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Item 1
Cover Page
Park, Miller, LLC
SEC File Number: 801 – 69027
Form ADV Part 2A, Firm Brochure
Dated: March 28, 2025
Contact: Stuart Park, Chief Compliance Officer
2121 North California Boulevard, Suite 290
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
www.parkmiller.com
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Park, Miller,
LLC. If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact us at (925) 974-
3324 or stuart.park@parkmiller.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities
authority.
Additional information about Park, Miller, LLC is also available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
References herein to Park, Miller, LLC as a “registered investment adviser” or any reference to being
“registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Item 2
Material Changes
Form ADV Part 2A requires registered investment advisers to amend their brochure when information
becomes materially inaccurate. If there are any material changes to an adviser's disclosure brochure, the
adviser is required to notify you and provide you with a description of the material changes. Park, Miller,
LLC filed its last annual update to this Brochure on March 26, 2024. Since that time, this Brochure has
been amended at Item 8 to disclose potential conflicts of interest associated with Park, Miller’s use of
unaffiliated third-party managers.
Our Chief Compliance Officer, Stuart Park, remains available to address any questions that a client or
prospective client may have about any aspect of this Brochure.
Item 3
Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page .................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 Material Changes .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 4 Advisory Business ........................................................................................................................ 3
Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................................ 7
Item 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ............................................................ 9
Item 6
Item 7
Types of Clients ............................................................................................................................ 9
Item 9 Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................................ 11
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................. 11
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .............. 11
Item 12 Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................... 13
Item 13 Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................... 14
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation .................................................................................. 14
Item 15 Custody ....................................................................................................................................... 15
Item 16
Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 15
Item 17 Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................. 16
Item 18 Financial Information ................................................................................................................. 16
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Item 4
Advisory Business
A. Park, Miller, LLC (referred to in this Brochure as “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Registrant”) is
a limited liability company formed on March 24, 2008, in the State of Delaware. The
Registrant became registered as an investment adviser in March 2008. The Registrant is
owned by Stuart Park and John Miller. Stuart Park is the Registrant’s Managing Member
and Chief Compliance Officer.
B. As discussed below, we offer investment advisory services, and financial planning
services, to the extent specifically requested by a client.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
We offer primarily discretionary investment advisory services where we determine a
client’s investment objectives and then manage their account or accounts in accordance
with those investment objectives.
Before engaging us to provide investment advisory services, clients are required to enter
into an Investment Advisory Agreement setting forth the terms and conditions of the
engagement.
We provide investment advisory services specific to the needs of each client. Before
providing investment advisory services, an investment adviser representative will
determine each client’s investment objectives. Thereafter, we invest a client’s assets
consistent with their designated investment objectives. Once invested, we provide periodic
monitoring and review of account performance and compare that performance to the
client’s investment objectives. As needed, we will buy and sell securities in the client’s
account to better align the client’s portfolio with their investment objectives.
Clients may place restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of securities by
making a written request to us. We will confirm whether we accept or reject any request
in writing.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
Upon request, we may provide financial planning or consulting services on investment and
non-investment related matters, including estate planning and insurance planning on a
stand-alone separate fee basis. Before engaging us to provide planning or consulting
services, clients are generally required to enter into a Financial Planning and Consulting
Agreement setting forth the terms and conditions of the engagement.
MISCELLANEOUS
Limitations of Financial Planning and Consulting Services. As indicated above, upon
request, we may provide financial planning and consulting services. We are not a law firm
or accounting firm, and no portion of its services should be construed as legal or accounting
services. Accordingly, we do not prepare estate planning documents or tax returns. If
requested, we may recommend the services of other professionals for implementation
purposes (i.e. attorneys, accountants, insurance agents), including our representatives in
their individual capacities as licensed insurance agents. (See Item 10.C below). The client
is under no obligation to engage the services of any recommended professional. The client
retains absolute discretion over all implementation decisions and is free to accept or reject
any of our recommendations. Clients are responsible for promptly notifying the Registrant
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if there is ever any change in their financial situation or investment objectives so that the
Registrant can review, and if necessary, revise its previous recommendations or services.
