrowing period and may have to pay a premium to borrow the security.
This obligation must, unless the seller then owns or has the right to obtain, without payment,
securities identical to those sold short, be collateralized by a deposit of cash and/or marketable
securities with the lender. Short selling is subject to theoretically unlimited risk of loss because
there is no limit on how much the price of a security may appreciate before the “short” position is
closed out.
Further, short sales of securities involve a form of investment leverage and the amount of the
portfolio’s potential loss is theoretically unlimited. See Borrowing and Leverage Risk.
Options Trading: If permitted by a client’s investment guidelines and by mutual agreement with
the client, a portfolio may engage in options strategies. In an option trade, a client may find their
portfolio acting as a buyer or a seller of an option contract. A buyer of an option contract pays a
“premium” to purchase the contract, which gives them the right, but not the obligation, to exercise
the contract, allowing them to buy (in the case of a call) or sell (in the case of a put), from or to the
seller (also known as the “writer”) of the contract, a specified number of securities at a specified
price, known as the “strike price,” before or on the expiration date of the option contract. Options
are speculative. Liability to the buyer is limited to the premium paid for the option. An option seller
receives the premium paid by the buyer, and as a result, becomes obligated to purchase (in the case
of puts) or sell (in the case of calls) the underlying securities at the strike price on or before the
expiration date, provided the securities trade above (in the case of calls) or below (in the case of
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puts) the strike price. While the seller can close their position by buying back the options contract,
they bear the risk of loss from adverse price movements in the contract so long as the position
remains open. The call option seller has unlimited risk exposure and the potential for a significant
loss, as an underlying security has infinite upward price mobility. The risk to the seller of the put
option is limited to the difference between the strike price of the security and its market price upon
exercise, less the premium received for selling the contract.
Options are complicated and risky investments because they require an investor not only to
anticipate whether the price of a security is going up or down, but also anticipate the amount and
timing of that movement. This requires a sophisticated understanding of the underlying security,
as well as the particular options strategy being employed to speculate or hedge a security.
Before engaging in options trading, a client must acknowledge that they have carefully read and
understand the Agreement and the booklet entitled “Characteristics and Risks of Standardized
Options”
(https://www.theocc.com/Company-Information/Documents-and-Archives/Options-
Disclosure-Document), and has consulted with their applicable legal, tax and financial advisors.
Futures Contract Risk: If permitted by a client’s investment guidelines and by mutual agreement
with the client, a portfolio may engage in futures strategies. The use of futures, for hedging or other
purposes, involves risk and could result in lower returns or losses in a client account. There is a
risk that a derivative may not be well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it
relates. Daily exchange limits on the price movement of a futures contract may make trading or
closing out a position difficult or impractical. It is possible that a client could lose more than the
cash amount invested in the derivative. Additional information about the risks related to futures
strategies is available upon request.
Preferred Equity: Holders of preferred equity are positioned between the bondholders and
common stockholders within a company’s capital structure. Preferred equity is subordinate to
various other levels of debt, so if a company declares bankruptcy, the holders of preferred equity
will not receive payment until all of the company’s secured creditors and bondholders have
received payment. Also, like debt securities, the values of preferred equities are closely related to
interest rates. Typically, the longer the maturity, the more the preferred equity is affected by
changes in interest rates.
Foreign Markets: Investments in foreign companies and overseas markets may involve unique
risks, including, but not limited to, risks relating to changes in currency exchange rates, political,
economic and social events, varying market operations and less information. Additional
information about the risks related to investing in foreign, emerging and frontier markets is
available upon request.
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Alternative Investments: In addition, if eligible and appropriate, alternative investments including
limited partnerships, private funds or other pooled investment vehicles may be included within the
portfolio construction process. Alternative investments involve additional risks that clients must
consider. Lock-up periods and other terms obligate investors to commit their capital investment
for a minimum period of time, typically no less than one or two years and sometimes up to 10 or
more years. Illiquidity is considered to be the most substantial risk and will restrict the ability of
an investor to liquidate an investment early regardless of the success of the investment. Alternative
investments are subject to lagged valuations, which is to say their values are not received daily, but
typically quarterly or monthly, anywhere from 15 to 75 days after the respective month- or quarter-
end. There may be limited availability of suitable benchmarks for comparison of performance;
historical performance data may also be limited. In some cases, there may be a lack of transparency
and regulation providing an additional layer of risk. Some alternative investments may involve use
of leverage and other speculative techniques. As a result, some alternative investments may carry
substantial, additional risks, which may result in the loss of some or all of the investment. For tax-
exempt investors, use of leverage and certain other strategies will result in adverse tax
consequences, such as the possibility of unrelated business taxable income as defined under the
U.S. Internal Revenue Service Code. It is possible that an investment may be dissolved and
terminated prematurely, and as a result, may not be able to accomplish its objectives and may be
required to dispose of its holdings at a disadvantageous time or make an in-kind distribution
resulting in investors not having their capital invested and/or deployed in the manner originally
contemplated.
Real Estate and Opportunity Zones: Real estate opportunity zone investments are subject to
varying degrees of risk. These risks include changes in general or local economic conditions,
interest rates, availability of mortgage funds, real estate taxes and other operating expenses,
environmental changes, acts of God (which could result in uninsured losses), local employment
conditions, domestic and foreign competition, and other factors, which are beyond the control of
an investment, its General Partner and its Investment Adviser. Property values are affected by a
number of factors, including but not limited to (i) changes in the general economic climate, (ii)
local conditions (such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for space), (iii) the quality
and philosophy of management, (iv) competition based on rental rates, (v) attractiveness and
location of the properties, (vi) financial condition of tenants, buyers and sellers of properties, (vii)
quality of maintenance, insurance and management services and (viii) changes in operating costs.
