View Document Text
Keebeck Wealth Management
150 N. Riverside Plaza
Suite 1850
Chicago, IL 60606
Telephone: 312-825-1200
March 28, 2025
FORM ADV PART 2A
BROCHURE
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Keebeck
Partners, LLC d/b/a Keebeck Wealth Management. If you have any questions about the contents of
this brochure, contact us at 312-825-1200. The information in this brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about Keebeck Wealth Management is available on the SEC's website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Keebeck Wealth Management is a registered investment adviser. Registration with the United States
Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities authority does not imply a certain level of
skill or training.
1
Item 2 Summary of Material Changes
Form ADV Part 2 requires registered investment advisers to amend their brochure when information
becomes materially inaccurate. If there are any material changes to an adviser's disclosure brochure,
the adviser is required to notify you and provide you with a description of the material changes.
Since the filing of our last annual updating amendment, dated March 29, 2024, we have no material
changes to report.
2
Item 3 Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page
Item 2 Summary of Material Changes
Item 3 Table of Contents
Item 4 Advisory Business
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Item 7 Types of Clients
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Item 15 Custody
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
Item 18 Financial Information
Item 19 Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
Page 4
Page 6
Page 8
Page 8
Page 8
Page 14
Page 14
Page 15
Page 16
Page 19
Page 19
Page 20
Page 20
Page 20
Page 21
Page 21
3
Item 4 Advisory Business
Description of Firm
Keebeck Partners, LLC d/b/a Keebeck Wealth Management is a registered investment adviser
primarily based in Chicago, IL. We are organized as a limited liability company ("LLC") under the laws
of the State of Delaware. We have been providing investment advisory services since July 2018. We
are primarily owned by Mr. Bruce Lee, Managing Member.
The following paragraphs describe our services and fees. Refer to the description of each investment
advisory service listed below for information on how we tailor our advisory services to your individual
needs. As used in this brochure, the words "we," "our," and "us" refer to Keebeck Wealth
Management and the words "you," "your," and "client" refer to you as either a client or prospective
client of our firm.
Portfolio Management Services
We offer discretionary portfolio management services. Our investment advice is tailored to meet our
clients' needs and investment objectives. If you participate in our discretionary portfolio management
services, we require you to grant us discretionary authority to manage your account. Subject to a grant
of discretionary authorization, we have the authority and responsibility to formulate investment
strategies on your behalf. Discretionary authorization will allow us to determine the specific securities,
and the amount of securities, to be purchased or sold for your account without obtaining your approval
prior to each transaction. We will also have discretion over the broker or dealer to be used for
securities transactions, and over the commission rates to be paid. Discretionary authority is typically
granted by the investment advisory agreement you sign with our firm, a power of attorney, or trading
authorization forms. You may limit our discretionary authority (for example, limiting the types of
securities that can be purchased or sold for your account) by providing our firm with your restrictions
and guidelines in writing.
We may also offer non-discretionary portfolio management services. If you enter into non-discretionary
arrangements with our firm, we must obtain your approval prior to executing any transactions on behalf
of your account. You have an unrestricted right to decline to implement any advice provided by our firm
on a non-discretionary basis.
We have entered into a contractual relationship with Dynasty Financial Partners, LLC ("Dynasty"),
which provides our firm with operational and back office support including access to a network of
service providers. Through the Dynasty network of service providers, we may receive preferred pricing
on trading technology, reporting, custody, brokerage, compliance and other related services. Dynasty
charges a "Platform Fee," for which, unless otherwise disclosed, you will be charged, separate from
and in addition to our annual investment management fee described in Item 5 below. In
addition, Dynasty's subsidiary, Dynasty Wealth Management, LLC ("DWM"), a registered investment
adviser, that provides access to a range of investment services including: separately managed
accounts ("SMA"), mutual fund and ETF asset allocation strategies, and unified managed accounts
("UMA") managed by external third party managers (collectively, the "Investment Programs"). Our firm
and our clients may separately engage the services of Dynasty and/or its subsidiaries to access the
Investment Programs. Under the SMA and UMA programs, we will maintain the ability to select the
specific, underlying third party managers that will, in turn, have day-to-day discretionary trading
authority over the requisite client assets.
