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Lavelle Capital LP
345 California St, Ste 600
San Francisco, CA 94104
compliance@lavellecapital.com
Telephone: 415-501-9987
March 31, 2025
FORM ADV PART 2A
BROCHURE
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Lavelle Capital
LP . If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, contact us at 415-501-9987. The
information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about Lavelle Capital LP is available on the SEC's website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Lavelle Capital LP is a registered investment adviser. Registration with the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission or any state securities authority does not imply a certain level of skill or
training.
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Item 2 Summary of Material Changes
Form ADV Part 2 requires registered investment advisers to amend their brochure when information
becomes materially inaccurate. If there are any material changes to an adviser's disclosure brochure,
the adviser is required to notify you and provide you with a description of the material changes.
Since the filing of our last annual updating amendment, dated March 22, 2024, we have the
following material changes to report.
The Firm has changed its Primary Business Name from VSR Capital Management LP to
Lavelle Capital
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Item 3 Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page
Item 2 Summary of Material Changes
Item 3 Table of Contents
Item 4 Advisory Business
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Item 7 Types of Clients
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Item 15 Custody
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
Item 18 Financial Information
Item 19 Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
Item 20 Additional Information
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Item 4 Advisory Business
Lavelle Capital LP ("Lavelle"), is a Delaware limited partnership that was formed on August 25, 2021.
Lavelle's general partner is VSR Capital LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that was also
formed on that date. Sanjeev Rao is Lavelle's Managing Partner and controls Lavelle and VSR Capital
LLC.
Lavelle Capital LP ("Lavelle") is the new name of VSR Capital Management LP. Lavelle Capital LP
(Formerly VSR Capital ManagementLP), now conducts business exclusively as Lavelle Capital.
As of December 31, 2024, we provide continuous management services for $305,488,246 in client
assets on a discretionary basis
Services Offered
Lavelle offers investment management and other services. Lavelle also may form or manage one or
more private investment funds (each, an "SPV") in the future that make specific investments on behalf
of its clients and other investors in private companies, private investment funds or other types of
investments.
The scope of Lavelle's advisory services varies depending on the specific arrangement with each
client. The range of investment advisory services Lavelle provides includes one or more of the
following (this is not an exclusive list, and our arrangements differ materially among our clients).
Investment Management Services
Lavelle generally provides investment management services on a discretionary basis. If granted
discretionary authorization to make trades in client accounts, Lavelle effects transactions without the
client's prior consent. From time-to-time Lavelle may engage, or recommend that clients engage, third
party investment management firms ("Independent Managers") to manage assets in the form of
separately managed accounts or through private investment funds. Fees for third party managers are
in addition to any fees charged by Lavelle.
To tailor its services to the individual needs of each individually managed account, Lavelle:
• Manages each such account based on the client's financial situation and investment objectives
and in accordance with any restrictions that the client imposes on managing the account.
• At least annually, contacts each client (either in person or by telephone) to ask about any
changes in the client's financial situation or investment objectives and whether the client desires
to impose or modify any restrictions on managing the account.
• Notifies each client annually in writing to contact Lavelle if there are any changes in the client's
financial situation or investment objectives, or if the client desires to impose or modify any
restrictions on managing the account.
• Lavelle makes itself reasonably available to clients for consultation.
Other Services
Lavelle will provide additional services from time to time as clients request. Additional services may
include, but are not limited to, facilitating family governance, special projects, comprehensive risk
management, overseeing the establishment and administration of closely held client entities such as
trusts and foundations, execution of planning strategies, estate pre-administration, and oversight of
clients' legal and tax advisors.
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IRA Rollover Recommendations
Effective December 20, 2021 (or such later date as the US Department of Labor ("DOL") Field
Assistance Bulletin 2018-02 ceases to be in effect), for purposes of complying with the DOL's
Prohibited Transaction Exemption 2020-02 ("PTE 2020-02") where applicable, we are providing the
following acknowledgment to you.
When we provide investment advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or individual
retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing retirement
accounts. The way we make money creates some conflicts with your interests, so we operate under a
special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours. Under
this special rule's provisions, we must:
• Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give prudent
advice);
• Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice);
• Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
• Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best
interest;
• Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
• Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
We benefit financially from the rollover of your assets from a retirement account to an account that we
manage or provide investment advice, because the assets increase our assets under management
and, in turn, our advisory fees. As a fiduciary, we only recommend a rollover when we believe it is in
your best interest.
Special Purpose Vehicles ("SPVs")
SPV investors generally may not withdraw any capital from an SPV, except as otherwise provided in
an SPV's offering documents. For example, investors may be permitted to withdraw capital
periodically from an SPV that invests in a private investment fund, if that fund itself permits
withdrawals. Distributions are made at Lavelle's discretion and at the end of the SPV's term, as
provided in the SPV's offering documents.
Non-Comprehensive List
The foregoing is not a comprehensive list of services that Lavelle provides to clients, nor are the
descriptions necessarily the only ways in which the services are provided. Clients should refer to their
client and service agreements for information regarding the services applicable to them.
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Investment Management and Other Services
Clients generally are charged a fixed fee, or a fee based on a percentage of the net market value of
the assets placed under Lavelle's management, typically, 0.5%, subject to a minimum of $50,000.
Fees are negotiable on a client-by-client basis, however, and are determined based on a number of
factors including but not limited to the amount and type of work involved, the size of the relative
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portfolios and the amount of Lavelle's resources dedicated to providing the services. Clients will be
billed on a quarterly basis in advance, based on the settlement date balances on the closing day of the
prior quarter as reflected on client statements.
A client may terminate its agreement with 90 days' written notice at any time prior to the expiration date
of the agreement.