Property values are also affected by such factors as government regulations (including those
governing usage, improvements zoning and taxes), interest rate levels, the availability of financing,
and potential liability under changing environmental and other laws.
Crypto Assets: Crypto assets, including cryptocurrencies, stablecoins, tokens, and other digital
assets, are not controlled by a central bank, have no intrinsic value and are extremely volatile.
Dramatic swings (volatility) in markets can lead to illiquidity and significant capital losses.
Changes in regulation by federal, state or foreign governments may restrict the use and exchange
of crypto assets. Crypto assets have been historically susceptible to information, technology and
cybersecurity risks.
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8.2.3. Procedural and Operational Risks
Key Personnel Risk: The death, disability, or departure of key investment personnel, or other
changes to the Wainwright Research and Due Diligence Committee (“RDC”), could have a material
effect on our ability to monitor the investment recommendations by the Firm and could adversely
affect our ability to effectively implement those strategies.
Operational Risk: Portfolios are exposed to operational risk introduced through human
intervention or the failure of automated processes. Operational risks include, but are not limited to,
reconciliation errors, trading the wrong security, trading a security for an unintended portfolio or
purchasing a security that a portfolio was intended to sell, or vice versa.
System Failures and Reliance on Technology Risks: Wainwright’s operations rely on technology,
including hardware, software, telecommunications, internet-based platforms, and other electronic
systems. Additionally, some of the technology used is provided by third-party service providers
and is, therefore, beyond Wainwright’s direct control. Wainwright seeks to ensure adequate
backups of hardware, software, telecommunications, internet-based platforms, and other electronic
systems, through its vendor due diligence procedures but there is no guarantee that any or all third-
party service provider risks will be mitigated. In addition, natural disasters, power interruptions and
other events may cause system failures, which will require the use of backup systems. Backup
systems may not operate as well as the systems that they back-up and may fail to properly operate,
especially when used for an extended period. To reduce the impact a system failure may have,
Wainwright continually evaluates its backup and disaster recovery systems and performs periodic
testing of its backup systems operations. Despite our continued monitoring, hardware,
telecommunications, or other electronic systems malfunctions may be unavoidable and result in
consequences such as the inability to execute client transactions or monitor client accounts. See
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices and Item 13 – Review of Accounts.
Cybersecurity Risk: A portfolio is susceptible to operational and informational security risks due
to the increased use of the Internet. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or
unintentional events. Cyberattacks include, but are not limited to, infection by computer viruses or
other malicious software code, gaining unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices
through “hacking” or other means for the purpose of misappropriating assets or sensitive
information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cybersecurity failures or breaches
of third-party service providers may cause disruptions at third-party service providers and impact
Wainwright’s business operations, potentially resulting in: financial losses; the inability to transact
business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, or penalties;
reputational damage; unanticipated expenses or other compensation costs; and/or additional
compliance costs. Wainwright has an established business continuity and disaster recovery plan
and related cybersecurity procedures designed to prevent or reduce the impact of such risks, there
are inherent limitations in such plans and systems due in part to the evolving nature of technology
and cyberattack tactics.
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Adherence to IPS or Investment Strategy Framework Risk: Client relationships with portfolio
specific investment objectives, guidelines, restrictions or risk tolerances are exposed to the risk that
these goals are not achievable or that the portfolio unpredictably deviates from those guidelines or
limitations.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to provide information about any legal or disciplinary
events that would be material to a client’s evaluation of Wainwright or the integrity of its
management. Wainwright has no disciplinary events to disclose.
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Wainwright has a wholly-owned subsidiary, WFS, LLC that is an SEC registered broker-dealer
and a member of FINRA and SIPC. Most of Wainwright’s supervised persons are registered
representatives of WFS, LLC. WFS, LLC’s primary business activity is to facilitate private
placement transactions. Please see Item 5 – Fees and Compensation and Item 12 – Brokerage
Practices for additional information. Additional details about WFS can be found at
https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/116778.
Wainwright has several affiliations and interests in various limited partnerships and limited liability
companies, as described in Item 4 – Advisory Business.
Wainwright and WFS, LLC receive additional compensation in connection with certain managers
or funds that are recommended to Advisory Consulting Services clients. For additional information,
please refer to Item 4.8 and Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation.
Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund client to invest in any
fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (see Item 4.8) or any fund with which it,
or WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a solicitation or private
placement arrangement.
Wainwright has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Wainwright Capital Partners, LLC (“WCAP”), which
is registered as a Commodity Pool Operator registered with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”_ and is a member of the National Futures Association (“NFA”). WCAP is
the general partner of the Wainwright Renaissance Fund 1, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
(the “Wainwright Renaissance Fund”). Please see Item 4.8 for additional information.
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Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading
11.1.
As is required by SEC Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, Wainwright has adopted a Code of
Ethics (the “Code”) for its supervised persons which describes, among other things, the Firm’s
fiduciary duty to its clients and standards of conduct for its supervised persons. Wainwright has
policies and procedures in place for: the protection of personal and confidential information; the
prevention of illegal insider trading; gifts and entertainment; contributions to elected officials; and
personal securities trading practices. All supervised persons of Wainwright receive annual
compliance training on Wainwright’s compliance policies and procedures and are required to
annually certify that they have received, read, understood, and will comply with those policies,
including the Code and the Supplemental Wainwright Organization Policies and Procedures.
