Overview
Assets Under Management: $3.5 billion
Headquarters: NEW YORK, NY
High-Net-Worth Clients: 14
Average Client Assets: $124 million
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Portfolio Management for Pooled Investment Vehicles
Clients
Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 14
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 50.43
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $124 million
Total Client Accounts: 33
Discretionary Accounts: 33
Regulatory Filings
CRD Number: 296362
Last Filing Date: 2024-03-28 00:00:00
Form ADV Documents
Primary Brochure: PINE RIDGE ADVISERS LLC - PART 2A (2025-03-28)
View Document Text
Pine Ridge Advisers LLC
450 Lexington Avenue, 38th Floor
New York, New York 10017
March 2025
Item 1 – Cover Page
FORM ADV PART
2A FIRM
BROCHURE
This brochure provides clients with information about the qualifications and business practices of Pine Ridge
Advisers LLC (“Pine Ridge” or the “Firm”). The information in this brochure has not been approved or
verified by the SEC or by any state securities authority. Registration does not imply that Pine Ridge or any
individual providing investment advisory services on behalf of Pine Ridge possess a certain level of skill or
training.
Please contact Pine Ridge at 212-273-0463 or steve@pineridgeadvisers.com if you have any questions about
the contents of this brochure. Additional information about Pine Ridge and its associated persons is available
on the Internet at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Item 2 – Material Changes
This is an annual amendment to Pine Ridge’s Form ADV and reflects changes since the Firm’s last annual
amendment filed on March 28, 2024. Since the last amendment, Pine Ridge notes there have been no material
changes to the Form ADV.
Investors are encouraged to review this brochure in its entirety. The information set forth in this brochure is
qualified in its entirety by the applicable offering and governing documents. In the event of a conflict between
the information set forth herein and the applicable offering and governing documents, the information set forth
in the applicable offering and governing documents shall control.
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 – Material Changes ............................................................................................................................ 2
Item 3 – Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 3
Item 4 - Advisory Business ............................................................................................................................ 4
Item 5 - Fees and Compensation .................................................................................................................. 5
Item 6 - Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ........................................................... 7
Item 7 - Types of Clients ............................................................................................................................... 7
Item 8 - Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ..................................................... 8
Item 9 - Disciplinary Information .............................................................................................................. 15
Item 10 - Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ................................................................ 15
Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ...... 16
Item 12 - Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................... 16
Item 13 - Review of Accounts ..................................................................................................................... 19
Item 14 - Client Referrals and Other Compensation ............................................................................... 20
Item 15 - Custody ........................................................................................................................................ 20
Item 16 - Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 20
Item 17 - Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................. 20
Item 18 - Financial Information ................................................................................................................. 21
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Item 4 - Advisory Business
A. The Company
Pine Ridge is a Delaware limited partnership that was founded in March 2018. The Firm’s principal place of
business is in New York, NY.
The principal owner of Pine Ridge is Baldo Fodera.
B. Advisory Services
Investment Management Services
Pine Ridge provides discretionary investment and non-discretionary advice and management services to a
pooled investment vehicle (the “Fund”) and separately managed accounts (each a “Separately Managed
Account” and collectively, “Managed Accounts”). Separately Managed Account clients are referred to herein
as “SMA Clients.”
Pine Ridge will create a customized asset allocation strategy to meet a client’s individual investment
objectives. Pine Ridge will review a client’s present financial situation, cash flow needs, tax status, existing
investments, investment restrictions (if any) and time horizon before determining portfolio allocations and
suitable investment managers. Pine Ridge will then set an investment policy that outlines the overall
investment objectives and goals, risks, restrictions, strategic asset allocation, investments and ranges, and
benchmarks for such clients. The investment policy will provide the principles under which Pine Ridge will
manage the client’s investment program.
Family Offices Services
If requested by the client, Pine Ridge may also provide the following additional family offices services:
• Bill paying;
• Check writing; and
• The coordination of professional and other services (i.e., accounting, legal, insurance, home repair,
property management, public relations).
C. Client Tailored Services and Client Imposed Restrictions
As detailed above, Pine Ridge will create a customized investment strategy to meet a client’s individual
investment objectives.
Generally, clients are permitted to impose reasonable restrictions on investing in certain securities or types
of securities in their advisory accounts, provided, however, that some restrictions may not be accommodated
when utilizing Exchange Traded Funds, private funds or with respect to certain third-party investment
managers. In addition, a restriction request may not be honored if it is fundamentally inconsistent with Pine
Ridge’s investment philosophy, runs counter to the client’s stated investment objectives, or would prevent
Pine Ridge from properly servicing client accounts.
D. Wrap Fee Programs
Pine Ridge does not provide portfolio management services to a wrap fee program(s).
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E. Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2024, Pine Ridge managed $5,055,214,345 of assets on a discretionary basis and $0 on
a non-discretionary basis.
Item 5 - Fees and Compensation
A. Advisory Fees
The fees payable by an SMA Client vary based on the size of the Managed Account. Managed Account fees
are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs and expenses which shall
be incurred by the client. SMA Clients may incur certain charges imposed by custodians, brokers, and other
third parties such as fees charged by managers, custodial fees, deferred sales charges, wire transfer and
electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. Such charges,
fees and commissions are exclusive of and in addition to Pine Ridge’s fee, and Pine Ridge does not receive
any portion of these commissions, fees, and costs.
Pine Ridge does not charge any advisory fees to the Fund.
Family Offices Services
The fee for the family offices services will be determined on a case-by-case basis and will depend on the
nature and complexity of each client's circumstances, the amount of assets under Pine Ridge management
and the particular Pine Ridge professional providing the service. Pine Ridge reserves the right to waive the
fee for the family offices services in its entirety.
Certain family office clients have agreed that, at the sole discretion of the family office client, following each
calendar quarter, in addition to an agreed fixed fee, Pine Ridge is eligible to receive a discretionary cash
bonus paid by the family office client. The decision as to whether to pay a bonus, and the amount of any
bonus, are entirely in the family office client’s absolute discretion. In each such agreement, Pine Ridge and
the family office client have expressly agreed that the fact that Pine Ridge may have received a bonus at any
time does not give rise to any expectation or entitlement to receive any bonus in the future, or as to the size
of any future bonus.