Also, as further discussed in Item 10 below, Lavelle will select Independent Managers from those
made available by brokers that act as custodians and brokers for Lavelle's client accounts, such as
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. ("Schwab") or Fidelity Brokerage Services and National Financial
Services, LLC (together, "Fidelity"). Independent Managers that Lavelle recommends to clients charge
fees in addition to and separately from Lavelle's fees and typically bill clients on a quarterly basis.
Those fees and other terms may be disclosed to clients in each Independent Manager's Form ADV, in
the information provided by the brokers to Lavelle or its clients, or in the account agreements executed
by the brokers and Lavelle and the client. Also, brokerage firms such as Schwab and Fidelity charge
custodial fees and brokerage commissions and transaction fees for effecting certain securities
transactions (i.e., transaction fees are charged for individual securities, certain no-load mutual funds
and certificates of deposit, and commissions and fees are charged for individual securities
transactions). Lavelle may elect to cause client accounts to pay an asset-based fee to the brokerage
firm with respect to some or all of the assets held in the client account. Brokerage firms may charge a
client account additional fees for certain services even when the client account pays an asset-based
fee.
Lavelle typically debits a client's account, if custodied at Schwab, for any amount owing to Lavelle. If
Lavelle causes a client's Schwab custodied account to pay directly, Lavelle submits an automatic
payment on behalf of the client via Schwab given discretionary agreement between Lavelle and
client. Each client will receive from Schwab at a minimum a quarterly account statement confirming
the quarterly fee.
In addition to Lavelle's fees, fees charged by Independent Managers, custodial fees, brokerage
commissions, transaction fees and asset-based fees, a client account that invests in mutual funds or
exchange-traded funds will also incur charges imposed at the fund level (e.g. management fees, and
other expenses).
For clients who invest in SPVs in addition to maintaining a managed account, SPV-related fees
(management and performance-based) are charged separately and in addition to any advisory fees on
public or liquid assets.
SPVs
Lavelle or its affiliate will receive a performance-based carried interest distribution on a liquidity event
or annual performance-based profit allocation, as detailed in each SPV's offering materials. Lavelle
also may receive a management fee as detailed in each SPV's offering materials. As a result of the
carried interest distribution or profit allocation, returns realized by SPV investors are substantially less
than the returns they would realize from engaging in the same activities directly. Relationships with
SPVs are terminable on expiration of the SPV's term, on dissolution of the partnership or on a
withdrawal by Lavelle or its affiliate as the SPV's general partner. SPV investors generally may not
withdraw any capital from an SPV, except as otherwise provided in an SPV's offering documents.
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If a client is also paying a discretionary advisory fee to Lavelle, the value of that client's SPV
investment may be included in the fee calculation unless otherwise agreed. Lavelle does not charge
both performance-based fees and advisory fees on the same assets unless explicitly disclosed.. In
addition, SPVs may invest in other private funds. In that case, SPVs will incur fees and expenses
imposed by that private fund (e.g., management fees, performance-based fees, and other expenses).
General Disclosures
Lavelle believes that its fees are competitive with fees charged by other investment advisers for
comparable services. Comparable services may be available, however, from other sources for lower
fees.
The disclosure in this Item 5, together with the disclosure in Item 12, allow a plan that is subject to the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and that invests with Lavelle to use the "alternative
reporting option" to report Lavelle's compensation as "eligible indirect compensation" on Schedule C of
the plan's Form 5500 Annual Return/Report of Employee Benefit Plan.
Lavelle complies with Rule 205-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, to the extent required by
applicable law. Performance-based fees, profit allocations and carried interest distributions may create
an incentive for Lavelle to make more risky and speculative investments than it would otherwise make.
On termination of any client account, expenses, the pro rata portion of the management fee through
the date of termination are charged to the account. All prepaid but unearned advisory fees are
refunded on termination of a client's account.
Each account is responsible for its own costs and expenses, including trading costs and expenses
(such as brokerage commissions, expenses related to short sales, and clearing and settlement
charges), ongoing legal, accounting, and bookkeeping fees and expenses, and the fees and expenses
charged by any fund administrator for its accounting, bookkeeping and other services. Lavelle bears
its own operating, general, administrative, and overhead costs and expenses, other than the expenses
described above or as detailed in the SPVs' offering documents. All or part of these costs and
expenses may be paid, however, by securities brokerage firms that execute clients' securities trades,
as discussed in Item 12 below.
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Lavelle receives performance-based compensation (i.e., carried interest) in certain SPV vehicles it
manages. As required under Rule 205-3 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Lavelle Capital only
charges such fees to 'qualified clients' as defined in the Rule.
Lavelle has an incentive to allocate investment opportunities to the SPVs instead of its client accounts
from which it does not receive performance-based compensation.
Lavelle Capital does not receive performance-based fees on individual discretionary accounts; such
fees apply only in SPV structures
To seek to address these conflicts of interest, among other actions, Lavelle allocates investment
opportunities among its clients in accordance with its allocation policy.
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Item 7 Types of Clients
Lavelle provides investment management and other services to high-net-worth families, corporations,
LLCs or other entities, and trusts, estates, or charitable organizations. Lavelle also may form and
manage SPVs, which will be offered to its clients and to other investors. Lavelle generally requires a
minimum of $20,000,000 to open an individually managed account or provide other services but may
waive this minimum. SPV investors are required to invest a minimum of $250,000, but Lavelle may
waive this minimum.
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Investment Strategy - Investment Management and Other Services
Lavelle evaluates each client's investments and discusses with the client their financial objectives.
Lavelle will propose a portfolio to help clients attain their financial goals. In designing investment plans
for clients, Lavelle relies upon the information supplied by the client and client's other professional
advisors. Such information may pertain to the client's financial situation, estate planning, tax planning,
risk management, short-term and long-term lifetime financial goals and objectives, investment time
horizon, and perceived current tolerance for risk. Lavelle develops a diversified investment portfolio by
mixing different assets in varying proportions depending on client objectives and current economic
climate.