Revisions, updates, or amendments to the Code are distributed to all supervised persons of
Wainwright in a timely manner.
A complete and current copy of Wainwright’s Code and certain supplemental policies are available
to any client or prospective client, free of charge, within 30 days upon request.
11.1.1. Protection of Personal and Confidential Information
Wainwright has adopted written policies and procedures that address physical, technical, and
administrative safeguards for the protection of customer data, personnel records, and other
personal, confidential or proprietary information (collectively, “confidential information”).
Wainwright’s policies and procedures are reasonably designed to:
• Ensure the security and privacy of any confidential information in Wainwright’s
possession;
• Protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of any
confidential information in Wainwright’s possession;
• Protect against unauthorized access to, or use of, any confidential information in
Wainwright’s possession that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to
Wainwright, its supervised persons, or any client or investor who is a natural person;
• Protect against unauthorized access to, or distribution of, sensitive or confidential
information; and
• Provide timely notification to affected individuals whose confidential information was, or
is reasonably likely to have been, accessed or used without authorization.
Wainwright has controls in place that are reasonably designed to restrict access to confidential
information to those Wainwright supervised persons who need to know that information in the
course of their job responsibilities.
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11.1.2. Prevention of Illegal Insider Trading
It is a violation of federal law to purchase or sell securities (or options to purchase or sell securities)
of any company based upon material non-public information (“inside information”) or to share
such inside information with another person who may use the information for their own profit or
to avoid a loss.
Wainwright has implemented policies and procedures designed to identify and monitor supervised
persons personal trading for evidence of insider trading.
All Wainwright supervised persons annually certify that they have received, read, understood, and
will comply with Wainwright’s Insider Trading Policy and applicable rules.
11.1.3. Gifts and Entertainment
Wainwright has a responsibility to ensure that gifts and entertainment do not create conflicts of
interest or the appearance of impropriety that could reflect negatively on Wainwright and its
business relationships. Wainwright supervised persons are prohibited from accepting, offering,
giving, or providing any gift, entertainment, prize, benefit, compensation, or consideration that
could reasonably be expected to compromise their independence and/or objectivity.
Wainwright has implemented policies and procedures to report gifts and entertainment given to, or
received by, Wainwright or its employees and supervised persons and to identify conflicts and
prevent prohibited activities.
11.1.4. Contributions to Elected Officials
SEC Rule 206(4)-5 defines “pay-to-play” as the practice of making contributions and related
payments to elected or labor union officials in order to influence the awarding of lucrative contracts
for the management of public pension or labor union plan assets or similar government investment
accounts.
Wainwright has polices which prohibit its covered associates from making contributions or related
payments to elected or labor union officials at the local, state and federal levels.
11.1.5. Personal Securities Trading Practices
Rule 204A-1 requires, among other things, certain supervised persons of a registered investment
adviser to report their personal securities holdings and transactions to the adviser, including initial
and annual holdings and quarterly transactions reports. Wainwright’s Personal Transactions and
Holdings Policy is intended to prevent conflicts of interest, or the appearance of a conflict of
interest, with the investment advice it provides to its clients.
Wainwright supervised persons may buy or sell the same securities for their personal accounts that
Wainwright may also recommend to its Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management
Services clients, or funds to which Wainwright or its affiliates provide hedge fund advisory
services. With limited exception, Wainwright supervised persons must obtain pre-clearance prior
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to executing a transaction in any Personal Account 5 in which they have a beneficial interest 6.
Unless by specific exception, personal investments must be held for a minimum of thirty (30)
calendar days to reduce the incentive for short-term trading and maintain focus on Wainwright’s
core responsibilities to its clients.
Wainwright’s CCO, or their designee, is primarily responsible for providing trade pre-clearance
and reviewing and monitoring the personal transactions of Wainwright employees and supervised
persons.
11.1.5.1. Blackout Periods
Wainwright reserves the right to implement security or fund specific personal account transaction
blackout periods for buying and selling securities or funds in personal accounts when investment
recommendations are amended by the Research and Due Diligence Committee (“RDC”).
Wainwright allows sufficient time for any RDC recommendation to be disseminated to its Advisory
Consulting Services clients before the blackout is lifted and Wainwright supervised persons may
buy or sell those securities for their personal account(s).
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
11.2.
11.2.1. Affiliations and Performance-Based Fees
Wainwright has several affiliations and interests in various limited partnerships and limited liability
companies, as described in Item 4 – Advisory Business. WFS, LLC’s primary business activity is
to facilitate private placement transactions. Please see Item 5 – Fees and Compensation and Item
12 – Brokerage Practices for additional information. Wainwright or its affiliates charge, in certain
circumstances, performance-based fees in lieu of, or in addition to, asset-based fees. See Item 6 -
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management for additional information about
performance-based fees. Each of these arrangements create conflicts of interests as further
described herein.
11.2.2. Principal and Agency Cross Transactions
Wainwright does not engage in principal or agency cross transactions for any client account.
Wainwright does not cross trade between any client accounts or affiliated funds. Item 12 –
Brokerage Practices.