B. Payment Method
Pine Ridge will notify the client’s qualified custodian of the amount of the fee due and payable to Pine Ridge
pursuant to the firm’s fee schedule and advisory agreement. The qualified custodian will not validate or check
Pine Ridge’s fees, its corresponding calculation, or the assets on which the fee is based unless the client has
retained their services to do so. With the client’s pre-approval, the qualified custodian will “deduct” the fee
from the client’s account or, if the client has more than one account, from the account the client has designated
to pay Pine Ridge’s advisory fees. The frequency that fees are paid is typically monthly or quarterly as agreed
by the client.
Each month, the client will receive a statement directly from the qualified custodian showing all transactions,
positions, and credits/debits into or from the client’s account. Statements sent after the quarter end will also
reflect the advisory fee paid by the client to Pine Ridge.
C. Additional Fee Information and Expenses
Fees Negotiable
Pine Ridge retains the right to modify fees, including minimum account size requirements, in its sole and
absolute discretion, on a client-by-client basis. Factors considered include the complexity and nature of the
advisory services provided, anticipated amount of assets to be placed under management, anticipated future
additional assets, related accounts, portfolio style, and account composition. As stated above, SMA Clients
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and certain related accounts will pay a reduced fee or may have their investment management fee waived in
its entirety. The specific fee schedule is identified in the investment management agreement or fund offering
documents entered into with the client.
Mutual Fund Fees and Exchange Traded Funds
Managed Accounts may hold the shares of registered investment companies (e.g., mutual funds and Exchange
Traded Funds). All fees paid to Pine Ridge or third-party investment managers for investment management
services are separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by these investment companies to their
shareholders. These fees and expenses are described in each fund's prospectus. These fees will generally
include a management fee, other fund expenses, and a possible distribution fee. If the fund also imposes sales
charges, a client may pay a deferred sales charge.
Miscellaneous Expenses
Pine Ridge’s management fee with respect to each Managed Account also does not include certain other
charges and expenses, including (a) brokerage charges, which are paid on a transactional basis for the
Managed Account, (b) dealer mark-ups or mark-downs on securities purchased or sold for an account through
third party dealers and (c) taxes.
Professional Fees
Fees do not include the services of any co-fiduciaries, accountants, broker dealers or attorneys. Accordingly,
the fees of any additional professionals engaged by a client will be billed directly by such professional(s).
Private Fund Fees
The Fund bears its own expenses, including but not limited to investment expenses (e.g., brokerage
commissions, research expenses, interest on margin accounts, administration fees, custodial fees, bank
service fees, interest expenses); legal expenses; insurance expenses; compliance expenses; professional fees
(including, without limitation, expenses of consultants) relating to investments; accounting expenses
(including the cost of accounting software packages); auditing and tax preparation expenses; applicable
outside director fees, costs of printing and mailing reports and notices; entity-level taxes; corporate licensing;
regulatory expenses (including filing fees); organizational expenses; expenses incurred in connection with
the offering and sale of Private Fund interests and other similar expenses related to the Private Fund; and
extraordinary expenses.
Third-Party Investment Managers Fees and Expenses
As stated above, all fees paid to Pine Ridge for its investment management services are separate and distinct
from the fees and expenses charged by third-party investment managers.
Each third-party investment manager used involves different custodial, administrative, and fee arrangements,
and may require certain minimum initial account investments. These fees will generally include a
management fee and possible other fees. The actual management fees may be higher or lower for the specific
independent money manager.
In certain circumstances a client may be able to invest with an independent money manager directly, without
the services of Pine Ridge. In that case, the client would not receive the services provided by Pine Ridge
which are designed, among other things, to assist the client in determining which third-party investment
managers are most appropriate to the client's financial condition and objectives.
D. Termination and Refunds
A SMA Client should consult the applicable investment management agreement for termination rights. If an
account is terminated during a calendar quarter, fees will be adjusted pro rata based upon the number of
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calendar days in the calendar quarter that the investment management agreement was effective.
When possible, Pine Ridge will credit a client’s account for the amount of the refund.
E. Additional Compensation
Neither Pine Ridge nor its supervised persons receive compensation for the sale of securities or other
investment products, and mutual funds.
Item 6 - Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Pine Ridge’s investment management fees are not based on a share of the capital gains or capital appreciation
(i.e., growth in value) of the funds in a client's account (a/k/a "performance-based fees").
Side-by-side management refers to an adviser simultaneously managing accounts that do pay performance-
based fees and those that do not; this can create potential conflicts of interest. Pine Ridge does not engage in
side-by-side management.
As described in Item 5, certain family office clients have agreed that, at the sole discretion of that family office
client, following each calendar quarter, in addition to an agreed fixed fee, Pine Ridge is eligible to receive a
discretionary cash bonus paid by the family office client. Although a discretionary bonus is not a performance-
based fee, the potential for Pine Ridge to receive discretionary bonuses creates incentives and potential
conflicts of interest that are similar to the incentives and potential conflicts of interest that are created by a
performance-based fee arrangement. The potential for Pine Ridge to receive a discretionary bonus is intended
to provide Pine Ridge with an incentive to provide the level of service expected of Pine Ridge by the family
office client. The potential to receive a discretionary bonus may create an incentive for Pine Ridge to make
investments that are riskier or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such potential.
In addition, in the event that Pine Ridge manages an account as to which the client may pay a discretionary
bonus and also manages an account as to which the client does not pay a discretionary bonus, or as to which
the client may have paid a discretionary bonus less frequently or in lesser relative amounts, Pine Ridge may
have an incentive to favor the account as to which the client pays a discretionary bonus or pays a discretionary
bonus more frequently than the client account which does no pay a discretionary bonus or otherwise pays in
lesser relative amounts.
Item 7 - Types of Clients
A. Clients
Pine Ridge provides investment advice and management to members of high-net-worth families.
B. Engaging the Services of Pine Ridge
All clients wishing to engage Pine Ridge for investment advisory services must first sign the applicable
investment management agreement, fund offering documents and sign/complete any other document or
questionnaire provided by the firm. The investment management agreement will describe the services and
responsibilities of Pine Ridge to the client. It also outlines Pine Ridge’s fee in detail.
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C. Conditions for Managing Accounts
As a condition for starting and maintaining a relationship, Pine Ridge imposes a minimum of $50,000,000 in
assets under management. Pine Ridge may, in its sole discretion, require a larger amount or accept a smaller
amount of initial assets from a potential client depending on the complexity and nature of the advisory
services provided, or for any other reason deemed appropriate by Pine Ridge.