Investment Strategy - SPVs
The SPVs' investment objective is to realize long-term capital appreciation through specific
investments in private companies, private investment funds or other types of investments. These
investments typically have a time horizon of three or more years (and may in some cases have a
significantly longer time horizon).
All Clients
The investment strategies summarized above represent Lavelle's current intentions, are general in
nature and are not exhaustive. There are no limits on the types of securities in which Lavelle may take
positions on behalf of its clients, the types of positions that it may take, the concentration of its
investments or the amount of leverage that it may use. Lavelle may use any trading or investment
techniques, whether or not contemplated by the expected investment strategies described above. In
addition, there are limitations in describing any investment strategy due to its complexity,
confidentiality, and indefinite nature. Depending on conditions and trends in securities and
commodities markets and the economy generally, Lavelle may pursue any objectives or use any
techniques that it considers appropriate and in its clients' interest.
Risk Factors
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. Below are some of
the risks that investors should consider before investing in any account that Lavelle or an Independent
Manager manages. Any or all of such risks could materially and adversely affect investment
performance, the value of any account or any security held in an account and could cause investors to
lose substantial amounts of money.
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Below is only a brief summary of some of the risks that a client or an investor may encounter.
Potential SPV investors should review such fund's offering materials carefully and, in their entirety, and
consult with their professional advisers before deciding whether to invest. The risks described below
also generally apply to individually managed accounts. A potential client should discuss with Lavelle's
representatives any questions that such person may have before opening an account.
Risk Factors Applicable to All Clients
• Client accounts may not achieve their investment objectives. A strategy may not be successful,
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and investors may lose some or all of their investment.
Investor sentiment on the market, an industry or an individual stock, fixed income or other
security is not predictable and can adversely affect an account's investments.
• An account may hold stocks that disappoint earnings expectations and decline and may short
stocks that beat earnings expectations and rise.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may not be able to obtain complete or accurate information
about an investment and may misinterpret the information that it does receive. Lavelle or an
Independent Manager also may receive material, non-public information about an issuer that
prevents it from trading securities of that issuer for a client when the client could make a profit
or avoid losses.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may take positions in securities of small, unseasoned
companies that are less actively traded and more volatile than those of larger companies.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may engage in hedging, which may reduce profits,
increase expenses and cause losses. Price movement in a hedging instrument and the
security hedged do not always correlate, resulting in losses on both the hedged security and
the hedging instrument. Lavelle or an Independent Manager is not obligated to hedge a client's
portfolio positions, and it frequently may not do so.
• An account may have higher portfolio turnover and transaction costs than a similar account
managed by another investment adviser. These costs reduce investments and potential profit
or increase loss.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may sell securities short, resulting in a theoretically
unlimited risk of loss if the prices of the securities sold short increase.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may use leverage by borrowing on margin, selling
securities short and trading futures, other commodity interests and derivatives, which increases
volatility and risk of loss. These instruments can be difficult to value. An incorrect valuation
could result in losses.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may sell covered and uncovered options on securities.
The sale of uncovered options could result in unlimited losses.
• Counterparties such as brokers, dealers, custodians, and administrators with which Lavelle
does business on behalf of clients may default on their obligations. For example, a client may
lose its assets on deposit with a broker, if the broker, its clearing broker or an exchange
clearing house becomes bankrupt.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may cause a client to enter into repurchase agreements or
reverse repurchase agreements. These instruments can have effects similar to margin trading
and leveraging strategies.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may cause clients to invest in securities of non-U.S.,
private and government issuers. The risks of these investments include political risks;
economic conditions of the country in which the issuer is located; limitations on foreign
investment in any such country; currency exchange risks; withholding taxes; limited information
about the issuer; limited liquidity; and limited regulatory oversight.
• Changes in economic conditions can adversely affect investment performance. At times,
economic conditions in the U.S. and elsewhere have deteriorated significantly, resulting in
volatile securities markets and large investment losses. Government actions responding to
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these conditions could lead to inflation and other negative consequences to investors.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may acquire for a client a large position in an issuer's
securities but the client nevertheless is unlikely to have any control over the issuer's
management. In addition, if Lavelle or an Independent Manager holds a large position in an
issuer's securities, it could depress the market for those securities.
• Some of an account's positions may be or become illiquid, in which case Lavelle or an
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Independent Manager may not be able to sell such positions.
An account may invest in restricted securities that are subject to long holding periods or that
are not traded in public markets. These securities are difficult or impossible to sell at prices
comparable to the market prices of similar publicly traded securities and may never become
publicly traded.
• An account's investments may not be diversified. Therefore, a loss in any one position,
industry, or sector in which an account has invested may cause significant losses.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager determines the value of securities and commodities held in
client accounts, whether or not a public market exists for such instruments. If Lavelle's or an
Independent Manager's valuation is inaccurate, it might receive more compensation than that to
which it is entitled. For SPVs and private investments where no active market exists, Lavelle
Capital determines the fair value of securities using reasonable methodologies. These may
include third-party pricing inputs, recent financing rounds, financial performance updates,
industry comparables, or other relevant information. These valuations are unaudited, may be
inherently subjective, and could differ materially from the price ultimately realized upon a sale or
exit.
• Lavelle, any Independent Manager and their affiliates and agents generally are not responsible
to any client or investor for losses incurred in an account unless the conduct resulting in such
loss breached Lavelle's or the Independent Manager's fiduciary duty to the client or investor or
otherwise breached the standard of care applicable under the account agreement or fund
documents.
• Lavelle is not registered with the SEC as a broker-dealer, or with the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission as a commodity pool operator or commodity trading adviser. The equity
interests in the SPVs are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, and the SPVs are not
registered investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Lavelle believes
that none of these registrations is required because exemptions are available under applicable
law. If a regulatory authority deems that any of these registrations is required, Lavelle and any
SPV could be subject to expensive legal action and potential termination. In addition, investors
in the SPVs do not have certain regulatory protection that they would have if these registrations
were in place.