5 It should be noted that although exempt from pre-clearance requirements, Personal Accounts which are also
Wainwright client accounts (e.g., where an investment advisory agreement has been executed) are not exempt from
the holdings and transactions reporting requirements.
6 Wainwright supervised persons who are physically and functionally involved in the day-to-day operations of
Wainwright or who may have access to information about current client transactions are considered “access persons”
and are subject to the Personal Securities Trading Practices. These individuals are presumed to be a beneficial owner
of securities that are held by their immediate family members residing in the access person’s household.
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Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
Wainwright has a wholly-owned subsidiary, WFS, LLC, that is an SEC registered broker-dealer
and a member of FINRA and SIPC. Most of Wainwright’s supervised persons are registered
representatives of WFS, LLC. WFS, LLC’s primary business activity is to facilitate private
placement transactions.
Wainwright does not receive research or related products or services, other than execution-only
services, from any broker-dealer or third-party in connection with client transactions. In certain
limited circumstances, and where it will be advantageous to the client, Wainwright may request for
the benefit of its client(s), an ETF provider or their designated broker, to create shares at net asset
value in consideration of the order size, size of the fund, average trading volume and market
availability.
With limited exception7, Wainwright does not negotiate client commissions paid to broker-dealers
to execute client transactions. Wainwright does not select broker-dealers for Advisory Consulting
or Discretionary Management Services client securities transactions (see Item 16 – Investment
Discretion). Client securities transactions are typically executed through the executing broker-
dealer affiliated with, or preferred by, the client’s qualified custodian. For example, if the client’s
qualified custodian is State Street Corporation, brokerage trades will typically be routed for
execution at State Street Global Markets as that custodian’s preferred executing broker. Similarly,
a client account that utilizes Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC, Interactive Brokers LLC or Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. as the qualified custodian, will likely have brokerage executions routed through
that custodian’s preferred executing broker.
Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC
12.1.
Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC (“PAS”) represents the largest, by number of accounts, of all of
the custodial relationships for Wainwright clients. Wainwright has an agreement with PAS
whereby PAS makes available products and services to Wainwright’s clients including, but not
limited to, clearing, custody or other brokerage services. In consideration of this relationship, PAS
provides services to Wainwright and its clients that include, but are not limited to, software and
other technology that (i) provides access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and
account statements); (ii) facilitates trade execution and allocation and aggregation of trade orders
for multiple client accounts; (iii) provide research, pricing and other market data; (iv) facilitates
payment of Wainwright fees from its clients’ accounts that are custodied at PAS; and (v) assists
with back-office functions, recordkeeping and client reporting. These services do not represent
any economic benefit to Wainwright as Wainwright would not be compelled to purchase these
services at its own expense in the absence of this relationship. Wainwright has periodically
negotiated lower standard client commission rates with PAS.
7 Wainwright has negotiated commission rates for brokerage executions routed through Pershing LLC through its
agreement with Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC.
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In the situation where a client elects to custody their assets at PAS, Wainwright will have trade
authority to route discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders to Pershing, LLC for that client’s
account. Wainwright does not require any client to use PAS. Clients may engage another qualified
custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is acceptable to Wainwright at their discretion.
Interactive Brokers LLC
12.2.
Wainwright has an agreement with Interactive Brokers LLC (“IBKR”) whereby IBKR makes
available products and services to Wainwright’s clients including, but not limited to, clearing,
custody or other brokerage services. Wainwright makes this arrangement available as an
accommodation to clients who for whom Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC is unable to provide
such services (e.g., certain non-U.S. clients). In consideration of this relationship, IBKR provides
services to Wainwright and its clients that include, but are not limited to, software and other
technology that (i) provides access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and account
statements); (ii) facilitates trade execution and allocation and aggregation of trade orders for
multiple client accounts; (iii) facilitates payment of Wainwright fees from its clients’ accounts that
are custodied at IBKR; and (iv) assists with back-office functions, recordkeeping and client
reporting. These services do not represent any economic benefit to Wainwright as Wainwright
would not be compelled to purchase these services at its own expense in the absence of this
relationship.
In the situation where a client elects to custody their assets at IBKR, Wainwright will have trade
authority to route discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders to IBKR for that client’s account.
Clients may engage another qualified custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is acceptable
to Wainwright at their discretion.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
12.3.
Wainwright has an agreement with Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”) whereby Schwab
makes available products and services to Wainwright’s clients including, but not limited to,
clearing, custody or other brokerage services. In consideration of this relationship, Schwab
provides services to Wainwright and its clients that include, but are not limited to, software and
other technology that (i) provides access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and
account statements); (ii) facilitates trade execution and allocation and aggregation of trade orders
for multiple client accounts; (iii) facilitates payment of Wainwright fees from its clients’ accounts
that are custodied at Schwab; and (iv) assists with back-office functions, recordkeeping and client
reporting. These services do not represent any economic benefit to Wainwright as Wainwright
would not be compelled to purchase these services at its own expense in the absence of this
relationship.
In the situation where a client elects to custody their assets at Schwab, Wainwright will have trade
authority to route discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders to Schwab for that client’s
account. Clients may engage another qualified custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is
acceptable to Wainwright at their discretion.
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Client Accounts at Other Custodians
12.4.
Clients may engage a qualified custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is acceptable to
Wainwright at their discretion. Services provided will vary.