Item 8 - Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
As discussed in Item 4 – Advisory Business – Pine Ridge will designate the active discretionary management
of Managed Accounts among certain institutional-quality investment managers that manage private
investment funds organized as pooled investment vehicles or on a sub-advisory basis.
Pine Ridge will only use investment managers for which it has completed full investment and operational
due diligence. However, the investment manager(s) selected by Pine Ridge may have specific methodologies,
trading processes and operational practices beyond the control of Pine Ridge. Pine Ridge will monitor each
investment manager for adherence to the stated strategy, portfolio performance, turnover, team and
organizational changes over time, compensation changes, growth in assets under management and product
proliferation. Pine Ridge may, in its sole discretion, reallocate client assets among investment managers
depending on macroeconomic, market or sector factors and/or according to changes in a client’s financial
goals and needs.
In evaluating and monitoring third-party investment managers, Pine Ridge will also look for specific qualities
and investment principles depending on the specific investment program provided by such investment
managers. For example, for a long-only equity investment program, Pine Ridge may seek institutional quality
investment managers with deep fundamental research processes and high active share in broad areas such as
global equities or in particular niche fields such as Asian emerging markets equities. For a global macro
strategy, Pine Ridge may seek investment managers with lower directional market exposure, high alpha,
strong downside protection, and lower correlation to traditional markets such as equities and fixed income.
Depending on the stage of the development of an investment manager’s trading program, Pine Ridge may
also take into consideration other factors, such as: the investment manager’s performance during various time
periods and market cycles; the investment manager’s articulation of, and adherence to, a stated investment
philosophy and style; the presence of risk management discipline; and alignment of interests.
Pine Ridge will evaluate regularly each investment manager to determine whether its investment program is
consistent with the client’s investment objectives and whether its investment performance is satisfactory.
Subject to restrictions imposed by the investment managers, Pine Ridge may reallocate client assets among
the investment managers, terminate existing investment managers and select additional investment managers.
B. Risks Associated with Investment Strategies and Methods of Analysis
Risk Associated with Methods of Analysis
All investment analysis requires subjective assessments and decision-making by experienced investment
professionals, however, there is always the risk of an error in judgment. Pine Ridge’s investment analysis
methods rely on the assumption that Pine Ridge is provided accurate and unbiased data. While Pine Ridge is
alert to indications that data may be incorrect, there is always the risk that the firm’s analysis may be
compromised by inaccurate or misleading information.
A risk of independent money manager analysis is that the past performance of the independent money
manager does not guarantee future results. In addition, Pine Ridge’s subjective judgment may prove incorrect.
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Investing in securities involves risk of loss that each client should be prepared to bear. The value of a client’s
investment may be affected by one or more of the following risks, any of which could cause a client’s
portfolio return, the price of the portfolio’s shares or the portfolio’s yield to fluctuate:
• Market Risk. The value of portfolio assets will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The
value of investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of
economic changes or other events that affect large portions of the market.
• Management Risk. A client’s portfolio is subject to management risk because it is actively managed
by Pine Ridge’s investment professionals. Pine Ridge will apply its investment techniques and risk
analysis in making investment decisions for a client’s portfolio, but there is no guarantee that these
techniques and Pine Ridge’s judgment will produce the intended results.
• Quantitative Tools Risk. Some of Pine Ridge’s investment techniques may incorporate, or rely upon,
quantitative models. There is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce
risks or otherwise produce the intended results.
•
Interest Rate Risk. Changes in interest rates will affect the value of a portfolio’s investments in
fixed-income securities. When interest rates rise, the value of investments in fixed-income securities
tend to fall and this decrease in value may not be offset by higher income from new investments.
Interest rate risk is generally greater for fixed-income securities with longer maturities or durations.
• Credit Risk. An issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, or the counterparty to a derivatives
or other contract, may be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest or principal, or
to otherwise honor its obligations. The issuer or guarantor may default causing a loss of the full
principal amount of a security. The degree of risk for a particular security may be reflected in its
credit rating. There is the possibility that the credit rating of a fixed-income security may be
downgraded after purchase, which may adversely affect the value of the security. Investments in
fixed-income securities with lower ratings tend to have a higher probability that an issuer will default
or fail to meet its payment obligations.
• Allocation Risk. The allocation of investments among different asset classes may have a significant
effect on portfolio value when one of these asset classes is performing more poorly than the others.
As investments will be periodically reallocated, there will be transaction costs which may be, over
time, significant. In addition, there is a risk that certain asset allocation decisions may not achieve
the desired results and, as a result, a client’s portfolio may incur significant losses.
• Foreign (Non-U.S.) Risk. A portfolio’s investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve
more risk than those of U.S. issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may
be less liquid due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
• Emerging Markets Risk. Securities of companies in emerging markets may be more volatile than
those of companies in developed markets. By definition, markets, economies and government
institutions are generally less developed in emerging market countries. Investment in securities of
companies in emerging markets may entail special risks relating to the potential for social instability
and the risks of expropriation, nationalization or confiscation. Investors may also face the imposition
of restrictions on foreign investment or the repatriation of capital and a lack of hedging instruments.
• Currency Risk. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of a
portfolio’s investments or reduce its returns.
• Derivatives Risk. Certain strategies involve the use of derivatives to create market exposure.
Derivatives may be illiquid, difficult to price and leveraged so that slight changes may produce
disproportionate losses for a client’s portfolio and may be subject to counterparty risk to a greater
degree than more traditional investments. Because of their complex nature, some derivatives may
not perform as intended. As a result, a portfolio may not realize the anticipated benefits from a
derivative it holds, or it may realize losses. Derivative transactions may create investment leverage,
which may increase a portfolio’s volatility and may require the portfolio to liquidate portfolio
securities when it may not be advantageous to do so.
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• Capitalization Risk. Investments in small- and mid-capitalization companies may be more volatile
than investments in large-capitalization companies. Investments in small-capitalization companies
may have additional risks because these companies have limited product lines, markets or financial
resources.
• Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments are difficult to purchase or sell,
possibly preventing Pine Ridge from selling out of such illiquid securities at an advantageous price.
Derivatives and securities involving substantial market and credit risk also tend to involve greater
liquidity risk.