• Lavelle's or an Independent Manager's activities could cause adverse tax consequences to
clients and investors, including liability for interest and penalties.
• Lavelle's or an Independent Manager's activities may cause an account that is subject to the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 to engage in a prohibited transaction under
that Act.
• Lavelle, the Independent Managers, and their affiliates may spend time on activities that
compete with an account without accountability to investors, including investing for other clients
and their own accounts. If Lavelle or an Independent Manager receives better compensation
and other benefits from managing other assets or client accounts, it has incentive to allocate
more time to those other activities.
• Lavelle or an Independent Manager may provide certain investors or clients more frequent or
detailed reports, special compensation arrangements and withdrawal rights that it does not
provide to other investors or clients.
• Some Independent Managers and managers of private funds in which SPVs invest are
compensated based on performance (including unrealized appreciation) during specific periods.
Such performance fee arrangements may create an incentive to make riskier investments.
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• Lavelle has no control over the day-to-day operations of any Independent Managers or private
funds in which SPVs invest. The success of those investments depends on the ability of the
Independent Managers or private fund managers, in addition to economic and market factors.
• An Independent Manager or private fund manager may deviate from its stated or expected
investment strategy over time ("style drift"). Lavelle relies primarily on information provided by
those managers in assessing their strategies. Style drift means that an SPV or account may be
exposed to particular markets or strategies to a greater or lesser extent than Lavelle
anticipated.
• Lavelle may not always be provided with detailed information for investments by Independent
Managers or for private funds in which SPVs invest. This lack of access to information may
make it more difficult for Lavelle to select, allocate assets among, and evaluate Independent
Managers and private funds. Lavelle may not learn of significant structural events, such as
personnel changes, major asset withdrawals or substantial capital growth, until after the fact.
SPV Risk Factors
• There is not and will not be an active market for SPV interests. It may be impossible to transfer
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any such interests, even in an emergency.
If an SPV becomes insolvent, investors may be required to return with interest any distributions
and forfeit any undistributed profits.
• An SPV may establish a reserve for contingencies if Lavelle considers it appropriate. Investors
may not distribute assets covered by that reserve until it is lifted.
• No client or investor has been represented by separate counsel. The attorneys who represent
Lavelle or its managing partner do not represent clients or investors. Clients and investors
must hire their own counsel for legal advice and representation.
• An SPV may dissolve or expel any investor at any time, even if such actions adversely affect
one or more investors.
• Lavelle, an administrator or any government agency may freeze assets that any of them
believes a client holds in violation of anti-money laundering laws or rules or on behalf of a
suspected terrorist and may transfer such assets to a government agency. None of Lavelle, an
SPV or an administrator will be liable for losses related to actions taken in an effort to comply
with anti-money laundering regulations.
• An SPV may take action with respect to an investor's investment or withdrawal/redemption
proceeds as it considers appropriate under relevant legislation and regulations, including but
not limited to the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, and any associated legislation,
regulations or guidance, or similar legislation, regulations or guidance enacted in any
jurisdiction that seeks to implement similar tax reporting and/or withholding tax regimes. Failure
by an investor to assist an SPV in meeting its obligations pursuant to such legislation and
regulations may result in pecuniary loss to that investor.
• An audit adjustment to an SPV's U.S. tax return for any tax year could result in a tax liability
(including interest and penalties) imposed on the SPV for the year during which the adjustment
is determined.
• The SPVs do not intend to make distributions until there is a liquidity event but intend instead to
reinvest substantially all income and gain. Therefore, an investor may have taxable income
from an SPV without a cash distribution to pay the related taxes.
• The SPVs are intended to extend over a period of years, during which the business, economic,
political, regulatory and technology environment within which they operate will change
substantially and perhaps adversely.
• The private companies in which the SPVs invest may be operating at a loss or with substantial
variations in operating results from period to period. Their securities can be volatile and trade at
very high multiples to current earnings, reflecting future growth that may not occur. Any such
private company may fail.
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• After an SPV makes an initial investment in a private company, that company could require
additional funding, or the SPV may have the opportunity to increase its investment in a
successful company (if any are successful). The SPV may not make follow-up investments. If
so, the company or the SPV's investment in that company could be adversely affected.
• The SPV's investments will likely be primarily minority positions. However, an SPV may have a
•
controlling interest in a portfolio company, which carries risks of liability for environmental
damage, product defects, pension and other employee benefits, failure to supervise
management, violation of laws (including securities laws), litigation and other liabilities for which
the limited liability generally afforded to investors may be ignored, resulting in significant losses.
Lavelle affiliates may serve as portfolio company directors, and as a result have duties to
persons other than the SPVs.
If an SPV has a controlling stake in, a representative on a board, or is deemed an affiliate of a
portfolio company, the SPV, Lavelle and their affiliates are subject to securities laws limiting the
liquidity of the SPV's interest, including insider trading restrictions, the affiliate sale restrictions
of Rule 144 of the Securities Act, and the disclosure requirements of Sections 13 and 16 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and liability for short-swing profits under Section 16. An SPV
is also likely to be subject to similar reporting requirements in non-U.S. jurisdictions where it
holds significant positions in public companies.
• The SPVs' realization of value from an investment in a private company depends largely on
successful completion of an initial public offering or the sale of the company, which may occur,
if at all, years after the SPV's investment.
• The success of a portfolio company may depend on Lavelle's ability to assist in restructuring
and improving its operations, which entails a high degree of uncertainty. Lavelle may not
successfully identify and implement such restructuring and improvements.
• Portfolio companies may have high levels of debt. Leveraged investments are more sensitive to
declines in revenues, increases in expenses and recessions, operating problems, and other
business and economic risks have a more pronounced effect on such investments. Leveraging
a portfolio company means that third parties, such as banks, are likely to be entitled to the cash
flow generated by such investments before an SPV. Debt also may not be available at attractive
rates. If a portfolio company cannot generate cash flow to meet its debt, an SPV is likely to lose
its investment in such company.