The recommendation by Registrant’s representative that a client purchase an insurance
commission product presents a conflict of interest, as the receipt of commissions may
provide an incentive to recommend insurance products based on commissions to be
received, rather than on a particular client’s need. No client is under any obligation to
purchase any insurance commission products through such a representative. Clients are
reminded that they may purchase insurance products recommended by Registrant through
other, non-affiliated insurance agents. Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Stuart Park
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding this conflict of interest.
Unaffiliated Private Investments and Funds. For investors who are qualified (i.e.,
accredited investors or qualified purchasers), Registrant will provide investment advice
regarding unaffiliated private investments, including private investment funds.
Registrant can also recommend, on a non-discretionary basis, that certain clients consider
these investments, where such an investment is consistent with the client’s investment
objectives and risk tolerance. In this respect, our role is limited to performing due diligence
on the investment and monitoring its performance. If a client determines to invest in a
private investment that the Registrant recommends, we generally include the amount of
assets invested as part of “assets under management” when we calculate our investment
advisory fee. Registrant’s clients are under absolutely no obligation to consider or make an
investment in a private investment.
Affiliated Private Investment Fund. The Registrant is affiliated with Park Miller Capital
Partners, LP, a private equity fund (the “Affiliated Fund”). A complete description of the
terms, conditions, risks and fees associated with investing in the Affiliated Fund are set
forth in the Affiliated Fund’s offering documents. The Affiliated Fund is closed to new
investors.
However, because the Registrant and its affiliates can earn compensation from the
Affiliated Fund (both management fees and incentive compensation) that exceeds the fee
that the Registrant would earn under its asset-based fee schedule referenced in Item 5
below, the recommendation that a client become an Affiliated Fund investor presents a
conflict of interest. No client is under any obligation to become a Fund investor. The
Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Stuart Park, remains available to address any
questions regarding this conflict of interest.
Affiliated Private Investment Fund Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities.
In the event that there is a limited investment opportunity that would be suitable for the
Affiliated Fund and Registrant’s individual clients, we generally provide the Affiliated
Fund with first priority up to the limits of the Affiliated Fund’s ability to invest in the
opportunity, before Registrant’s individual clients will be entitled to make direct
investments in the same limited investment opportunity. However, the strategy of the
Affiliated Fund and the investments it seeks to invest in generally differs from the strategy
we use for individual clients.
Private Investment Risk Factors. Private investments generally involve various risk
factors, including, but not limited to, potential for complete loss of principal, liquidity
constraints and lack of transparency, a complete discussion of which is set forth in each
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investment’s offering documents, which will be provided to each client for review and
consideration. Unlike liquid investments that a client may maintain, private investments do
not provide daily liquidity or pricing. Most private investments will require the client to
complete a Subscription Agreement, pursuant to which the client shall establish that they
are qualified for investment and acknowledge and accept the various risk factors that are
associated with the investment.
Private Investment Valuation. In valuing the assets of any private investment, the
Registrant relies on the most recent valuations provided by the issuer or sponsor. For the
Affiliated Fund, the Registrant relies on valuations provided by the underlying investments.
When a fund sponsor or underlying investment has not provided any updated valuations,
the Registrant will use the purchase price as the value of the investment. The current value
of a private investment could be significantly more or less than the original purchase price
or the price reflected in any client report.
Private Debt Transactions/Risks. In appropriate situations, the Registrant can also
recommend that clients consider lending money to private company borrowers. These
loans involve various risk factors, including, but not limited to, potential for complete loss
of principal, liquidity constraints and lack of transparency. If a client takes our
recommendation to lend money to a private company borrower, the amount of the loan
shall generally be included as part of “assets under management” when we calculate our
investment advisory fee. However, we reserve the right to waive part or all of our advisory
fee. Registrant’s clients are under absolutely no obligation to make an investment in private
debt.
QUESTIONS REGARDING PRIVATE INVESTMENTS: The Registrant’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Stuart Park, remains available to address any questions
regarding the risks associated with private investments.