•
Issuer Specific Risk. The value of an equity security or debt obligation may decline in response to
developments affecting the specific issuer of the security or obligation, even if the overall industry
or economy is unaffected. These developments may comprise a variety of factors, including, but not
limited to, management issues or other corporate disruption, political factors adversely affecting
governmental issuers, a decline in revenues or profitability, an increase in costs, or an adverse effect
on the issuer’s competitive position.
• Concentrated Portfolios Risk. Certain investment strategies focus on particular asset classes,
countries, regions, industries, sectors or types of investments. Concentrated portfolios are an
aggressive and highly volatile approach to trading and investing. Concentrated portfolios hold fewer
different stocks than a diversified portfolio and are much more likely to experience sudden dramatic
prices swings. In addition, the rise or drop in price of any given holding is likely to have a larger
impact on portfolio performance than a more broadly diversified portfolio.
• Leverage. While leverage presents opportunities for increasing a client’s total return, it has the effect
of potentially increasing losses as well. Accordingly, any event which adversely affects the value of
an investment of a client’s account would be magnified to the extent the investment is leveraged.
The cumulative effect of the use of leverage in a market that moves adversely to such a client’s
investments could result in a substantial loss to such client which would be greater than if such
account was not leveraged.
• Legal or Legislative Risk. Legislative changes or court rulings may impact the value of investments
or the securities’ claim on the issuer’s assets and finances.
C. Risks Associated with Specific Securities Utilized
Third-party investment managers retained by Pine Ridge may invest in all or some of the following types of
securities:
Common Stocks
The major risks associated with investing in common stocks relate to the issuer’s capitalization, quality of
the issuer’s management, quality and cost of the issuer’s services, the issuer’s ability to manage costs,
efficiencies in the manufacturing or service delivery process, management of litigation risk and the issuer’s
ability to create shareholder value (i.e., increase the value of the company’s stock price).
Preferred Stocks
Preferred stock dividends are generally fixed in advance. Unlike requirements to pay interest on certain types
of debt securities, the company that issues preferred stock may not be required to pay a dividend and may
stop paying the dividend at any time. Preferred stock may also be subject to mandatory redemption provisions
and an issuer may repurchase these securities at prices that are below the price at which they were purchased
by the investor. Under these circumstances, a client account holding such preferred securities could lose
money.
Convertible Stocks
The value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value” (determined by its yield in
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comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a
conversion privilege) and its “conversion value.”
The investment value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, the credit standing
of the issuer and other factors. The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market
price of the underlying common stock. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its
conversion value by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common
stock while holding a fixed-income security. A convertible security will generally be subject to redemption
at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument. If a
convertible is called for redemption, a client will be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security,
convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an
adverse effect on a client’s ability to achieve their investment objective.
Warrants and Rights
Warrants are securities, typically issued with preferred stocks or bonds, which give the holder the right to
purchase a given number of shares of common stock at a specified price and time. The price of a warrant
usually represents a premium over the applicable market value of the common stock at the time of the
warrant’s issuance. Warrants have no voting rights with respect to the common stock, receive no dividends
and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.
Investments in warrants and rights involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for the
resale of the warrants and rights, potential price fluctuations due to adverse market conditions or other factors
and failure of the price of the common stock to risk. If the warrant is not exercised within the specified time
period, it becomes worthless.
Fixed-Income Securities
Different forms of fixed-income instruments, such as bonds, money market funds, and certificates of deposit
may be affected by various forms of risk, including:
•
Interest Rate Risk. The risk that the value of the fixed income holding will decrease because of an
increase in interest rates.
• Liquidity Risk. The inability to readily buy or sell an investment for a price close to the true
underlying value of the asset due to a lack of buyers or sellers. While certain types of fixed-income
securities are generally liquid (e.g., corporate bonds), there are risks which may occur such as when
an issue trading in any given period does not readily support buys and sells at an efficient price.
Conversely, when trading volume is high, there is also the risk of not being able to purchase a
particular issue at the desired price.
• Credit Risk. The potential risk that an issuer would be unable to pay scheduled interest or repay
principal at maturity, sometimes referred to as “default risk.” Credit risk may also occur when an
issuer’s ability to make payments of principal and interest when due is interrupted. This may result
in a negative impact on all forms of debt instruments.
• Reinvestment Risk. With declining interest rates, investors may have to reinvest income or principal
at a lower rate.
• Duration Risk. Duration is a measure of a bond’s volatility, expressed in years to be repaid by its
internal cash flow (interest payments). Bonds with longer durations carry more risk and have higher
price volatility than bonds with shorter durations.
High-Yield Securities
High-yield corporate debt securities with credit rating below investment grade (commonly referred to as
“junk bonds”) may be subject to potentially higher risks of default and volatility than other debt securities,
including risks that the issuer may not be able to meet its obligations to repay principal or interest. These
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types of debt securities are more susceptible to credit risk than investment grade securities and are considered
to be more speculative in nature than higher-quality fixed-income securities. In addition, issuers of high-yield
securities may not be as strong financially as those issuing debt securities with higher credit ratings.
Municipal Bonds
In addition to the risks set forth under “Fixed-Income Securities” above, municipal bonds are susceptible to
events in the municipality that issued the bond, or the security posted for the bond. These events may include
economic or political policy changes, changes in law, tax base erosion, state constitutional limits on tax
increases, budget deficits or other financial difficulties and changes in the credit rating assigned to municipal
issues.
Commercial Paper and Certificates of Deposit
Commercial Paper and Certificates of Deposit are generally considered safe instruments, although they are
subject to the level of general interest rates, the credit quality of the issuing bank and the length of maturity.
With respect to certificates of deposit, depending on the length of maturity, there can be prepayment penalties
if the client needs to convert the certificate of deposit to cash prior to maturity.
Federal Agency Securities
Although the issuer may be chartered or sponsored by an Act of Congress, the issuer is not funded by
Congressional appropriations and its debt and equity securities are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S.
Government. Without a more explicit commitment, there can be no assurance that the U.S. Government will
provide financial support to such issuers or their securities.
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)
An ETF holds a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market segment or index. Shares of ETFs
are listed on securities exchanges and transacted at negotiated prices in the secondary market. Generally, ETF
shares trade at or near their most recent NAV, which is generally calculated at least once daily for indexed-
based ETFs and more frequently for actively managed ETFs. However, certain inefficiencies may cause the
shares to trade at a premium or discount to their pro rata NAV.