• The SPVs may make short-term unsecured loans to portfolio companies in anticipation of future
issuance of equity or long-term debt. Bridge loans typically convert into a long-term security, but
for reasons not always in Lavelle's control, conversion may not happen, and such bridge loans
may remain outstanding. The interest rate on such loans is not likely to reflect the risk of the
SPV's unsecured position.
• The SPVs invest in private securities for which competition is intense and the number of
potential purchasers and sellers, if any, is very limited. This factor limits the SPV's ability to
purchase these securities and the ability of an SPV or investors to sell securities distributed in
kind at their fair value. This risk is increased if SPVs hold a large portion of an issuer's voting
securities or have designated one or more directors.
• The SPVs may invest without having first established an exit strategy, based on Lavelle's
•
expectation that a strategy will be available at the appropriate time. Such expectations may be
wrong.
Investors subscribing for SPV interests at subsequent closings will participate in existing
investments at cost, diluting existing investors' interests. Subsequent investors will contribute
their pro rata share of previous capital draws, which may not reflect the fair value of existing
investments at the time of such additional subscriptions.
• An SPV may make investments that it cannot dispose of before the SPV is dissolved. It may
have to sell, distribute, or otherwise dispose of such investments at a disadvantage.
• The SPVs may enter into joint ventures or other co-investments. These co-venturers may have
financial difficulties, interests that are inconsistent with those of the SPVs, take (or block) action
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contrary to the SPVs' interests or enter into compensation arrangements that reduce the returns
to investors. The SPVs may be liable for actions of co-venturers.
• Lavelle may recall distributions previously made to investors to satisfy the SPVs' obligations
and liabilities (including their indemnification obligations to Lavelle and related parties).
• The SPVs' interests could be held by institutional investors, such as public pension plans and
listed funds, that are subject to public disclosure requirements. The amount of information about
their investments that must be disclosed has increased in recent years, and that trend is likely
to continue. Such disclosure could adversely affect the SPVs. To prevent such disclosure,
Lavelle may withhold information that otherwise would be provided to public investors.
• Lavelle makes capital calls at its discretion based on its assessment of the SPVs' needs and
opportunities. Capital calls are not conditional and do not depend on the performance or
prospects of an SPV. To satisfy capital calls, investors may need to maintain a substantial
portion of their commitment in assets that are readily converted to cash.
• An investor's failure to make a capital call will result in sale or forfeiture of the investor's SPV
interest. The defaulting investor will also be liable for the expenses of such default. Some
investors may be prohibited or excused from making capital contributions, including investors
regulated by ERISA and some governmental or quasi-governmental investors. If an investor
fails to pay any of its capital commitment, an SPV may be unable to pay its obligations when
due and may be subject to significant penalties that could materially adversely affect investor
returns (including those of non-defaulting investors). Non-defaulting investors may have to
increase their contributions, further increasing their risk of loss.
• Some investors participate in an SPV through their own special purpose vehicles or other
structures that limit the SPV's recourse against them for amounts not paid or contributed.
Lavelle generally is not obligated to confirm the creditworthiness of any investor or exclude any
investor based on creditworthiness.
• Lavelle may make SPV distributions in kind rather than in cash. These proceeds may not be
readily marketable. If securities are distributed into a liquidating entity and sold by the SPV for
the benefit of a withdrawing investor, the investor has no control over when and at what price
the securities are sold and is likely to receive significantly less than it would have if a distribution
had been paid in cash.
• SPVs are not diversified. Each holds only one investment. If an SPV investment is not
successful, the SPV and its investors will lose money.
• Federal, state, and international governments may increase regulation of investment advisers,
private investment funds and derivative securities, which may increase the time and resources
that Lavelle must devote to regulatory compliance, to the detriment of investment activities.
The above is only a brief summary of some of the important risks that a client or an investor may
encounter. Before deciding to invest in an SPV, you should carefully consider all of the risk factors and
other information in the SPV's offering materials.
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Lavelle Capital has no reportable disciplinary information.
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
As described above, Lavelle may form or manage SPVs. Affiliates of Lavelle may serve as general
partners of those SPVs.
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Lavelle Capital is affiliated with Lavelle First LLC, a separately organized entity that provides fund
operations and administrative support services to certain private investment vehicles (SPVs) formed or
managed by Lavelle Capital. Lavelle First LLC operates independently but is under common control
with Lavelle Capital. Services provided by Lavelle First LLC may include fund accounting, investor
communications, capital activity tracking, and coordination with third-party fund administrators.
Lavelle will, in many cases, select Independent Managers from those made available by brokers that
act as custodians and brokers for Lavelle's client accounts, such as Schwab or Fidelity. In most cases,
Independent Managers are obligated to execute all transactions for client accounts through those
brokers. As discussed in Item 4 above, Independent Managers that Lavelle recommends to client
accounts charge fees in addition to and separately from Lavelle\'s fees. Lavelle will continue to render
investment supervisory services with respect to assets managed by Independent Managers through
ongoing monitoring and review of account performance, asset allocation and client investment
objectives. Factors which Lavelle considers in recommending any such Independent Manager include
the client account's designated investment objectives, and the Independent Manager's management
style, performance, reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing, and research. When Lavelle
selects an Independent Manager to manage a portion of a client account, a conflict of interest arises
because the client account must pay additional fees that it would not otherwise have to pay if Lavelle
managed the account directly. Lavelle addresses this conflict by selecting Independent Managers that
Lavelle believes are better suited than Lavelle to manage those portions of client accounts for which
they were hired to manage.