Independent Managers. For clients whose objectives and risk tolerance it is appropriate,
Registrant can invest in, or recommend that a client invest in, one or more unaffiliated
independent investment managers (each an “Independent Managers”). The Independent
Managers will have day-to- day responsibility for the discretionary management of the
allocated assets. Registrant will continue to monitor and review the client’s account
performance, asset allocation and investment objectives. The Registrant generally
considers the following factors when recommending Independent Managers: the client’s
designated investment objectives, and the Independent Manager’s management style,
performance, reputation, reporting, pricing, and research. The investment management fees
charged by the Independent Managers, together with the fees charged by the corresponding
designated broker-dealer/custodian of the client’s assets, are in addition to the Registrant’s
investment advisory fee, which will be disclosed to the client at the point of entering into
the Independent Manager engagement.
Investment Consulting. Clients may engage Registrant to provide non-discretionary
portfolio review services relative to those client assets that are not part of the investment
assets subject to the Registrant’s discretionary investment advisory services discussed
above, and for which the Registrant has no trading-authority. The terms and conditions of
engagement shall generally be set forth in a Limited Consulting Agreement. These
additional client investment assets (the “Excluded Assets”) are generally investment assets
that are managed directly by the client or by other investment professionals engaged by the
client. The Registrant’s portfolio review service is limited to periodic review of information
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pertaining to the Excluded Assets as may be provided to the Registrant by the client, the
other investment professional(s), and/or the account custodian, and does not include
discretionary investment advisory services described above. Accordingly, the client and/or
the investment professionals engaged by the client with respect to such assets, and not the
Registrant, shall be exclusively responsible for the investment performance of the
Excluded Assets, regardless of whether the Registrant includes the Excluded Assets on any
account reports that it may provide to the client. In the event the client desires that the
Registrant provide investment advisory services with respect to the Excluded Assets, the
client may engage the Registrant to do so pursuant to the terms and conditions of the
Investment Advisory Agreement.
Client Obligations. The Registrant will not be required to verify any information received
from the client or from the client’s other professionals and is expressly authorized to rely
on the information in its possession. Clients are responsible for promptly notifying the
Registrant if there is ever any change in their financial situation or investment objectives
so that the Registrant can review, and if necessary, revise its previous recommendations or
services.
Non-Discretionary Service Limitations. Clients that determine to engage Registrant on a
non-discretionary investment advisory basis must be willing to accept that Registrant
cannot effect any account transactions without obtaining prior consent to such
transaction(s) from the client. Thus, in the event that Registrant would like to make a
transaction for a client’s account (including in the event of an individual holding or general
market correction), and the client is unavailable, the Registrant will be unable to effect the
account transaction(s) (as it would for its discretionary clients) without first obtaining the
client’s consent.
Fiduciary Acknowledgement & Retirement Plan Rollovers. A client or prospective
client leaving an employer typically has four options regarding an existing retirement plan
(and may engage in a combination of these options): (i) leave the money in the former
employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over the assets to the new employer’s plan, if one is
available and rollovers are permitted, (iii) roll over to an Individual Retirement Account
(“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value (which could, depending upon the client’s age,
result in adverse tax consequences). If Registrant recommends that a client roll over their
retirement plan assets into an account to be managed by Registrant, such a recommendation
creates a conflict of interest if Registrant will earn new (or increase its current)
compensation as a result of the rollover. No client is under any obligation to roll over
retirement plan assets to an account managed by Registrant.
When we provide investment advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or
individual retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as
applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make money
creates some conflicts with your interests, so we operate under a special rule that requires
us to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Stuart Park, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding its prospective engagement
and the corresponding conflict of interest presented by such engagement.
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Use of Mutual Funds and ETFs. Most mutual funds and exchange-traded funds are
available directly to the public. A client could obtain many of the funds that may be used
by Registrant without engaging Registrant as an investment advisor. However, if a
prospective client determines to do so, they will not receive Registrant’s initial and ongoing
investment advisory services.
eMoney Advisor Platform. Registrant may provide its clients with access to an online
platform hosted by “eMoney Advisor” (“eMoney”). The eMoney platform allows a client
to view their complete asset allocation, including those assets that Registrant does not
manage (the “Excluded Assets”). Registrant does not provide investment management,
monitoring, or implementation services for the Excluded Assets. Therefore, Registrant
shall not be responsible for the investment performance of the Excluded Assets. Rather,
the client and/or their advisor(s) that maintain management authority for the Excluded
Assets, and not Registrant, shall be exclusively responsible for such investment
performance. The client may choose to engage Registrant to manage some or all of the
Excluded Assets pursuant to the terms and conditions of an Investment Advisory
Agreement between Registrant and the client. The eMoney platform also provides access
to other types of information, including financial planning concepts, which should not, in
any manner whatsoever, be construed as services, advice, or recommendations provided
by Registrant. Finally, Registrant shall not be held responsible for any adverse results a
client may experience if the client engages in financial planning or other functions available
on the eMoney platform without Registrant’s assistance or oversight.