DWM sponsors an investment management platform (the "Platform" or the "TAMP") that is available to
its Network Advisers, such as our firm. Through the Platform, DWM and Dynasty collectively provide
certain technology, administrative, operations and advisory support services that allow advisers to
manage their own portfolios and access independent third-party managers that provide discretionary
4
services in the form of traditional managed accounts and investment models. Advisers can allocate all
or a portion of client assets among the different independent third-party managers via the Platform.
Advisers may also use the model management feature of the TAMP by creating their own asset
allocation model and underlying investments that comprise the model. Through the model
management feature, advisers may be able to outsource the implementation of trade orders and
periodic rebalancing of the model when needed.
We will maintain the direct contractual relationship with each client and obtain, through such
agreements, the authority to engage independent third-party managers, DWM and/or Dynasty, as
applicable, for services rendered through the Platform in service of such client. We may delegate
discretionary trading authority to DWM and/or independent third-party managers to effect investment
and reinvestment of client assets with the ability to buy, sell or otherwise effect investment transactions
and allocate client assets. If a client is participating in certain Investment Programs, DWM or the
designated manager, as applicable, is also authorized without prior consultation of our firm or the client
to buy, sell, trade or allocate such client's assets in accordance with the client's designated portfolio
and to deliver instructions to the designated broker-dealer and/or custodian of such client's assets.
Clients whose assets are invested in model portfolios may not set restrictions on the specific holdings
or allocations within the model, nor the types of securities that can be purchased in the model.
Nonetheless, clients may impose restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of securities in
their account. In such cases, this may prevent a client from investing in certain models that are
managed by our firm.
Sub-Advisory Services to Private Fund
We are sub-advisor to Keebeck Hedge Plus, LP (the "Fund), a pooled investment vehicle that
is excluded from the definition of an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940,
and whose securities are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Fund is in
the process of winding down, therefore, it is not open to new investors.
Wrap Fee Programs
We do not participate in any wrap fee program.
Rollover Recommendations
Effective December 20, 2021 (or such later date as the US Department of Labor ("DOL") Field
Assistance Bulletin 2018-02 ceases to be in effect), for purposes of complying with the DOL's
Prohibited Transaction Exemption 2020-02 ("PTE 2020-02") where applicable, we are providing the
following acknowledgment to you. When we provide investment advice to you regarding your
retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I
of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable,
which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make money creates some conflicts with
your interests, so we operate under a special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not
put our interest ahead of yours. Under this special rule's provisions, we must:
• Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give prudent
advice).
• Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice).
• Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments.
• Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best
interest.
• Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
• Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
5
We benefit financially from the rollover of your assets from a retirement account to an account that we
manage or provide investment advice, because the assets increase our assets under management
and, in turn, our advisory fees. As a fiduciary, we only recommend a rollover when we believe it is in
your best interest.
Types of Investments
We primarily offer advice on ETFs, bonds, equities, mutual funds, currencies, and alternatives. Refer to
the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss below for additional disclosures on
this topic.
Additionally, we may advise you on various types of investments based on your stated goals and
objectives. We may also provide advice on any type of investment held in your portfolio at the inception
of our advisory relationship.
Assets Under Management
As of February 19, 2025, we provide continuous management services for $1,620,443,949 in client
assets on a discretionary basis, and $0 in client assets on a non-discretionary basis.
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Portfolio Management Services
Our annual fee for portfolio management services is equal to 1.50% of the market value of your assets
under our management, which is negotiable based on the type and complexity of the asset
management services provided, as well as the level of administration requested either directly or
assumed by the client. Assets in each of your account(s) are included in the fee assessment unless
specifically identified in writing for exclusion.