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
Lavelle has adopted a Code of Ethics in compliance with Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, that establishes standards of conduct for Lavelle's supervised persons. The Code of
Ethics includes general requirements that Lavelle's supervised persons comply with their fiduciary
obligations to clients and applicable securities laws, and specific requirements relating to, among other
things, personal trading, insider trading, conflicts of interest and confidentiality of client information. It
requires supervised persons to comply with the personal trading restrictions described below and
periodically to report their personal securities transactions and holdings to Lavelle's Compliance Officer
and requires the Compliance Officer to review those reports. It also requires supervised persons to
report any violations of the Code of Ethics promptly to the Compliance Officer. Each supervised
person of Lavelle receives a copy of the Code of Ethics and any amendments to it and must
acknowledge in writing having received those materials. Annually, each supervised person must
certify that he or she complied with the Code of Ethics during the preceding year. Clients and
prospective clients may obtain a copy of Lavelle's Code of Ethics by contacting Brian Panter at 415-
501-9987.
The Chief Compliance officer ("CCO") will review all employee's reports submitted pursuant to
the Code of Ethics for potential issues. The CCO's trades and reporting has been delegated to an
alternate staff member for review. Upon review, each report will be initialed and dated, and a written
description of any issues noted will be documented. Personal trading that appears problematic may
result in further inquiry by the CCO or other senior management.
Under Lavelle's Code of Ethics, Lavelle and its partners, officers and employees may personally invest
in securities of the same classes as Lavelle's purchases for clients and may own securities of issuers
whose securities that Lavelle subsequently purchases for clients. This practice creates a conflict of
interest in that any of such persons can use his or her knowledge about actual or proposed securities
transactions and recommendations for a client account to profit personally by the market effect of such
transactions and recommendations. To address this conflict, except as described in Item 12 regarding
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aggregating securities transactions, if Lavelle purchases or sells a security for clients and any of
Lavelle and its partners, officers and employees on the same day, either the clients and Lavelle and its
partners, officers and employees pay or receive the same price, or the clients receive the more
favorable price. Lavelle and its partners, officers and employees may also buy or sell specific securities
for their own accounts based on personal investment considerations aside from company or industry
fundamentals, which Lavelle does not believe appropriate to buy or sell for clients.
With respect to client accounts over which Lavelle has discretionary authority, Lavelle has complete
discretion over the selection and amount of securities to be bought or sold without obtaining specific
client consent. Because Lavelle manages more than one account, there are conflicts of interest over
its time devoted to managing any one account and allocating investment opportunities among all
accounts that it manages. For example, Lavelle selects investments for each client based solely on
investment considerations for that client. Different clients may have differing investment strategies and
expected levels of trading. Lavelle may give advice to, and take action on behalf of, any of its clients
that differs from the advice that it gives or the timing or nature of action that it takes on behalf of any
other client, and may buy or sell a security for one type of client but not for another, or may buy (or sell)
a security for one type of client while simultaneously selling (or buying) the same security for another
type of client. Lavelle seeks, to the extent practicable, to allocate investment opportunities to its clients
fairly and equitably over time (subject to its Limited Offering Allocation Policy described below).
Many of the investment opportunities that may become available are limited offerings such as venture
investments in private companies, investments in other private investment funds or other opportunities.
Lavelle has established an allocation policy (the "Limited Offering Allocation Policy") that gives it
considerable discretion in deciding whether to (a) offer such opportunity to existing clients directly, (b)
form an SPV to make such investment and make such SPV available to clients and other investors
who are not clients and Lavelle and its personnel and affiliates, or (c) invest for its own benefit (without
offering such opportunity to clients or the SPVs).
Such decisions are and can be based on subjective determinations and Lavelle often makes
allocations based on a number of factors, including: (1) the range of expected returns on that
investment to participating clients; (2) strategic factors, such as the impact of Lavelle's, a particular
client's or an SPV investor's participation in the investment (by providing, for example, technical
knowledge, industry connections, or the "halo effect" of a prominent investor); (3) the likelihood of
Lavelle's clients being offered future limited investment opportunities; (4) the amount of time available
to make the investment decision and execute the investment; (5) the confidentiality required with
respect to the investment opportunity; and (6) Lavelle's interest in establishing or expanding a
relationship with a client, referral source or "deal flow" provider. To the extent that Lavelle allocates
capacity to third parties, that reduces the investment capacity that would otherwise be available for its
clients.
Lavelle also allocates a certain percentage of many offerings to itself or to its personnel, to create
alignment with its clients and to provide opportunities to its personnel to participate, alongside clients,
in the outcomes of investment decisions that it makes and recommends to clients. This can be done
directly (e.g., by an allocation to Lavelle or an affiliated entity) or indirectly (e.g., by Lavelle personnel
investing in an SPV).
Lavelle has numerous conflicts of interests in administering the Limited Offering Allocation Policy. For
example, Lavelle has an incentive to allocate opportunities to the SPVs whenever the economic
management terms of those funds are more lucrative than the arrangements it has with its other
clients. Also, clients who are important to Lavelle for financial or other reasons may receive larger,
more frequent, or more attractive allocations of limited investment opportunities. Smaller or less
profitable clients may not receive the volume of allocations that they would have received under a
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mechanical allocation methodology. Also, Lavelle can (and often does) make allocation decisions that
take into account the effects on its reputation as a good investor and partner; while Lavelle believes
that influencers holding Lavelle in high regard benefits all of its clients over time, any such assessment
is inherently conflicted and subjective.
Lavelle seeks to allocate opportunities fairly over time in a manner that reflects clients' investment
profiles, engagement levels, and relationship status, while maintaining the firm's fiduciary obligations.
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
With respect to client accounts over which Lavelle has discretionary authority, Lavelle has complete
discretion in selecting the broker that it uses for client transactions and the commission rates that
clients pay such brokers. In selecting a broker for any transaction or series of transactions, Lavelle
may consider a number of factors, including, for example:
• special execution capabilities;
• willingness to execute related or unrelated difficult transactions in the future; willingness to
commit capital; knowledge of buyers and sellers;
financial strength and stability;
the availability of stocks to borrow for short trades.