Portfolio Activity. The Registrant reviews accounts periodically and as necessary to
determine if any changes are necessary based upon various factors, which may include, but
are not limited to: investment performance, fund manager tenure, style drift, account
additions/withdrawals, and changes in the client’s investment objectives. The Registrant
may determine that changes to a client’s portfolio are unnecessary. Clients are still subject
to the fees described in Item 5 below, even during periods of account inactivity.
C. See Item 4.B above under the heading “Investment Advisory Services” for a description of
how we tailor our advisory services to the individual needs of clients.
D. The Registrant does not participate in a wrap fee program.
E. As of December 31, 2024, the Registrant managed approximately $288,446,889; of which
$288,056,960 was managed on a discretionary basis and $389,929 was managed on a non-
discretionary basis.
Item 5
Fees and Compensation
A. The client can determine to engage the Registrant to provide discretionary investment
advisory services on a fee basis.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The Registrant prices its services based upon various objective and subjective factors.
Some of these factors, include but are not limited to: the representative assigned to the
account, the amount of assets to be invested, the complexity of the engagement, the
anticipated number of meetings and servicing needs, related accounts, future earning
capacity, anticipated future additional assets, and negotiations with the client. As a result,
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Registrant’s clients pay diverse fees, which will impact a client’s net account performance.
Moreover, the services to be provided by the Registrant to any particular client could be
available from other advisers at lower fees. All clients and prospective clients should be
guided accordingly.
Notwithstanding the above, the Registrant’s negotiable annual investment advisory fee is
based upon a percentage of the market value of the assets placed under the Registrant’s
management, generally as follows:
Market Value of Portfolio
Less than $1,000,000
Between $1,000,001 and $3,000,000
Between $3,000,001 and $5,000,000
Between $5,000,001 and $10,000,000
Between $10,000,001 and $15,000,000
Between $15,000,001 and $25,000,000
Between $25,000,001 and $40,000,000
Between $40,000,001 and $50,000,000
Between $50,000,001 and $60.000,000
Between $60,000,001 and $75,000,000
Between $75,000,001 and $100,000,000
$100,000,001 and over
Annual Fee %
1.00%
0.90%
0.80%
0.70%
0.60%
0.55%
0.50%
0.45%
0.425%
0.40%
0.375%
0.35%
The Registrant, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive its investment advisory fee or
make alternate arrangements with clients. The Registrant does not have clients with
portfolios of all the values referenced.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
Registrant’s planning and consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from $5,000
to $20,000 on a fixed fee basis, and $400 on an hourly rate basis, depending upon the level
and scope of the services required and the professionals rendering the services.
B. Clients may elect to have the Registrant’s advisory fees deducted from their custodial
account. Both Registrant’s Investment Advisory Agreement and the custodial/clearing
agreement may authorize the custodian to debit the account for the amount of the
Registrant’s investment advisory fee and to directly remit that management fee to the
Registrant in compliance with regulatory procedures. In the limited event that the
Registrant bills the client directly, payment is due upon receipt of the Registrant’s invoice.
The Registrant shall deduct fees and/or bill clients quarterly in advance, based upon the
market value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter.
C. As discussed below, unless the client directs otherwise or an individual client’s
circumstances require, the Registrant generally recommends that Fidelity Investments
(“Fidelity”) serve as the broker-dealer/custodian for client accounts. Broker-dealers such
as Fidelity charge brokerage commissions and transaction fees for effecting certain
securities transactions (i.e. transaction fees are charged for certain no-load mutual funds,
commissions are charged for individual equity and fixed income securities transactions).
For mutual funds and ETFs, a client will be subject to their respective prorated payment of
internal management fees, distribution fees, redemption fees and other expenses, which all
shareholders in these funds are required to pay, which are fully described in the applicable
fund's prospectus.