Our annual portfolio management fee is billed and payable on a pro-rata basis, quarterly in advance,
based on the value of the assets being managed by our firm on the last day of the previous quarter.
Adjustments will be made for deposits and withdrawals in excess of $50,000 during the quarter. If the
portfolio management agreement is executed at any time other than the first day of a calendar quarter,
our fees will apply on a pro rata basis, which means that the advisory fee is payable in proportion to
the number of days in the quarter for which you are a client. In the event the portfolio management
agreement is terminated, the fee for the final billing period will be prorated through the effective date of
termination, and the outstanding or unearned portion of the fee will be charged or refunded to you, as
appropriate. Our advisory fee is negotiable, depending on individual client circumstances.
We will deduct our fee directly from your account through the qualified custodian holding your funds
and securities. We will deduct our advisory fee only when you have given our firm written authorization
permitting the fees to be paid directly from your account. Further, the qualified custodian will deliver an
account statement to you at least quarterly. These account statements will show all disbursements
from your account. You should review all statements for accuracy.
You may terminate the portfolio management agreement upon 30 days written notice. You will incur a
pro rata charge for services rendered prior to the termination of the portfolio management agreement,
which means you will incur advisory fees only in proportion to the number of days in the quarter for
which you are a client. If you have pre-paid advisory fees that we have not yet earned, you will receive
a prorated refund of those fees.
6
As discussed above, we use Dynasty's TAMP services. TAMP related charges are not included in the
investment management fee you pay to our firm. You will be charged, separate from and in addition to
your investment management fee, any applicable Platform Fees as well as applicable independent
manager fees. We do not receive any portion of the fees paid directly to Dynasty or the service
providers made available through its platform, including the independent managers.
Each of the Platform Fee and independent manager fees are determined by the particular program(s)
and manager(s) with which your assets are invested, and are calculated based upon a percentage of
your assets under management, as applicable. The Platform Fee generally ranges from 0 - .45%
annually, independent fixed income manager fees generally range from 0 - .90% annually, and
independent equity manager fees generally range from 0 – 1.50% annually.
You will note the total fee reflected on your custodial statement will represent the sum of our
investment management fee, Platform Fee(s), and independent manager fee(s), accordingly. You
should review such statements to determine the total amount of fees associated with your requisite
investments, and you should review your investment management agreement with our firm to
determine the investment management fee you pay to us.
We do not receive any portion of the fees paid directly to Dynasty or the service providers made
available through its platform, including the independent managers. Each independent manager fees is
determined by the particular program(s) and manager(s) with which your assets are invested, and is
calculated based upon a percentage of your assets under management, as applicable. Independent
fixed income manager fees generally range from 0 - .90% annually, and independent equity manager
fees generally range from 0 – 1.50% annually. You will note the total fee reflected on your custodial
statement will represent the sum of our investment management fee, and independent manager fee(s),
accordingly. You should review such statements to determine the total amount of fees associated with
your requisite investments, and you should review your investment management agreement with our
firm to determine the investment management fee you pay to us.
In limited circumstances, you may be required to sign an agreement directly with the recommended
third party manager(s). In those cases, you may pay an additional fee directly to such manager(s) and
you may terminate your advisory relationship with the third party manager according to the terms of
your agreement with the third party manager. You should review each such third party manager's
brochure for specific information on their advisory fees and how you may terminate your advisory
relationship with the third party manager and how you may receive a refund, if applicable. You should
contact the third party manager directly for questions regarding your advisory agreement with these
third party managers.
Sub-Advisory Services to Private Fund
Investors in the Fund will pay a 0.35% annualized management fee in connection with their investment
in the Fund. We do not share in the management fee imposed by the primary investment adviser to the
Fund or charge a fee that is in addition to the fee you pay our firm for portfolio management
services. Investors should refer to the Fund's Governing Documents for information on fees and other
expenses related to investing in the Fund.