ETFs are subject to risks similar to those of stocks. Investment returns will fluctuate and are subject to market
volatility, so that when shares are sold they may be worth more or less than their original cost. ETF shares
are bought and sold at market price (not Net Asset Value) and are not individually redeemed from the fund.
There is also the risk that a manager may deviate from the stated investment mandate or strategy of the ETF
which could make the holdings less suitable for a client’s portfolio. ETFs may also carry additional expenses
based on their share of operating expenses and certain brokerage fees, which may result in the potential
duplication of certain fees. In addition, while many ETFs are known for their potential tax efficiency and
higher “qualified dividend income” (QDI) percentages, there are assets classes within these ETFs or holding
periods that may not benefit. Shorter holding periods, as well as commodities and currencies that may be part
of an ETF’s portfolio, may be considered “non-qualified” under certain tax code provisions.
There is also no guarantee that an active secondary market for such shares will develop or continue to exist.
Generally, an ETF only redeems shares when aggregated as creation units (usually 50,000 shares or more).
Therefore, if a liquid secondary market ceases to exist for shares of a particular ETF, a shareholder may have
no way to dispose of such shares.
Mutual Funds - Equity Funds
The major risks associated with investing in equity mutual funds is similar to the risks associated with
investing directly in equity securities, including market risk, which is the risk that investment returns will
fluctuate and are subject to market volatility, so that an investor’s shares, when redeemed or sold, may be
worth more or less than their original cost. Other risks include the quality and experience of the portfolio
management team and its ability to create fund value by investing in securities that have positive growth, the
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amount of individual company diversification, the type and amount of industry diversification and the type
and amount of sector diversification within specific industries. In addition, there is the risk that a manager
may deviate from the stated investment mandate or strategy of the mutual fund which could make the holdings
less suitable for a client’s portfolio. Also, mutual funds tend to be tax inefficient and therefore investors may
pay capital gains taxes on fund investments while not having yet sold their shares in the fund. Mutual funds
may also carry additional expenses based on their share of operating expenses and certain brokerage fees,
which may result in the potential duplication of certain fees.
Mutual Funds - Fixed-Income Funds
In addition to the risks associated with investing in equity mutual funds, fixed-income mutual funds also have
the same risks as set forth under “Fixed-Income Securities” listed above.
Mutual Funds - Index Funds
Index Funds have the potential to be affected by “tracking error risk” which means a deviation from a stated
benchmark index. Since the core of a portfolio may attempt to closely replicate a benchmark, the source of
the tracking error (deviation) may come from a “sample index” that may not closely align to the benchmark.
In addition, while many index mutual funds are known for their potential tax efficiency and higher “qualified
dividend income” (QDI) percentages, there are assets classes within these funds or holding periods that may
not benefit. Shorter holding periods, as well as commodities and currencies that may be part of a fund’s
portfolio, may be considered “non-qualified” under certain tax code provisions.
Options
There are numerous risks associated with transactions in options on securities or securities indexes. A
decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a
well-conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected
events. In the case of index options, the client incurs basis risk between the performance of the underlying
portfolio and the performance of the underlying index. For example, the underlying portfolio may decline in
value while the underlying index may increase in value, resulting in a loss on the call option while the
underlying portfolio declines as well.
Real Estate Related Securities
Investing in real estate related securities includes, among others, the following risks: possible declines in the
value of real estate; risks related to general and local economic conditions, including increases in the rate of
inflation, possible lack of availability of mortgage funds, overbuilding, extending vacancies of properties,
increases in competition, property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, costs resulting from
clean-up of, and liability to third-parties for damages resulting from, environmental problems, casualty and
condemnation losses, uninsured damages from floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters, limitations on
and variations in rents and changes in interest rates. Investing in Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”)
involves certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in real estate in general.
REITs are dependent upon the skills of management, are not diversified and are subject to cash flow
dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation.
Structured Products
A portfolio’s investments in structured finance arrangements, including Collateralized Mortgage Obligations
(CMOs), Collateralized Bond Obligations (CBOs) Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) and
Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs), involve the risks associated with the underlying pool of securities
or other assets, as well as risks different or greater than the risks affecting the underlying assets. In particular,
these investments may be less liquid than other debt obligations, making it difficult to value an investment
or sell the investment in a timely manner or at an acceptable price.
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Master Limited Partnerships
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) are a type of limited partnership that is publicly traded and sells like a
common stock on the major stock exchanges. There are two types of partners in this type of partnership: The
limited partner is the person or group that provides the capital to the MLP and receives periodic income
distributions from the MLP’s cash flow, whereas the general partner is the party responsible for managing
the MLP’s affairs and receives compensation that is linked to the performance of the venture. MLP investors
face several kinds of risk that are inherent in these types of investments and in the market, including loss of
money, volatility and interest rate risk.
Alternative Investments
The performance of alternative investments (e.g., commodities, futures, hedge funds; funds of hedge funds,
private equity or other types of limited partnerships) can be volatile. Alternative investments generally
involve various risk factors and liquidity constraints, a complete discussion of which is set forth in the offering
documents of each specific alternative investment. Due to the speculative nature of alternative investments a
client must satisfy certain income or net worth standards prior to investing.
Private Equity Funds
Private Equity Funds may be affected by various forms of risk, including:
• Long-term Investment. Unlike mutual funds, which generally invest in publicly traded securities that
are relatively liquid, private equity funds generally invest in large amounts of illiquid securities from
private companies. Depending on the strategy used, private real estate funds will have illiquid
underlying investments that may not be easily sold, and investors may have to wait for
improvements or development before any redemption. Given the illiquid nature of the underlying
purchases made by private equity and private real estate managers, private equity and private real
estate funds are considered long-term investments. Private equity funds are generally set up as 10-
to 15-year investments with little or no provision for investor redemptions. Private real estate funds
are generally seven-to-ten-year investments and also have limited provisions for redemptions. With
long-term investments, clients should consider their financial ability to bear large fluctuations in
value and hold these investments over a number of years.
• Difficult Valuation Assessment. The portfolio holdings in private equity and private real estate funds
may be difficult to value, because they are not usually quoted or traded on any financial market or
exchange. As such, no easily available market prices for most of a fund’s holdings are available.
Additionally, it may be hard to quantify the impact a manager has had on underlying investments
until those investments are sold.