• block trading and block positioning capabilities;
• efficiency of execution and error resolution;
• order of call;
• offering to Lavelle on-line access to computerized data regarding clients' accounts;
• computer trading systems;
• clearance, settlement, and reputation;
•
• custody, recordkeeping. and similar services;
• quotation services; and
•
Lavelle may also purchase from a broker or allow a broker to pay for the following (each a "soft dollar"
relationship):
research reports, services, and conferences, including third-party research fees;
•
• economic and market information; portfolio strategy advice; industry and company comments;
technical data; consultations;
•
• periodical subscription fees;
• performance measurement data;
• on-line pricing; and
• news wire and data processing charges.
Lavelle may receive soft dollar credits based on principal, as well as agency, securities transactions
with brokers or direct a broker that executes transactions to share some of its commissions with a
broker that provides soft dollar benefits to Lavelle.
Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provides a "safe harbor" to investment advisers
who use commission dollars of their advised accounts to obtain investment research and brokerage
services that provide lawful and appropriate assistance to the adviser in performing investment
decision-making responsibilities. Conduct outside of the safe harbor of section 28(e) is subject to the
traditional standards of fiduciary duty under state and federal law. If Lavelle uses commission dollars
to pay for products or services that provide administrative or other non-research assistance to itself or
its affiliates, such payments may not fall within the section 28(e) safe harbor.
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Lavelle may pay to a broker commissions and mark-ups that exceed those that another broker might
charge for effecting the same transaction because of the value of the brokerage, research, other
services and soft dollar relationships that such broker provides. Lavelle determines in good faith that
such compensation is reasonable in relation to the value of such brokerage, research, other services
and soft dollar relationships, in terms of either the specific transaction or Lavelle's overall fiduciary duty
to its clients. An account may, however, pay higher commissions and mark-ups than are otherwise
available or may pay more commissions or mark-ups based on account trading activity. The research
and other benefits resulting from Lavelle's brokerage relationships benefit Lavelle's operations as a
whole and all accounts that it manages, including those that do not generate the soft dollars that pay
for such research and other benefits and accounts of clients that direct Lavelle to use a broker that
does not provide Lavelle with soft dollar services. Lavelle does not allocate soft dollar benefits to client
accounts proportionately to the soft dollar credits that the accounts generate.
Lavelle's relationships with brokers that provide soft dollar services influence Lavelle's judgment and
create conflicts of interest in allocating brokerage business between firms that provide soft dollar
services and firms that do not, and in allocating the costs of mixed-use products between their
research and non-research use. Lavelle has an incentive to select or recommend a broker based on
Lavelle's interest in receiving soft dollar services rather than clients' interest in receiving the most
favorable execution. These conflicts of interest are particularly influential to the extent that Lavelle
uses soft dollars to pay expenses it would otherwise be required to pay itself.
Lavelle addresses these conflicts of interest by annually evaluating the trade execution services that
Lavelle receives from the brokers that it uses to execute trades for clients. Such evaluation includes
comparing those services to the services available from other brokers. Lavelle considers, among other
things, alternative market makers and market centers, the quality of execution services, the value of
continuing with various soft dollar services and adding or removing brokers, increasing or decreasing
targets for each broker and the appropriate level of commission rates.
In many cases, Lavelle will recommend an Independent Manager from a menu of choices provided by
a broker-dealer. Under some of these arrangements, a broker-dealer pays the Independent Manager's
fees, executes the client's portfolio transactions without commission charge, provides custodial
services for the client's assets, or some combination of these or other services, all for a single fee paid
by the client to the broker-dealer (a so-called "wrap fee" arrangement). Depending on the level of the
wrap fee charged by the broker-dealer, the amount of portfolio activity in the client's account, the value
of custodial and other services which are provided under the arrangement, and other factors, the wrap
fee may or may not exceed the aggregate cost of such services if they were to be provided separately
and if the Independent Manager were free to negotiate commissions and seek best price and
execution of transactions for the client's account.
Lavelle cannot assure that brokers that sponsor wrap fee arrangements (or other arrangements in
which a broker-dealer provides a selection of Independent Managers) provide best execution. For
example, an Independent Manager's trades generally are required to be directed solely to the broker-
dealer with whom the client has entered into the arrangement, and thus the Independent Manager may
not be free to seek best price and execution by placing transactions with other brokers or dealers.
Additionally, to receive best execution an Independent Manager most often will execute large block
trades on behalf of all of its clients, then allocate the trade among eligible accounts. When directed
trades for a client's accounts are placed through a brokerage firm other than that which is executing
the block trade, those trades may trail the complete block trading program. The prices of those
securities may have already been impacted by the prior block trade, so that the cost or sales price of
securities in the directed account will not necessarily be the same as those executed as part of the
block. Therefore, performance of the client's account may differ from that of the Independent
Manager's other accounts.
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Lavelle may aggregate securities sale and purchase orders for a client with similar orders being made
contemporaneously for other accounts that Lavelle manages or with accounts of its affiliates. In such
event, Lavelle may charge or credit a client the average transaction price of all securities purchased or
sold in such transactions. As a result, however, the price may be less favorable to the client than it
would be if Lavelle were not executing similar transactions concurrently for other accounts. Lavelle
may also cause a client to buy or sell securities directly from or to another client if such a cross-
transaction is in the interests of both clients.
Lavelle may direct a certain amount of brokerage to a broker in return for the broker's referral of
prospective clients or investors. Directing brokerage in exchange for client or investor referrals creates
a conflict of interest in that Lavelle has an incentive to refer its clients' brokerage business to brokers to
which it might not otherwise direct transactions. During its last fiscal year, Lavelle did not direct client
transactions to a particular broker in return for client referrals.