Additional Fees and Expenses
As part of our investment advisory services to you, we may invest, or recommend that you invest, in
mutual funds and exchange traded funds. The fees that you pay to our firm for investment advisory
services are separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by mutual funds or exchange
traded funds (described in each fund's prospectus) to their shareholders. These fees will generally
include a management fee and other fund expenses. You will also incur transaction charges and/or
brokerage fees when purchasing or selling securities. These charges and fees are typically imposed by
7
the broker-dealer or custodian through whom your account transactions are executed. We do not
share in any portion of the brokerage fees/transaction charges imposed by the broker-dealer or
custodian. Additionally, advisory fees charged by third party managers are separate from, and in
addition to, our advisory fees. You will note the total fee deducted from your custodial statement will
reflect our fee and any third party manager's fee, as applicable. You should review your statements to
determine the total amount of investment management fees associated with the use of such third party
managers, and you should review your investment management agreement with our firm to determine
the advisory fee you pay to us. To fully understand the total cost you will incur, you should review all
the fees charged by mutual funds, exchange traded funds, third party managers, our firm, and others.
For information on our brokerage practices, refer to the Brokerage Practices section of this brochure.
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
We do not accept performance-based fees or participate in side-by-side management. Performance-
based fees are fees that are based on a share of a capital gains or capital appreciation of a client's
account. Side-by-side management refers to the practice of managing accounts that are charged
performance-based fees while at the same time managing accounts that are not charged performance-
based fees. Our fees are calculated as described in the Fees and Compensation section above, and
are not charged on the basis of a share of capital gains upon, or capital appreciation of, the funds in
your advisory account.
Item 7 Types of Clients
We offer investment advisory services to individuals (other than high net worth individuals), high net
worth individuals, pension and profit sharing plans, and corporations or other businesses not listed
above.
In general, we require a minimum of $250,000 to open and maintain an advisory account. At our
discretion, we may waive this minimum account size. For example, we may waive the minimum if you
appear to have significant potential for increasing your assets under our management.
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Our Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
We use one or more of the following methods of analysis or investment strategies when providing
investment advice to you:
Charting Analysis - involves the gathering and processing of price and volume pattern information for
a particular security, sector, broad index or commodity. This price and volume pattern information is
analyzed. The resulting pattern and correlation data is used to detect departures from expected
performance and diversification and predict future price movements and trends.
Risk: Our charting analysis may not accurately detect anomalies or predict future price
movements. Current prices of securities may reflect all information known about the security and
day-to-day changes in market prices of securities may follow random patterns and may not be
predictable with any reliable degree of accuracy.
Technical Analysis - involves studying past price patterns, trends and interrelationships in the
financial markets to assess risk-adjusted performance and predict the direction of both the overall
market and specific securities.
8
Risk: The risk of market timing based on technical analysis is that our analysis may not accurately
detect anomalies or predict future price movements. Current prices of securities may reflect all
information known about the security and day-to-day changes in market prices of securities may
follow random patterns and may not be predictable with any reliable degree of accuracy.
Fundamental Analysis - involves analyzing individual companies and their industry groups, such as a
company's financial statements, details regarding the company's product line, the experience and
expertise of the company's management, and the outlook for the company and its industry. The
resulting data is used to measure the true value of the company's stock compared to the current
market value.
Risk: The risk of fundamental analysis is that information obtained may be incorrect and the
analysis may not provide an accurate estimate of earnings, which may be the basis for a stock's
value. If securities prices adjust rapidly to new information, utilizing fundamental analysis may not
result in favorable performance.
Long-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that the value of those securities
will grow over a relatively long period of time, generally greater than one year.