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D. The applicable form of client agreement with the Registrant will continue in effect until
terminated by either party by written notice in accordance with the terms of such
agreement. Upon termination, Registrant will debit the client account or bill the client for
the pro-rated portion of the unpaid advanced fee based upon the number of days that
services were provided during the billing quarter (as applicable).
E. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives accept compensation from the sale of
securities or other investment products.
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
The Registrant is entitled to performance-based fees from the Affiliated Fund. Only
investors that meet the definition of “qualified client” under the Investment Advisers Act
of 1940 can be charged performance-based fees. More information about the performance-
based fee can be found in the organizational and offering documents of the Affiliated Fund.
A conflict of interest exists because we generally charge advisory clients an asset-based
fee for the advisory services we provide, but we are entitled to receive performance-based
fees from the Affiliated Fund. As a result, we have an incentive to recommend that an
advisory client invest in the Affiliated Fund, as opposed to holding assets only in separate
accounts and allocating those assets to investment solutions through which we would not
be entitled to receive performance-based fees or allocations. In addition, we have an
incentive to favor the Affiliated Fund so that it performs better and, in turn, we receive a
greater amount of fees. We also may have an incentive to offer investments that we believe
will be more profitable than others to the Affiliated Fund in order to earn more
compensation.
We seek to address these conflicts of interest by disclosing these conflicts to clients and
prospective clients.
Item 7
Types of Clients
The Registrant’s clients shall generally include individuals, pension and profit-sharing
plans, business entities, trusts, estates and charitable organizations.
Item 8
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. The Registrant may utilize the following methods of security analysis:
• Fundamental - (analysis performed on historical and present data, with the goal of
making financial forecasts)
• Technical – (analysis performed on historical and present data, focusing on price
and trade volume, to forecast the direction of prices)
• Cyclical – (analysis performed on historical relationships between price and
market trends, to forecast the direction of prices)
The Registrant may utilize the following investment strategies when implementing
investment advice given to clients:
• Long Term Purchases (securities held at least a year)
• Short Term Purchases (securities sold within a year)
• Trading (securities sold within thirty (30) days)
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Investment Risk. Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be
prepared to bear, including the complete loss of principal investment. Different types of
investments involve varying degrees of risk, and it should not be assumed that future
performance of any specific investment or investment strategy (including the investments
and/or investment strategies recommended or undertaken by the Registrant) will be
profitable or equal any specific performance level(s).
B. The Registrant’s methods of analysis and investment strategies do not present any
significant or unusual risks. However, every method of analysis has its own inherent risks.
To perform an accurate market analysis, the Registrant must have access to current/new
market information. The Registrant has no control over the dissemination rate of market
information; therefore, unbeknownst to the Registrant, certain analyses may be compiled
with outdated market information, severely limiting the value of the Registrant’s analysis.
Furthermore, an accurate market analysis can only produce a forecast of the direction of
market values. There can be no assurances that a forecasted change in market value will
materialize into actionable and/or profitable investment opportunities.
The Registrant’s primary investment strategies - Long Term Purchases, Short Term
Purchases, and Trading - are fundamental investment strategies. However, every
investment strategy has its own inherent risks and limitations. For example, longer term
investment strategies require a longer investment time period to allow for the strategy to
potentially develop. Shorter term investment strategies require a shorter investment time
period to potentially develop but, as a result of more frequent trading, may incur higher
transactional costs when compared to a longer-term investment strategy. Trading, an
investment strategy that requires the purchase and sale of securities within a thirty (30) day
investment time period, involves a very short investment time period but will incur higher
transaction costs when compared to a short-term investment strategy and substantially
higher transaction costs than a longer term investment strategy.
Covered Call Writing. Covered call writing is the sale of in-, at-, or out-of- the money
call options against a long security position held in a client portfolio. This type of
transaction is used to generate income. It also serves to create downside protection in the
event the security position declines in value. Income is received from the proceeds of the
option sale. Such income may be reduced to the extent it is necessary to buy back the option
position prior to its expiration. There can be no assurance that the security will not be called
away by the option buyer, which will result in the client (option writer) to lose ownership
in the security and incur potential unintended tax consequences.