Unless by special arrangement and direct instruction by the client, Wainwright does not have
authority to route discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders for a client’s account that is held
away from the client’s custodian. Wainwright makes no assurances as to the quality of the
execution services provided by those executing brokers.
Aggregation and Allocation for Advisory Consulting Services Accounts
12.5.
Trade orders for Advisory Consulting Services clients are entered (or facilitated, as the case may
be) within a reasonable time from when the instruction or authorization is received from the
Advisory Consulting Services client. Although multiple Advisory Consulting Services client
accounts may purchase or sell the same securities on the same day, orders will not necessarily be
aggregated due to the timing of client acceptance of recommendations throughout the day. In such
circumstances, prices will deviate across client Advisory Consulting Services accounts.
Aggregation and Allocation for Discretionary Management Accounts
12.6.
Allocation procedures will be fair, equitable, and determined in advance of trading in a specific
security on any given day. Wainwright manages multiple Discretionary Management Services
accounts that may purchase or sell (or short or cover) the same securities at the same time. Where
possible, Wainwright will aggregate orders for the purchase or sale of the same security for each
respective IAR’s Discretionary Management Services clients transacting that day at that custodian8.
In such cases, each participating client will receive the average execution price at that custodian.
Each participating client will pay a brokerage commission and other charges imposed by their
custodian (e.g., ticket charges, odd-lot differentials). With limited exception, partial order
executions will be allocated on a pro-rata basis among the participating portfolios at that custodian
in proportion to their pre-determined participation in the aggregated order.
Aggregation and Allocation for Hedge Fund Advisory Services Accounts
12.7.
Wainwright does not effect trade orders on behalf of any fund to which it provides Hedge Fund
Advisory Services.
Soft Dollars
12.8.
Wainwright does not engage in soft dollar activity, including permitted soft dollar arrangements or
mixed use arrangements.
8 Situations may arise where, unbeknownst to one another, one IAR executes trades for their discretionary accounts
while another uses discretion to transact in the same security. Such trades might not be aggregated with other IAR
accounts and could even be opposite sides of a transaction.
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Execution Quality (Best Execution)
12.9.
Wainwright has a fiduciary duty to seek best execution for any transactions it routes for any client
account over which it has trade authority (discretion). Best execution has been defined by the SEC
as the execution of securities transactions for clients in such a manner that the clients’ total cost or
proceeds in each transaction is the most favorable under the circumstances. 9
Wainwright will seek to minimize the total transaction costs of trading including explicit costs,
such as commissions, fees and taxes, as well as implicit costs, also known as market impact.
Wainwright’s determination of whether best execution is achieved is based on both qualitative and
quantitative factors, and is evaluated over time. While price and commissions are considerations,
best execution relies upon the particular circumstances of a given transaction. For example, the
liquidity or non-liquidity of a stock may factor into execution quality. Also, the desire to maintain
an orderly market in the security may affect the timing of the transactions involved, and thus the
price.
12.10. Mutual Fund Share Class Selection
Neither Wainwright nor its supervised persons receive service fees or asset-based sales charges in
connection with transactions in mutual funds. Nonetheless, Wainwright recognizes its fiduciary
duty to identify and recommend the most advantageous mutual fund share classes for purchase in
clients’ accounts which may or may not be limited to the lowest cost share class eligible to the
client. When purchasing a mutual fund on behalf of a client, Wainwright reviews the share classes
approved for use by its clients to determine if a more cost effective share class is available than
those share classes that are currently held by any client. Considerations which will influence
Wainwright’s recommendations include, but are not limited to, liquidity, expense ratios, the client’s
investment time horizon and distribution requirements.
Item 13 – Review of Accounts
All written account reports, including reports for Co-advisory Investment Management Services
and Discretionary Sub-Advisory Investment Management Services clients, must be reviewed and
approved by the CCO, or their designee, prior to distribution.
9 General Information on the Regulation of Investment Advisers, Division of Investment Management modified March
11, 2011: http://www.sec.gov/divisions/investment/iaregulation/memoia.htm.
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Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services
13.1.
At the inception of each Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services client
relationship, Wainwright’s Investment Adviser Representatives or consultants (“IARs”) prepare
(or assist the client in preparing) an investment policy statement (“IPS”) or investment strategy
framework that reflects the client’s stated investment objective and parameters for the management
of the account. This information is the basis for performing client account reviews and will be
modified if the objectives, tolerance for risk, investment time horizon, liquidity needs, tax
considerations, or other unique circumstances of the client change. See Item 4.1 - Investment Policy
Statement Preparation above.
IARs and their supervisor conduct at least quarterly reviews for all Advisory Consulting and
Discretionary Management Services client accounts and provides at least quarterly written account
reports as set forth in the Firm’s Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services
agreement with the client. Account reviews include, but are not limited to, market fluctuations,
significant events, client needs and client objectives.
All clients receive, at a minimum, a quarterly written report containing asset values and
performance information. Quarterly written reports include, but are not limited to: market value
by asset class, instrument or investment, as applicable; the percentage each investment represents
in the entire portfolio; monthly or quarterly returns; and year-to-date return for each portfolio and/or
investment. In certain client engagements, and as mutually agreed upon by the client and
Wainwright, a client may also receive customized daily, weekly or monthly reports. The investment
results presented in client reports may exclude certain recommendations made by Wainwright that
were not accepted by a client or, alternately, may include investment decisions made by a client
without a recommendation by Wainwright. Clients will also receive asset valuation reports and/or
performance information directly from an underlying manager, such as for a private fund, or their
qualified custodian. Certain other information may be provided upon request. At the request of the
client or where Wainwright deems necessary, more frequent reviews may be performed.