Risk: Using a long-term purchase strategy generally assumes the financial markets will go up in
the long-term which may not be the case. There is also the risk that the segment of the market
that you are invested in or perhaps just your particular investment will go down over time even if
the overall financial markets advance. Purchasing investments long-term may create an
opportunity cost - "locking-up" assets that may be better utilized in the short-term in other
investments.
Margin Transactions - a securities transaction in which an investor borrows money to purchase a
security, in which case the security serves as collateral on the loan.
Risk: If the value of the shares drops sufficiently, the investor will be required to either deposit
more cash into the account or sell a portion of the stock in order to maintain the margin
requirements of the account. This is known as a "margin call." An investor's overall risk includes
the amount of money invested plus the amount that was loaned to them.
Option Writing - a securities transaction that involves selling an option. An option is a contract that
gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a particular security at a specified price
on or before the expiration date of the option. When an investor sells a call option, he or she must
deliver to the buyer a specified number of shares if the buyer exercises the option. When an investor
sells a put option, he or she must pay the strike price per share if the buyer exercises the option, and
will receive the specified number of shares. The option writer/seller receives a premium (the market
price of the option at a particular time) in exchange for writing the option.
Risk: Options are complex investments and can be very risky, especially if the investor does not
own the underlying stock. In certain situations, an investor's risk can be unlimited.
Our investment strategies and advice may vary depending upon each client's specific financial
situation. As such, we determine investments and allocations based upon your predefined objectives,
risk tolerance, time horizon, financial information, liquidity needs and other various suitability factors.
Your restrictions and guidelines may affect the composition of your portfolio. It is important that you
notify us immediately with respect to any material changes to your financial circumstances,
including for example, a change in your current or expected income level, tax circumstances, or
employment status.
9
We will not perform quantitative or qualitative analysis of individual securities. Instead, we will advise
you on how to allocate your assets among various classes of securities or third party money
managers. We primarily rely on investment model portfolios and strategies developed by the third party
money managers and their portfolio managers. We may replace/recommend replacing a third party
money manager if there is a significant deviation in characteristics or performance from the stated
strategy and/or benchmark.
Tax Considerations
Our strategies and investments may have unique and significant tax implications. However, unless we
specifically agree otherwise, and in writing, tax efficiency is not our primary consideration in the
management of your assets. Regardless of your account size or any other factors, we strongly
recommend that you consult with a tax professional regarding the investing of your assets.
Custodians and broker-dealers must report the cost basis of equities acquired in client accounts. Your
custodian will default to the First-In First-Out ("FIFO") accounting method for calculating the cost basis
of your investments. You are responsible for contacting your tax advisor to determine if this accounting
method is the right choice for you. If your tax advisor believes another accounting method is more
advantageous, provide written notice to our firm immediately and we will alert your account custodian
of your individually selected accounting method. Decisions about cost basis accounting methods will
need to be made before trades settle, as the cost basis method cannot be changed after settlement.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that you should be prepared to bear. We do not represent or
guarantee that our services or methods of analysis can or will predict future results, successfully
identify market tops or bottoms, or insulate clients from losses due to market corrections or declines.
We cannot offer any guarantees or promises that your financial goals and objectives will be met. Past
performance is in no way an indication of future performance.
Other Risk Considerations
When evaluating risk, financial loss may be viewed differently by each client and may depend on many
different risks, each of which may affect the probability and magnitude of any potential losses. The
following risks may not be all-inclusive, but should be considered carefully by a prospective client
before retaining our services.
Liquidity Risk: The risk of being unable to sell your investment at a fair price at a given time due to high
volatility or lack of active liquid markets. You may receive a lower price or it may not be possible to sell
the investment at all.
Credit Risk: Credit risk typically applies to debt investments such as corporate, municipal, and
sovereign fixed income or bonds. A bond issuing entity can experience a credit event that could impair
or erase the value of an issuer's securities held by a client.