• Lack of Liquidity. Private equity and private real estate funds are not “liquid” (they can’t be sold or
exchanged for cash quickly or easily), and the interests are typically non-transferable without the
consent of a fund’s managing member. As a result, private equity and private real estate funds are
generally only suitable for sophisticated investors who have carefully considered their financial
capability to hold these investments for the long term.
• Capital Call Default Consequences. Answering capital calls to provide managers with the pledged
capital is a contractual obligation of each investor. Failure to meet this requirement in a timely
manner could elicit significant adverse consequences, including, without limitation, the forfeiture
of the defaulting investor’s interest in the fund.
• Leverage. Private equity and private real estate funds may use leverage in connection with certain
investments or participate in investments with highly leveraged capital structures. Although the use
of leverage may enhance returns and increase the number of investments that can be made, leverage
also involves a high degree of financial risk and may increase the exposure of such investments to
factors such as rising interest rates, downturns in the economy or deterioration in the condition of
the assets underlying such investments.
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• Lack of Transparency. Private equity and private real estate funds are not required to provide
investors with information about their underlying holdings or provide periodic pricing and valuation
information. Therefore, investors often putting their complete trust in the managers’ abilities to meet
their funds’ objectives, without the benefit of knowing their investment selections. This lack of
information may make it more difficult for investors to evaluate the risks associated with the funds.
• Manager Risk. Private equity and private real estate fund managers have total investment authority
over their funds, and the managers’ skill is normally responsible for the investment returns.
Therefore, if the founder or key person departs, the returns of the fund may be impacted. Investors
have no control or influence in the management of the fund, although they will receive periodic
reports from the fund manager. Also, investment in one fund that uses a generally similar investment
strategy as another fund could lessen overall diversification, and consequently, increase investment
risk.
• Regulation. Private equity and private real estate funds are subject to fewer regulatory requirements
than mutual funds and other registered investment company products and thus may offer fewer legal
protections than an investor would have if they invested in more traditional investments.
There may be other circumstances not described here that could adversely affect a client’s investment and
prevent their portfolio from reaching its objective. Pine Ridge’s Chief Compliance Officer remains available
to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above risks.
Item 9 - Disciplinary Information
Pine Ridge is required to disclose any legal or disciplinary events that are material to a client’s or a
prospective client’s evaluation of the firm’s advisory business or the integrity of Pine Ridge’ management.
Neither Pine Ridge nor any member of its management has been involved in a material criminal or civil
action in a domestic, foreign or military jurisdiction, an administrative enforcement action, or self-regulatory
organization preceding that would reflect poorly upon Pine Ridge’s advisory business or the integrity of the
firm.
Item 10 - Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Broker-Dealer Registration and Registered Representatives
Pine Ridge is not registered, nor does it have an application pending to register, as a broker-dealer.
B. Futures and Commodity Registration
Pine Ridge is not registered, nor does it have an application pending to register, as a futures commission
merchant, commodity pool operator or a commodity trading advisor. No management person is registered,
nor does any management person have an application pending to register, as an associated person of a futures
commission merchant, commodity pool operator or a commodity trading advisor.
C. Financial Industry Affiliations
Pine Ridge’s primary business is as an investment advisor as described in this brochure.
D. Selection of Other Advisers
Pine Ridge does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment managers that it selects
for its clients.
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Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
A. Code of Ethics
Pine Ridge has adopted a written Code of Ethics to prevent violations of federal securities laws. Pine Ridge’s
Code of Ethics is predicated on the principle that the firm owes a fiduciary duty to its clients. Accordingly,
Pine Ridge expects all of its associated persons to act with honesty, integrity and professionalism and to
adhere to federal and state securities laws. All officers, managers, directors, members and employees of the
firm and any other person who provides advice on behalf of Pine Ridge and is subject to Pine Ridge’s control
and supervision are required to adhere to the Code of Ethics. At all times, the firm and its associated persons
must (i) place client interests ahead of the firm’s; (ii) engage in personal investing that is in full compliance
with the firm’s Code of Ethics; and (iii) avoid taking advantage of their position. A copy of Pine Ridge’s
Code of Ethics is available to any client or prospective client upon request. For a copy, please contact Pine
Ridge at 212-273-0463.
B. Invest in Same Securities as Clients
From time to time, individuals associated with Pine Ridge may buy, sell, or hold in their personal accounts
the same securities that are held in client accounts. To minimize conflicts of interest, and to maintain the
fiduciary responsibility Pine Ridge has to its clients, the firm has established the following personal securities
transaction policy to monitor the personal securities transactions and securities holdings of each of Pine
Ridge’s “access persons.” Pine Ridge’s securities transaction policy requires that an access person must
provide the Chief Compliance Officer with a written report of their current securities holdings within ten (10)
days after becoming an access person. Additionally, each access person must provide the Chief Compliance
Officer with a written report of the access person’s current securities holdings at least once each twelve (12)
month period thereafter on a date Pine Ridge selects. The Chief Compliance Officer is required to review
these reports to verify that personal securities transactions are conducted in accordance with the Code of
Ethics.
In addition, Pine Ridge and its eligible personnel may also invest in Private Funds of its or their choosing but
are not required to invest in the Private Funds. It is expected that, if such investments are made, the size and
nature of these investments will change over time. Neither Pine Ridge nor its personnel are required to keep
any minimum investment in any of the Private Funds.
C. Engaging in Transactions at Same Time as Client
From time to time, individuals associated with Pine Ridge may, at or about the same time, buy, sell, or hold
in their personal accounts the same securities that the firm recommends to its clients. This practice may create
a situation where such individuals are in a position to materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those
securities. Therefore, this situation creates a potential conflict of interest. As indicated above in Item 11.B,
Pine Ridge has a personal securities transaction policy in place to mitigate any potential conflicts of interest.
D. Additional Information
At times, Pine Ridge or its related persons may purchase securities that it deems appropriate only for its or
their own account. Based on the experience of Pine Ridge or its related persons holding the securities and on
further research and due diligence, Pine Ridge may at a later time purchase such securities for client accounts
at prices which might be higher or lower than those originally paid.
Item 12 - Brokerage Practices
Except for the general investment guidelines set forth in the offering memorandum of a Fund, there are no
limitations on the authority of Pine Ridge with respect to investment or brokerage discretion. Pine Ridge
does not intend to enter into agreements with broker- dealers regarding specific amounts of brokerage, nor
does Pine Ridge intend to enter into soft-dollar arrangements. Pine Ridge selects broker-dealers based on the
overall benefit and quality of the services that they provide and not solely based on the amount of their fees.