Additional information provided to clients could include, but is not limited to: Financial Market
Highlights for the quarter; selected index returns for the period; an asset allocation summary;
geographic composition; portfolio liquidity; hedge or private fund investment market value
summary; statistical analysis of monthly returns; portfolio composition by asset class; portfolio
composition by manager; performance by asset class; and performance attribution metrics.
A supplemental objective review for Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services
accounts is conducted on a semi-annual basis (or more or less frequently as deemed necessary by
Wainwright) by Wainwright’s Investment Policy & Risk Management Committee in order to
evaluate the alignment between the client’s investment philosophy and their existing portfolio.
These periodic reviews take into consideration liquidity, investment time horizon, and recent
changes to a client’s investment objectives, risk tolerance, and/or any other factors deemed
pertinent for that particular client, such as tax or legal considerations.
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Discretionary Management Services
13.2.
For Discretionary Management Services accounts, portfolios are reviewed no less frequently than
monthly by the IAR and their supervisor. The IAR, with the assistance of the analyst team and/or
the Operations Department, will conduct more frequent reviews as the result of either a triggering
event (i.e., extreme market volatility or significant events affecting the client’s financial situation)
or at the request of the client.
Hedge Fund Advisory Services
13.3.
All investors in the Wainwright Renaissance Fund receive from an independent third-party
administrator a: (i) monthly statement and (ii) quarterly net asset value statement. Additionally,
audited financial statements prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles by an independent accounting firm are distributed to investors on an annual basis.
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Client Referrals to Wainwright
14.1.
Wainwright has entered into one or more written agreements under which an unaffiliated Solicitor
or Promoter or similarly, an unaffiliated Adviser (see Item 4.6), (each a “Solicitor”), has agreed to
refer certain individuals and institutions (“Prospects”) with which the Solicitor has a relationship
and who the Solicitor believes may be interested in one or more of the services offered by
Wainwright. The Solicitor discloses to each Prospect that it is not a current client of Wainwright
or an investor in any fund managed by Wainwright and that it is not authorized to provide
investment advice on behalf of Wainwright.
In making referrals to Wainwright, Solicitors describe Wainwright and its services in general terms.
Solicitors are not permitted to distribute any written communications, advertising, or performance
advertising material with regard to Wainwright that is not provided by Wainwright or first approved
in writing by Wainwright. Solicitors may provide any information about Wainwright that is
contained in this Brochure and both the Wainwright Form CRS and the WFS, LLC Form CRS.
In exchange for such referrals, Wainwright pays cash compensation directly to the Solicitor. This
creates a material conflict of interest. The terms of such compensation by Wainwright to the
Solicitor is disclosed to the Prospect through a Solicitor Disclosure Statement prior to entering into
any agreement for Advisory Consulting, Discretionary Management Services, or Hedge Fund
Advisory Services.
The investment advisory and other fees Wainwright charges to Prospects referred by the Solicitor
are not impacted by the existence of the referral arrangement Wainwright has with the Solicitor.
Thus, Prospects who become clients of Wainwright do not have to pay more fees and charges to
Wainwright as a result of the solicitation arrangement between Wainwright and the Solicitor.
No cash or non-cash compensation is provided for any testimonial or endorsement not specifically
covered by a dually executed written agreement.
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Non-Compensated Endorsements and Testimonials
14.2.
Wainwright supervised persons are prohibited from soliciting testimonials or endorsements of
Wainwright or its services or products in exchange for any cash or non-cash compensation.
Solicitation or Promoter Arrangements for Hedge Fund Advisory Services
14.3.
WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, is the non-exclusive placement
agent for the Wainwright Renaissance Fund. WFS, LLC receives a placement fee under the
Wainwright Renaissance Fund’s private placement agreement for any investor that invests in such
fund as a result of WFS, LLC’s sales efforts. Please refer to Item 4 – Advisory Business for details
regarding the Wainwright Renaissance Fund.
WFS LLC currently acts in the capacity of a Solicitor or Promoter or private placement agent for
affiliated and unaffiliated private funds and receives compensation as a result. The nature and
amount of the compensation arrangement is prescribed in the respective Solicitor and/or placement
agent agreement. Any testimonial or endorsement by WFS, LLC is considered a recommendation
subject to Regulation Best Interest.
Wainwright does not recommend or solicit any state regulated pension fund client to invest in any
fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory Services (see Item 4.8) or any fund with which it,
or WFS, LLC, Wainwright’s wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, has a solicitation or private
placement arrangement.
Item 15 – Custody
Advisory Consulting and Discretionary Management Services
15.1.
Clients of Wainwright must retain a broker-dealer, bank, or other qualified custodian of its choice
to take possession of its investment assets. With limited exception, as described here, neither
Wainwright nor its supervised persons may accept or hold, or accept authority to obtain possession
of, directly or indirectly, any client funds or securities. Wainwright will not intentionally take
custody of client funds or securities, including cash. Wainwright’s authority with respect to the
client’s qualified custodian is limited to issuing instructions to effect or settle trades, transfer
monies upon client authorization, corporate actions instructions and, if authorized, direct debiting
of its Advisory Consulting or Discretionary Management Services fees.
Wainwright urges its clients to carefully review and compare their custodian statements to any
portfolio statements provided by Wainwright and report any material discrepancies to both parties.