Inflation and Interest Rate Risk: Security prices and portfolio returns will likely vary in response to
changes in inflation and interest rates. Inflation causes the value of future dollars to be worth less and
may reduce the purchasing power of a client's future interest payments and principal. Inflation also
generally leads to higher interest rates which may cause the value of many types of fixed income
investments to decline.
Horizon and Longevity Risk: The risk that your investment horizon is shortened because of an
unforeseen event, for example, the loss of your job. This may force you to sell investments that you
10
were expecting to hold for the long term. If you must sell at a time that the markets are down, you may
lose money. Longevity Risk is the risk of outliving your savings. This risk is particularly relevant for
people who are retired, or are nearing retirement.
Recommendation of Particular Types of Securities
We primarily recommend ETFs, bonds, equities, mutual funds, currencies, and alternative investments
such as limited partnerships. However, we may advise on other types of investments as appropriate for
you since each client has different needs and different tolerance for risk. Each type of security has its
own unique set of risks associated with it and it would not be possible to list here all of the specific
risks of every type of investment. Even within the same type of investment, risks can vary widely.
However, in very general terms, the higher the anticipated return of an investment, the higher the risk
of loss associated with the investment.
Stocks: There are numerous ways of measuring the risk of equity securities (also known simply as
"equities" or "stock"). In very broad terms, the value of a stock depends on the financial health of the
company issuing it. However, stock prices can be affected by many other factors including, but not
limited to the class of stock (for example, preferred or common); the health of the market sector of the
issuing company; and, the overall health of the economy. In general, larger, better established
companies ("large cap") tend to be safer than smaller start-up companies ("small cap") are but the
mere size of an issuer is not, by itself, an indicator of the safety of the investment.
Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds: Mutual funds and exchange traded funds ("ETF") are
professionally managed collective investment systems that pool money from many investors and invest
in stocks, bonds, short-term money market instruments, other mutual funds, other securities, or any
combination thereof. The fund will have a manager that trades the fund's investments in accordance
with the fund's investment objective. While mutual funds and ETFs generally provide diversification,
risks can be significantly increased if the fund is concentrated in a particular sector of the market,
primarily invests in small cap or speculative companies, uses leverage (i.e., borrows money) to a
significant degree, or concentrates in a particular type of security (i.e., equities) rather than balancing
the fund with different types of securities. ETFs differ from mutual funds since they can be bought and
sold throughout the day like stock and their price can fluctuate throughout the day. The returns on
mutual funds and ETFs can be reduced by the costs to manage the funds. Also, while some mutual
funds are "no load" and charge no fee to buy into, or sell out of, the fund, other types of mutual funds
do charge such fees which can also reduce returns. Mutual funds can also be "closed end" or "open
end". So-called "open end" mutual funds continue to allow in new investors indefinitely whereas
"closed end" funds have a fixed number of shares to sell which can limit their availability to new
investors.
ETFs may have tracking error risks. For example, the ETF investment adviser may not be able to
cause the ETF's performance to match that of its Underlying Index or other benchmark, which may
negatively affect the ETF's performance. In addition, for leveraged and inverse ETFs that seek to track
the performance of their Underlying Indices or benchmarks on a daily basis, mathematical
compounding may prevent the ETF from correlating with performance of its benchmark. In addition, an
ETF may not have investment exposure to all of the securities included in its Underlying Index, or its
weighting of investment exposure to such securities may vary from that of the Underlying Index. Some
ETFs may invest in securities or financial instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, but
which are expected to yield similar performance.
Digital Assets: Digital Assets generally refers to an asset that is issued and/or transferred using
distributed ledger or blockchain technology, including, "virtual currencies" (also known as crypto-
currencies), "coins", and "tokens". We may invest client accounts in and/or advise clients on the
purchase or sale of digital assets. This advice or investment may be in actual digital
11
coins/tokens/currencies or via investment vehicles such as exchange traded funds (ETFs) or
separately managed accounts (SMAs). The investment characteristics of Digital Assets generally differ
from those of traditional securities, currencies. Digital Assets are not backed by a central bank or a
national, international organization, any hard assets, human capital, or other form of credit and are
relatively new to the market place. Rather, Digital Assets are market-based: a Digital Asset's value is
determined by (and fluctuates often, according to) supply and demand factors, its adoption in the
traditional commerce channels, and/or the value that various market participants place on it through
their mutual agreement or transactions. The lack of history to these types of investments entail certain
unknown risks, are speculative and are not be appropriate for all investors.