C. Currently, the Registrant primarily allocates client investment assets among various mutual
funds, ETFs, bond funds, and Independent Managers on a discretionary basis in accordance
with the client’s designated investment objectives. For investors with appropriate risk
tolerance and investment objectives, the Registrant can also recommend alternative
investments, including private notes and private investment funds, on a non-discretionary
basis.
As discussed in Item 4 above, the Registrant, if appropriate, will engage Independent
Managers to manage client accounts. In some cases, these Independent Managers have the
ability to invest client assets in proprietary funds or investment products managed or
affiliated with the Independent Manager. This practice creates a conflict of interest, as the
Independent Manager or its affiliates may receive additional fees or compensation from
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such investments, which could create an incentive to favor proprietary products over other
investment opportunities that may be in the client’s best interest.
To mitigate these conflicts, the Registrant has policies and procedures in place to ensure
that investment recommendations are made in the client’s best interest. Additionally, the
Registrant will review investments made by Independent Managers for consistency with
clients’ investment objectives. Clients are encouraged to review all disclosures related to
proprietary investments and ask any questions about potential conflicts of interest.
Item 9
Disciplinary Information
The Registrant has not been the subject of any disciplinary actions.
Item 10
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application pending
to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
B. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application pending
to register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a commodity
trading advisor, or a representative of the foregoing.
C. Licensed Insurance Agents. Certain of Registrant’s representatives, in their individual
capacities, are licensed insurance agents, and may recommend the purchase of certain
insurance policies or products on a commission basis. The recommendation that a client
purchase an insurance product presents a conflict of interest, as the receipt of commissions
may provide an incentive to recommend policies or products based on commissions to be
received, rather than on a particular client’s need. No client is under any obligation to
purchase any commission products from Registrant’s representatives. Clients are reminded
that they may purchase insurance products recommended by Registrant through other, non-
affiliated insurance agents. The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Stuart Park,
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above conflict of interest.
D. The Registrant does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment
advisors that it recommends or selects for its clients.
Item 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
A. The Registrant maintains an investment policy relative to personal securities transactions.
This investment policy is part of Registrant’s overall Code of Ethics, which serves to
establish a standard of business conduct for all of Registrant’s Representatives that is based
upon fundamental principles of openness, integrity, honesty and trust, a copy of which is
available upon request.
In accordance with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Registrant
also maintains and enforces written policies reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of
11
material non-public information by the Registrant or any person associated with the
Registrant.
B. As disclosed above, the Registrant has a financial interest in the Affiliated Fund. The
Registrant, on a non-discretionary basis, may recommend that qualified clients consider
investing in the Affiliated Fund. The terms and conditions for participation in the Affiliated
Fund, including management and incentive fees, conflicts of interest, and risk factors, are
set forth in the fund’s offering documents. Registrant’s clients are under absolutely no
obligation to make an investment in the Affiliated Fund. The Registrant’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Stuart Park, remains available to address any questions that a client
or prospective client may have regarding the conflicts of interest investing in the Affiliated
Fund creates.
In addition, certain employees of the Registrant have made investments in private notes
that we also recommended to clients. In the event of default, this employee may take
actions that differ from, or that are similar to, other noteholders, to protect his own
individual investment. We will continue to advise clients regarding their investment in
private notes in the event of default, unless we believe that our advice has become
conflicted, in which event we will notify clients. However, in no event will we provide
legal advice about any investment in default. Clients are advised that they should seek
their own legal counsel to discuss any remedies in the event of default.
C. The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities that are
also recommended to clients. This practice may create a situation where the Registrant
and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a position to materially benefit from the sale
or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation creates a potential conflict of
interest. Practices such as “scalping” (i.e., a practice whereby the owner of shares of a
security recommends that security for investment and then immediately sells it at a profit
upon the rise in the market price which follows the recommendation) could take place if
the Registrant did not have adequate policies in place to detect such activities. In addition,
this requirement can help detect insider trading, “front-running” (i.e., personal trades
executed prior to those of the Registrant’s clients) and other potentially abusive practices.
The Registrant has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal
securities transactions and securities holdings of each of the Registrant’s “Access Persons”.