Clients should contact Wainwright directly if they believe that there is an error in their statement
or if they are not receiving at least quarterly custodian statements.
Except as described below, Wainwright does not have actual, or constructive, custody of client
assets.
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15.1.1. Deduction of Advisory Fees
Wainwright will be deemed to have custody as a result of its authority to notify the applicable
custodian of the client’s instruction to deduct its Advisory Consulting or Discretionary
Management Services fees from client accounts and remit that fee directly to Wainwright. This
arrangement is authorized between the client and their qualified custodian.
15.1.2. Capacity as General Partner
Wainwright Capital Partners, LLC (“WCAP”) is deemed to have custody of the Wainwright
Renaissance Fund’s assets by virtue of its capacity as the general partner of the fund. By extension,
Wainwright is deemed to have custody through WCAP, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wainwright,
and as the Administrative Manager of the Wainwright Renaissance Fund. WCAP and Wainwright
rely on the annual audit exemption provided under Rule 206(4)-2 of the Investment Advisers Act
of 1940 as amended, with respect to the Wainwright Renaissance Fund.
15.1.3. Capacity as Trustee
In a limited number of circumstances, IARs of Wainwright hold a position of trust such as in the
capacity as trustee or as a board member 10 for client accounts as a result of a family or personal
relationship with the client and not as a result of employment with Wainwright. Wainwright is not
deemed to have custody of these client assets. All such activity must receive prior approval from
their immediate supervisor and the CCO of Wainwright and is discussed within the context of the
Wainwright Investment Policy & Risk Management Committee semi-annual review and at the
ERISA & Position of Trust Oversight Committee quarterly meeting.
Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC
15.2.
Wainwright recommends Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC to domestic clients requesting guidance
on the selection of their custodian. In doing so, Wainwright takes into account the availability of
certain products and services and other arrangements provided by this custodian. Wainwright
considers the intrinsic value of these products and services when making this recommendation and
does not rely solely on the nature, cost or quality of custody and brokerage services provided by
this custodian, which creates a potential conflict of interest. See Item 12 – Brokerage Practices for
additional information. In the situation where a client elects to custody their assets at Pershing
Advisor Solutions, LLC, or another custodian acceptable to Wainwright, Wainwright will route
discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders through a trade execution platform provided by
Pershing Advisor Solutions, LLC for execution by Pershing, LLC.
10 If a supervised or related person of Wainwright is appointed as trustee solely as a result of a family or personal
relationship with the grantor or beneficiary of the trust, and not as a result of employment with Wainwright, the role
of the supervised person as trustee should not be imputed to Wainwright; thus Wainwright should not be deemed to
have custody of such client’s assets and therefore Wainwright should not be subject to the custody rule.
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Wainwright does not require any client to use any custodian recommended by Wainwright. Clients
may engage another custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is acceptable to Wainwright at
their discretion.
Interactive Brokers LLC
15.3.
In certain situations, Wainwright will recommend Interactive Brokers LLC to clients requesting
guidance on the selection of their custodian (e.g., non-U.S. clients). In doing so, Wainwright takes
into account the availability of certain products and services and other arrangements provided by
this custodian. Wainwright does not rely solely on the nature, cost or quality of custody and
brokerage services provided by this custodian, which creates a potential conflict of interest.
In the situation where a client elects to custody their assets at Interactive Brokers LLC, Wainwright
will route discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders through a trade execution platform
provided by Interactive Brokers LLC for execution. Unless otherwise directed, Interactive Brokers
LLC will select the market/dealer to which to route Customer's orders. Wainwright does not require
any client to use any custodian recommended by Wainwright. Clients may engage another
custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is acceptable to Wainwright at their discretion.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc
15.4.
Wainwright has an agreement with Charles Schwab & Co., Inc (“Schwab”) whereby Schwab
makes certain products and services available to Wainwright and its clients. In doing so,
Wainwright takes into account the availability of certain products and services and other
arrangements provided by this custodian. Wainwright considers the intrinsic value of these
products and services when making this recommendation and does not rely solely on the nature,
cost or quality of custody and brokerage services provided by this custodian, which creates a
potential conflict of interest. See Item 12 – Brokerage Practices for additional information.
In the situation where a client elects to custody their assets at Schwab, Wainwright will route
discretionary or non-discretionary trade orders through a trade execution platform provided by
Schwab. Unless otherwise directed, Schwab will select the market/dealer to which to route
Customer’s orders. Wainwright does not require any client to use any custodian recommended by
Wainwright. Clients may engage another qualified custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that
is acceptable to Wainwright at their discretion.
Other Custodians
15.5.
Clients may engage a qualified custodian and/or executing broker-dealer that is acceptable to
Wainwright at their discretion. Services provided will vary.
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Item 16 – Investment Discretion
Advisory Consulting Services
16.1.
Wainwright provides Advisory Consulting Services on a non-discretionary basis whereby the
Investment Adviser Representative will make investment recommendations to the client and the
client retains the ultimate authority to decide whether to accept, modify or reject the investment
recommendation. A non-discretionary account requires prior authorization or instruction from the
client to effect each transaction. Wainwright typically plays a key role in communicating the
client’s instructions to the relevant custodians, administrators and managers to communicate the
client’s instructions, to arrange, effect or otherwise facilitate the purchase or sale of the
recommended investments, including subscriptions in private funds and the allocation of separately
managed account assets among managers, and to ensure that each client’s investment decisions are
appropriately implemented.