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In some cases, federal and state laws (such as the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) may
limit or restrict the selection of broker-dealers.
A. Brokerage Selection
For those situations where Pine Ridge makes a direct securities investment (e.g., ETFs, money market funds)
in a client’s account, Pine Ridge will direct transactions through broker-dealers that it reasonably believes
will provide best execution.
Best Execution
Best execution has been defined by the SEC as the “execution of securities transactions for clients in such a
manner that the client’s total cost or proceeds in each transaction is the most favorable under the
circumstances.” The best execution responsibility applies to the circumstances of each particular transaction
and an investment adviser must consider the full range and quality of a broker-dealer’s services, including,
among other things, execution capability, commission rates, the value of any research, financial responsibility
and responsiveness.
In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the transaction
represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of a broker-dealer’s services,
including among others, the value of research provided, execution capability, commission rates, and
responsiveness. Consistent with the foregoing, while Pine Ridge will seek competitive rates, it may not
necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates for client transactions.
Pine Ridge will periodically and systematically review its policies and procedures regarding recommending
broker-dealers to its clients in light of its duty to obtain best execution.
Broker Analysis
Pine Ridge evaluates a wide range of criteria in seeking the most favorable price and market for the execution
of transactions. These include the broker-dealer’s trading costs, efficiency of execution and error resolution,
financial strength and stability, capability, positioning and distribution capabilities, information in regard to
the availability of securities, trading patterns, statistical or factual information, opinion pertaining to trading
and prior performance in serving Pine Ridge.
Pine Ridge are responsible for continuously monitoring and evaluating the performance and execution
capabilities of brokers that transact orders for client accounts to ensure consistent quality executions. In
addition, Pine Ridge periodically reviews its transaction costs in light of current market circumstances and
other relevant information.
Soft Dollar Benefits
Pine Ridge does not have any commitments or understandings to trade with specific brokers or to generate a
specific level of brokerage commission with a particular broker to receive discounted brokerage or research
services.
Directed Brokerage
For those Managed Accounts where Pine Ridge has discretion and except where Pine Ridge has delegated
investment discretion to a sub-advisor, Pine Ridge has full discretionary authority to manage the Managed
Accounts, including authority to make decisions with respect to the brokers or dealers to be used for a
particular transaction, and commissions or markups and markdowns paid. Pine Ridge’s authority is limited
by its own internal policies and procedures and each Managed Account’s investment management agreement
and guidelines.
Certain clients may direct Pine Ridge to use particular brokers-dealers for executing transactions in their
accounts. With regard to client directed brokerage, Pine Ridge is required to disclose that Pine Ridge may be
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unable to negotiate commissions, block or batch orders or otherwise achieve the benefits described above,
including best execution. Directed brokerage commission rates may be higher than the rates Pine Ridge might
pay for transactions in non-directed accounts. Therefore, directing brokerage may cost clients more money.
Pine Ridge reserves the right to decline acceptance of any client account that directs the use of a broker-
dealer if Pine Ridge believes that the broker-dealer would adversely affect Pine Ridge’s fiduciary duty to the
client and/or ability to effectively service the client portfolio.
As a general rule, Pine Ridge encourages each client to compare the possible costs or disadvantages of
directed brokerage against the value of custodial or other services provided by the broker-dealer to the client
in exchange for the directed brokerage designation.
B. Trade Aggregation and Allocation
There are occasions on which Managed Account portfolio transactions will be executed as part of concurrent
authorizations to purchase or sell the same security for one or more clients. When it is advantageous for Pine
Ridge to execute a transaction on behalf of more than one Managed Account, it is the Firm’s policy to
aggregate trades whenever possible to achieve equal pricing across the Managed Accounts and to reduce
transaction costs. Pine Ridge may choose not to aggregate trades in avoidance of a perceived or actual conflict
of interest, provided that clients are treated fairly and equitably over time.
On occasions when trades for Managed Account portfolios are not aggregated, trades generally will be
processed in the order that they are placed with the broker or counterparty selected by Pine Ridge. As a result,
certain trades in the same security for one client (including a client in which Pine Ridge and its personnel may
have a direct or indirect interest) may receive more or less favorable prices or terms than another client, and
orders placed later may not be filled entirely or at all, based upon the prevailing market prices at the time of
the order or trade. The use of derivative instruments for certain Managed Accounts may also result in different
effective net prices from other accounts.
C. Investment Allocation
Pine Ridge may give advice or take action with respect to the investments of one or more Managed Accounts
that may not be given or taken with respect to other Managed Accounts with similar investment programs,
objectives, and strategies. Accordingly, Managed Accounts with similar strategies may not hold the same
securities or instruments or achieve the same performance. Pine Ridge also may advise Managed Accounts
with conflicting programs, objectives or strategies. These activities also may adversely affect the prices and
availability of other securities or instruments held by or potentially considered for one or more Managed
Accounts. Finally, Pine Ridge and its personnel may have conflicts in allocating their time and services
among the Managed Accounts. Pine Ridge will devote as much time to each Managed Account as Pine Ridge
deems appropriate to perform its duties in accordance with its management agreements.
Pine Ridge manages investments on behalf of a number of clients. Certain clients have investment programs
that are similar to or overlap and may, therefore, participate with each other in investments. It is the policy
of Pine Ridge to allocate investment opportunities for Managed Accounts fairly and equitably, to the extent
possible, over a period of time. Pine Ridge, however, will have no obligation to purchase, sell or exchange
any security or financial instrument for a Managed Account which Pine Ridge may purchase, sell or exchange
for another Managed Account if Pine Ridge believes in good faith at the time the investment decision is made
that such transaction or investment would be unsuitable, impractical or undesirable for a particular Managed
Account.