The Registrant’s securities transaction policy requires that Access Person of the Registrant
must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee with a written report of
their current securities holdings within ten (10) days after becoming an Access Person.
Additionally, each Access Person must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her
designee with a written report of the Access Person’s current securities holdings at least
once each twelve (12) month period thereafter on a date the Registrant selects.
D. The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities, at or
around the same time as those securities are recommended to clients. This practice creates
a situation where the Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a position to
materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation
creates a potential conflict of interest. As indicated above in Item 11 C, the Registrant has
a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal securities
transaction and securities holdings of each of Registrant’s Access Persons.
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Item 12
Brokerage Practices
A. In the event that the client requests that the Registrant recommend a broker-
dealer/custodian for execution and/or custodial services (exclusive of those clients that may
direct the Registrant to use a specific broker-dealer/custodian), Registrant generally
recommends that investment advisory accounts be maintained at Fidelity. Before engaging
Registrant to provide investment advisory services, the client will be required to enter into
a formal Investment Advisory Agreement with Registrant setting forth the terms and
conditions under which Registrant shall manage the client’s assets, and a separate
custodial/clearing agreement with each designated broker-dealer/custodian.
Factors that the Registrant considers in recommending Fidelity (or any other broker-
dealer/custodian to clients) include historical relationship with the Registrant, financial
strength, reputation, execution capabilities, pricing, research, and service. Although the
commissions and/or transaction fees paid by Registrant’s clients shall comply with the
Registrant’s duty to seek to obtain best execution, a client may pay a commission that is
higher than another qualified broker-dealer might charge to effect the same transaction
where the Registrant determines, in good faith, that the commission/transaction fee is
reasonable. In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible
cost, but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into
consideration the full range of a broker-dealer services, including the value of research
provided, execution capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly,
although Registrant will seek competitive rates, it may not necessarily obtain the lowest
possible commission rates for client account transactions. The brokerage commissions or
transaction fees charged by the designated broker-dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in
addition to, Registrant’s investment advisory fee.
1. Non-Soft Dollar Research and Additional Economic Benefits
Registrant receives from Fidelity and potentially other broker-dealers, custodians,
investment platforms, unaffiliated investment managers, vendors, or fund sponsors
free or discounted support services and products. Certain of these products and services
assist the Registrant to better monitor and service client accounts maintained at these
institutions. The support services that Registrant obtains can include investment-
related research; pricing information and market data; compliance or practice
management-related publications; discounted or free attendance at conferences,
educational or social events; or other products used by Registrant to further its
investment management business operations.
Certain of the support services or products received may assist the Registrant in
managing and administering client accounts. Others do not directly provide this
assistance, but rather assist the Registrant to manage and further develop its business
enterprise.
Registrant’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected or assets
maintained at Fidelity because of these arrangements. There is no corresponding
commitment made by the Registrant to Fidelity or any other entity to invest any
specific amount or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities
or other investment products because of the above arrangements
2. The Registrant does not receive referrals from broker-dealers.
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3. Directed Brokerage.
The Registrant does not generally accept directed brokerage arrangements (when a
client requires that account transactions be effected through a specific broker-dealer).
In such client directed arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements
for their account with that broker-dealer, and Registrant will not seek better execution
services or prices from other broker-dealers or be able to “batch” the client’s
transactions for execution through other broker-dealers with orders for other accounts
managed by Registrant. As a result, a client may pay higher commissions or other
transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices, on transactions
for the account than would otherwise be the case.
In the event that the client directs Registrant to effect securities transactions for the
client’s accounts through a specific broker-dealer, the client correspondingly
acknowledges that such direction may cause the accounts to incur higher commissions
or transaction costs than the accounts would otherwise incur had the client determined
to effect account transactions through alternative clearing arrangements that may be
available through Registrant. Higher transaction costs adversely impact account
performance. Transactions for directed accounts will generally be executed following
the execution of portfolio transactions for non-directed accounts.