Discretionary Management Services
16.2.
In a Discretionary Management Services arrangement, Wainwright will have investment discretion
over the purchase and sale of securities and other instruments in the client’s Discretionary
Management Services account. For each Discretionary Management Services account Wainwright
will determine which securities to buy or sell11, the number of shares to be bought or sold, and the
timing of the transaction. Each Discretionary Management Services client agrees to grant
Wainwright discretionary trading authority by way of its written Discretionary Management
Services agreement which includes, but is not limited to, a description of the terms of Wainwright’s
Discretionary Management Services, a description of Wainwright’s compensation for those
services and important disclosures. See Item 15 – Custody.
While a Discretionary Management Services client will have the ultimate authority to select an
executing broker-dealer for their respective account, Wainwright is available to provide guidance
or recommendations regarding the selection of an executing broker-dealer. Each account’s IAR
and their supervisor are primarily responsible for oversight and review of the Discretionary
Management Services account. Wainwright’s Investment Policy & Risk Management Committee
supplements this oversight through semi-annual client account reviews. See Item 13 – Review of
Accounts for additional information.
Hedge Fund Advisory Services
16.3.
16.3.1. Wainwright Renaissance Fund 1, L.P.
The Wainwright Renaissance Fund invests substantially all of its assets into a single investment:
the Renaissance Institutional Equities Fund LLC Series BB (“RIEF”) (see Item 4.8).
11 The buying or selling activity could include the purchase or sale of a listed option and the initiation of (or the covering
of) a short sale.
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Wainwright is not affiliated with RIEF or any of RIEF’s affiliates. Neither Wainwright nor any of
its affiliates or related persons have any involvement in the day-to-day management of the portfolio
positions or trading within RIEF. Wainwright serves as the Administrative Manager of the
Wainwright Renaissance Fund.
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
Advisory Consulting Services
17.1.
Without the prior written consent by the CEO and CCO and the authority granted by the Advisory
Consulting Services client, Wainwright does not vote proxies on behalf of its Advisory Consulting
Services clients. Advisory Consulting Services clients will retain voting responsibility and will
receive proxy materials directly from their custodian(s). These clients may contact Wainwright’s
CCO with questions about a particular solicitation or ballot. Otherwise, Wainwright does not take
any action or render any advice with respect to the voting of proxies solicited by, or with respect
to, the securities held by Advisory Consulting Services clients.
Wainwright does not vote proxies on behalf of any state regulated pension fund or ERISA client.
Discretionary Management Services
17.2.
Typically, unless provided for otherwise, Discretionary Management Services clients will retain
voting responsibility and will receive proxy materials directly from their custodian(s). These
clients may contact Wainwright’s CCO with questions about a particular solicitation or ballot.
Otherwise, Wainwright does not take any action or render any advice with respect to the voting of
proxies solicited by, or with respect to, the securities held by Wainwright’s Discretionary
Management Services clients.
In limited circumstances, and with the prior written consent of Wainwright’s CEO and CCO,
Wainwright will accept authority to vote proxies on behalf of Discretionary Management Services
clients. Under such arrangements, Wainwright exercises voting authority over proxies in
accordance with the client-specific proxy voting guidelines. While unlikely, if a proxy matter raises
a material conflict between Wainwright’s interests and the interests of the clients, Wainwright will
disclose the matter to the client and seek to resolve the conflict in the best interest of the client. In
such limited circumstances, the client may obtain information about how Wainwright voted the
client’s securities and/or obtain a copy of the client-specific proxy voting policies and procedures
by contacting Compliance@winvcounsel.com, or by calling Wainwright at 617-531-3100.
Hedge Fund Advisory Services
17.3.
Wainwright does not vote proxies on behalf of any fund to which it provides Hedge Fund Advisory
Services.
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Class Actions and Other Legal Proceedings
17.4.
From time to time, clients may receive notices of class action litigation, bankruptcy proceedings
and settlements involving a security held in a client portfolio. These notices provide the client the
opportunity, as a shareholder, to participate in the proposed litigation or the settlement of claims.
The responsibility and authority for responding to class actions and other legal proceedings rests
solely with the registered shareholder or legally appointed agent (i.e. custodian) of the client or the
client’s attorney. The decision regarding whether to file a proof of claim in a class action settlement
or other legal proceeding is a question involving legal judgment. Neither Wainwright nor its
affiliates provide legal advice or represent or facilitate class action claims or participate in other
legal proceedings on behalf of clients. Furthermore, Wainwright and its affiliates do not instruct
or give advice as to whether or not a client should participate as a member of a class action lawsuit
or participate in other legal proceedings and will not file claims on behalf of its clients. For any
client who determines they wish to participate as a member of the class, upon request, Wainwright
will provide supporting documentation pertaining to their account that may be helpful and/or
required in order for the client to file a proof of claim. Any claims forwarded by a client to
Wainwright will not be returned to the client and Wainwright will not submit such claim on behalf
of the client. Clients are strongly urged to consult with appropriate legal counsel before evaluating,
responding to and participating in any class action litigation or other legal proceedings.
Item 18 – Financial Information
Wainwright does not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six
months or more in advance. Wainwright has no financial commitment that is reasonably likely to
impair its ability to meet contractual commitments to its clients, and has not been the subject of any
bankruptcy petition.
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