If a client directs Lavelle to use a specific broker, Lavelle has not negotiated the terms and conditions
(including, among others, commission rates) relating to the services provided by such broker. Lavelle
is not responsible for obtaining from any such broker the best prices or particular commission rates. A
client that directs Lavelle to use a specific broker may not be able to participate in aggregate securities
transactions and may trade after such aggregate transactions and receive less favorable pricing and
execution. The client may pay higher commissions and mark-ups than it would pay if Lavelle had
discretion to select broker-dealers other than those that the client chooses.
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Lavelle's Managing Partner, Sanjeev Rao, reviews all accounts continuously. Those reviews take into
account such matters as asset allocation, cash management, the prospects of individual securities,
changes in issuer earnings, industry outlook, market outlook and price levels. Lavelle provides clients
with periodic performance updates, at a minimum annually.
Mr. Rao monitors the SPVs' investments continuously and takes into account the portfolio company's
or investment fund's outlook, prospects, and other factors in determining whether to recommend any
particular action with respect to those investments. Lavelle provides investors in the SPV with an
annual update regarding the performance of the underlying investment as well as any non-confidential
reports provided by the company or fund.
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Lavelle or its affiliates (including Mr. Rao) may receive economic benefits from Independent Managers
to which Lavelle refers its clients. Those Independent Managers may pay Lavelle or its affiliates a
portion of the fees they would otherwise receive.
Lavelle may engage solicitors to whom it pays cash, or a portion of the advisory fees paid by clients
referred to it by those solicitors. In such cases, this practice is disclosed in writing to the client and
Lavelle complies with the other requirements of Rule 206(4)-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of
1940, to the extent required by applicable law.
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Item 15 Custody
The custodian of each individually managed account sends account statements at least quarterly to
the client. Each client should carefully review those statements and compare them with the statements
that such client receives directly from Lavelle, if any. In relation to Special Purpose Vehicles, the firm is
required to have an annual audit of each vehicle and to provide the audited financials to each investor
within 120 days of fiscal year end.
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Lavelle has discretionary authority to manage investment accounts on behalf of clients pursuant to a
grant of authority in each SPV's limited partnership agreement or a limited power of attorney in each
client's account agreement.
In SPVs managed by Lavelle, investment decisions are made solely at Lavelle's discretion as General
Partner. Investors do not participate in individual investment decisions and have no discretion over
SPV assets.
Except for SPVs, such discretion is limited by the requirement that clients advise Lavelle of:
the investment objectives of the account;
•
• any changes or modifications to those objectives; and
• any specific investment restrictions relating to the account.
A client must promptly notify Lavelle in writing if the client considers any investments recommended or
made for the account to violate such objectives or restrictions. A client may at any time direct Lavelle
to sell any securities or take such other lawful actions as the client may specify to cause the account to
comply with the client's investment objectives. In addition, a client may notify Lavelle at any time not to
invest any funds in the client's account in specific securities or specific categories of securities.
Lavelle also may provide some clients with non-discretionary investment consulting services.
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
Lavelle votes all proxies on behalf of each account over which Lavelle has proxy voting authority based
on Lavelle's determination of such account's best interests. In determining whether a proposal serves
an account's best interests, Lavelle considers several factors, including:
•
•
•
•
•
the proposal's economic effect on shareholder value;
the threat that the proposal poses to the existing rights of shareholders;
the dilution of existing shares that would result from the proposal;
the effect of the proposal on management or director accountability to shareholders; and
if the proposal is a shareholder initiative, whether it wastes the time and resources of the
company or reflects the grievance of one individual.
Lavelle abstains from voting proxies when the Firm believes that it is appropriate to do so.
If a material conflict of interest over proxy voting arises between Lavelle and a client, Lavelle will vote
all proxies in accordance with the policy described above. If Lavelle determines that this policy does
not adequately address the conflict of interest, Lavelle will notify the client of the conflict and request
that the client consent to Lavelle's intended response to the proxy solicitation. If the client consents to
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Lavelle's intended response or fails to respond to the notice within a reasonable time specified in the
notice, Lavelle will vote the proxy as described in the notice. If the client objects in writing to Lavelle's
intended response, Lavelle will vote the proxy as the client directs.
For clients invested with third-party investment managers, the manager will vote the proxies on the
client's behalf if investment manager proxy option was selected on Schwab Account Opening Form or
supplemental update form.
A client can obtain a copy of Lavelle's proxy voting policy and a record of votes cast by Lavelle on
behalf of that client by contacting us..
Item 18 Financial Information
This item is not applicable. Lavelle Capital does not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200
in fees per client six months or more in advance and therefore is not required to provide a balance
sheet
Item 19 Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
We are a federally registered Investment Adviser; therefore, this section is not applicable.
Item 20 Additional Information
Trade Errors
In the event a trading error occurs in your account, our policy is to restore your account to the position
it should have been in had the trading error not occurred. Depending on the circumstances, corrective
actions may include canceling the trade, adjusting an allocation, and/or reimbursing the account.
Class Action Lawsuits
We will assist you, in conjunction with your legal counsel or other professionals, in filing claims with the
claims administrator to participate in any settlement proceeds related to class action settlements
involving a security held in your portfolio. We may also work with your legal counsel to determine
whether you are eligible to participate in class action litigation to recover damages on your behalf for
injuries as a result of actions, misconduct, or negligence by issuers of securities held in your portfolio.
Privacy Policy
Lavelle and any SPVs that may be formed in the future:
• collect non-public personal information about their clients and investors from the following
sources:
•
•
information received from clients or investors on applications or other forms, and
information about clients' or investors' transactions with Lavelle, its affiliates or others;
• do not disclose any non-public personal information about their clients or investors or former
•
clients or investors to anyone, except as permitted by law;
restrict access to non-public personal information about their clients and investors to their
employees who need to know that information to provide services to clients; and
• maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that comply with federal standards to
guard clients' and investors' personal information.
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