B. To the extent that the Registrant provides investment advisory services to its clients, the
transactions for each client account generally will be effected independently, unless the
Registrant decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at
approximately the same time. The Registrant may (but is not obligated to) combine or
“bunch” such orders to obtain best execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates
or to allocate equitably among the Registrant’s clients differences in prices and
commissions or other transaction costs that might have been obtained had such orders been
placed independently. Under this procedure, transactions will be averaged as to price and
will be allocated among clients in proportion to the purchase and sale orders placed for
each client account on any given day. The Registrant shall not receive any additional
compensation or remuneration as a result of such aggregation.
Item 13
Review of Accounts
A. For those clients to whom Registrant provides investment supervisory services, account
reviews are conducted on a periodic basis by the Registrant’s Principal and/or
representatives. All investment advisory clients are advised that it remains their
responsibility to advise the Registrant of any changes in their investment objectives or
financial situation. All clients (in person or via telephone) are encouraged to review
financial planning issues (to the extent applicable), investment objectives and account
performance with the Registrant on an annual basis.
B. The Registrant may conduct account reviews on an other than periodic basis upon the
occurrence of a triggering event, such as a change in a client’s investment objectives or
financial situation, market corrections and at the client’s request.
C. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation notices and
regular written summary account statements directly from the broker-dealer/custodian for
the client’s accounts. The Registrant may also provide a written periodic report
summarizing account activity and performance.
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Item 14
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. As referenced in Item 12.A.1 above, the Registrant receives certain economic benefits from
Fidelity.
B. Neither Registrant, nor its Representatives, compensate any non-supervised person for
client referrals.
Item 15
Custody
The Registrant is deemed to have “custody” of client’s cash and securities, because (i) it
has the ability to have its advisory fees debited by the custodian on a quarterly basis, and
(ii) certain clients have granted the Registrant with the authority to transfer client cash to
third parties.
Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation notices and
regular written summary account statements directly from their broker-dealer/custodian.
The Registrant may also provide a written periodic report summarizing account activity
and performance.
To the extent that the Registrant provides clients with periodic account statements or
reports, the client is urged to compare any statement or report provided by the Registrant
with the account statements received from the account custodian. The account custodian
does not verify the accuracy of the Registrant’s advisory fee calculation.
We are also subject to the custody rule because of our management of the Affiliated Fund.
However, we are not required to comply with certain requirements of the custody rule with
respect to the Affiliated Fund, because we comply with the provisions of the “audit
exception” for pooled investment vehicles. Among other things, the exception requires
that a private fund be subject to audit at least annually by an independent public accountant
that is registered with, and subject to regular inspection by, the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board, and requires that the private fund distribute its audited
financial statements to all investors within 120 days (or 180 days for fund of funds) after
the end of its fiscal year.
Item 16
Investment Discretion
The client can determine to engage the Registrant to provide investment advisory services
on a discretionary basis. Before the Registrant assumes discretionary authority over a
client’s account, the client shall be required to execute an Investment Advisory Agreement,
naming the Registrant as client’s attorney and agent in fact, granting the Registrant full
authority to buy, sell, or otherwise effect investment transactions involving the assets in
the client’s name found in the discretionary account.
Clients who engage the Registrant on a discretionary basis may, at any time, impose
restrictions, in writing, on the Registrant’s discretionary authority (i.e. limit the
types/amounts of particular securities purchased for their account, exclude the ability to
purchase securities with an inverse relationship to the market, limit or proscribe the
Registrant’s use of margin, etc.).
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Item 17
Voting Client Securities
A. Except for accounts managed by Independent Manager(s), (for which the Independent
Managers will generally retain proxy voting responsibility) the Registrant does not vote
client proxies. Clients maintain exclusive responsibility for: (1) directing the manner in
which proxies solicited by issuers of securities beneficially owned by the client shall be
voted, and (2) making all elections relative to any mergers, acquisitions, tender offers,
bankruptcy proceedings or other type events pertaining to the client’s investment assets.
B. Clients will receive their proxies or other solicitations directly from their custodian.
Clients may contact the Registrant to discuss any questions they may have with a particular
solicitation.
Item 18
Financial Information
A. The Registrant does not solicit fees of more than $1,200, per client, six months or more in
advance.
B. The Registrant is unaware of any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its
ability to meet its contractual commitments relating to its discretionary authority over
certain client accounts.
C. The Registrant has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
ANY QUESTIONS: The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Stuart Park,
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may
have regarding this Brochure.
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