Pine Ridge generally makes investment decisions among Managed Accounts depending on the particular
investment strategy pursued by each Managed Account. Allocations among Managed Accounts within a
particular strategy are then made generally on a pro rata basis in proportion to the relative value of each
Managed Account eligible net assets, or on a pro rata basis in proportion to the actual position size held by
each Managed Account. However, Pine Ridge may take into consideration a number of additional factors,
including, among others, the nature and size of the proportion of a securities issue likely to be available to
Pine Ridge or the nature and size of the proposed sale; the investment objectives and investment strategy, tax
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consequences (if applicable), risk tolerances, time horizons and restrictions and guidelines of Managed
Accounts; the eligibility to invest in initial public offerings; the relative size and cash availability of the
applicable strategy within the Managed Account; the ability to borrow and the cost of borrowed funds; legal
restrictions, including those that may arise in foreign jurisdictions; the liquidity of the investment relative to
the need of each Managed Account; the degree of specialization of a Managed Account relative to the
investment offered; the relative historical participation of a Managed Account in the investment; the difficulty
of liquidating an investment for more than one client; the possibility that an allocation may result in a small
or odd lot; new clients with a substantial amount of investable cash; and other factors that may be considered
relevant.
Investment opportunities considered by Pine Ridge to be appropriate for Managed Accounts following
similar investment strategies will generally, over time, be equitably allocated based on considerations such
as relative capital, specific investment guidelines, composition of the portfolios at the time of purchase and
tax considerations. Pine Ridge may combine purchase or sale orders on behalf of Managed Accounts and
allocate the securities or other assets so purchased or sold, on an average price basis, among such accounts
Pine Ridge may enter into arrangements with brokers to open such “average price” accounts wherein orders
placed during a trading day are placed on behalf of Managed Accounts and are allocated among such accounts
using an average price.
Pine Ridge’s portfolio managers are responsible for the investment decisions made by them on behalf of
clients.
Item 13 - Review of Accounts
A. Periodic Reviews
Pine Ridge performs various daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and periodic reviews of each client’s portfolio.
B. Other Reviews
More frequent reviews may be triggered by material changes in variables such as a client's individual
circumstances, or the market, political or economic environment.
C. Reports
Pine Ridge will provide annual audited financial statements of its proprietary Private Fund to their
partners/shareholders within 120 days of the applicable Private Fund’s fiscal year end.
Investors in the Private Fund will generally receive periodic reports from Pine Ridge documenting the
performance of the Private Fund. In addition, Pine Ridge will issue investors tax reports and audited financial
statements concerning their respective Private Funds within 120 days of the end of the Private Fund’s fiscal
year. Each beneficial owner and interested parties upon the client’s authorization with respect to its Managed
Account typically receive a quarterly commentary letter from Pine Ridge, as well as monthly or quarterly
account statements directly from their respective broker-dealer or custodian.
In addition, Pine Ridge’s personnel may participate in periodic portfolio reviews with clients at Pine Ridge’s
discretion, which are attended by the appropriate members of Pine Ridge’s investment staff.
While all investors generally receive similar information, to the extent an investor receives additional
information (that other investors have not received), which is in addition to information provided in a Private
Fund’s regular reports to investors, such information may provide such investor with greater insight into the
Private Fund’s activities.
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Item 14 - Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Pine Ridge does not pay any third parties for referrals and does not receive any special or added
compensation from any sub-advisers or other unrelated third parties for client referrals.
Item 15 - Custody
Separate Managed Accounts and Private Funds
Pine Ridge is deemed to have custody over certain Separately Managed Accounts because of the Firm’s
ability to transfer assets between certain client accounts. In addition, Pine Ridge has custody over private
fund client(s) because Pine Ridge or an affiliate is the general partner or managing member of the private
fund.
Accordingly, Pine Ridge has engaged an independent public accountant to perform an annual surprise audit of
those accounts of which Pine Ridge has custody or is deemed to have custody. The accountant will file a
Form ADV E with the SEC within 30 days after the completion of the examination.
Custody of separately managed account client assets and private fund assets will be maintained with
independent qualified custodians. Pine Ridge will not have physical custody of any assets in the client’s
accounts except as permitted for payment of advisory fees. Clients will receive directly from the custodian
at least quarterly a statement showing all transactions occurring in the client’s accounts during the period
covered by the account statements, and the funds, securities and other property in the client’s accounts at the
end of the period. Clients are urged to compare the account statements provided by the broker-
dealer/custodian with any statements provided by Pine Ridge.
Item 16 - Investment Discretion
Except where Pine Ridge has delegated investment discretion to a sub-advisor or other investment manager,
Pine Ridge serves as discretionary investment advisor to clients who open Managed Accounts with full power
and authority to supervise and make investment decisions on behalf of Managed Accounts without prior
consultation with clients. Clients may impose reasonable guidelines or restrictions upon Pine Ridge’s ability
to invest on their behalf; provided, however, that a restriction request may not be honored if it is
fundamentally inconsistent with Pine Ridge’s investment philosophy, runs counter to the client’s stated
investment objectives, or would prevent Pine Ridge from properly servicing client accounts. Pine Ridge’s
investment decisions and advice with respect to each Managed Account are subject to each client’s
investment objectives and guidelines, as set forth in the client’s investment management agreement and
investment policy statement, as well as any written instructions provided by the client to Pine Ridge.
Item 17 - Voting Client Securities
Pine Ridge has adopted and implemented policies and procedures for voting proxies with respect to portfolio
securities held by Pine Ridge on behalf of its clients. The policies and procedures are reasonably designed to
ensure that proxies are voted in the clients' best interest, in accordance with the Firm's fiduciary duties and
Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Pine Ridge considers the “best
interests” of its clients to mean their best long-term economic interests.
General Statement of Policies and Procedures
Pine Ridge votes proxies for the exclusive benefit, and in the best economic interest, of its clients. Such
exercise of voting rights shall be subject to the same standard of care as is generally applicable to Pine Ridge’s
performance of its duties, as set forth in the advisory agreement with each client. The policies and procedures
described here are designed to be guidelines. However, each vote is ultimately cast on a case-by-case basis,
taking into consideration the relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote. Any material conflicts
that may arise will be resolved in the best interests of the Firm’s clients.
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Clients may obtain a copy of Pine Ridge’s complete proxy voting policies and procedures upon request.
Clients may also request and obtain information from the Firm on any proxies voted by Pine Ridge on behalf
of their account(s).
Item 18 - Financial Information
A. Prepayment of Fees
Because Pine Ridge does not require or accept prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees six months or more
in advance, Pine Ridge is not required to include a balance sheet with this firm brochure.
B. Financial Condition
Pine Ridge does not have any financial condition that would impair the firm’s ability to meet contractual and
fiduciary commitments to its clients.
C. Bankruptcy
Pine Ridge has never been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
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