Price Volatility of Digital Assets – A principal risk in trading Digital Assets is the rapid fluctuation of
market price. The value of client portfolios relates in part to the value of the Digital Assets held in the
client portfolio and fluctuations in the price of Digital Assets could adversely affect the value of a
client's portfolio. There is no guarantee that a client will be able to achieve a better than average
market price for Digital Assets or will purchase Digital Assets at the most favorable price available. The
price of Digital Assets achieved by a client may be affected generally by a wide variety of complex
factors such as supply and demand; availability and access to Digital Asset service providers (such as
payment processors), exchanges, miners or other Digital Asset users and market participants;
perceived or actual security vulnerability; and traditional risk factors including inflation levels; fiscal
policy; interest rates; and political, natural and economic events.
Digital Asset Service Providers – Service providers that support Digital Assets and the Digital Asset
marketplace(s) may not be subject to the same regulatory and professional oversight as traditional
securities service providers. Further, there is no assurance that the availability of and access to virtual
currency service providers will not be negatively affected by government regulation or supply and
demand of Digital Assets. Accordingly, companies or financial institutions that currently support virtual
currency may not do so in the future.
Custody of Digital Assets – Under the Advisers Act, SEC registered investment advisers are required
to hold securities with "qualified custodians," among other requirements. Certain Digital Assets may be
deemed to be securities. Many Digital Assets do not currently fall under the SEC definition of security
and therefore many of the companies providing Digital Assets custodial services fall outside of the
SEC's definition of "qualified custodian". Accordingly, clients seeking to purchase actual digital
coins/tokens/currencies may need to use nonqualified custodians to hold all or a portion of their Digital
Assets.
Government Oversight of Digital Assets – Regulatory agencies and/or the constructs responsible for
oversight of Digital Assets or a Digital Asset network may not be fully developed and subject to
change. Regulators may adopt laws, regulations, policies or rules directly or indirectly affecting Digital
Assets their treatment, transacting, custody, and valuation.
Limited Partnerships: A limited partnership is a financial affiliation that includes at least one general
partner and a number of limited partners. The partnership invests in a venture, such as real estate
development or oil exploration, for financial gain. The general partner does not usually invest any
capital, but has management authority and unlimited liability. That is, the general partner runs the
business and, in the event of bankruptcy, is responsible for all debts not paid or discharged. The
limited partners have no management authority and confine their participation to their capital
investment. That is, limited partners invest a certain amount of money and have nothing else to do with
the business. However, their liability is limited to the amount of the investment. In the worst-case
scenario for a limited partner, he/she loses what he/she invested. Profits are divided between general
and limited partners according to an arrangement formed at the creation of the partnership.
12
Options Contracts: Options are complex securities that involve risks and are not suitable for
everyone. Option trading can be speculative in nature and carry substantial risk of loss. It is generally
recommended that you only invest in options with risk capital. An option is a contract that gives the
buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a specific price on or before
a certain date (the "expiration date"). The two types of options are calls and puts:
A call gives the holder the right to buy an asset at a certain price within a specific period of time. Calls
are similar to having a long position on a stock. Buyers of calls hope that the stock will increase
substantially before the option expires.
A put gives the holder the right to sell an asset at a certain price within a specific period of time. Puts
are very similar to having a short position on a stock. Buyers of puts hope that the price of the stock
will fall before the option expires.
Selling options is more complicated and can be even riskier.
The option trading risks pertaining to options buyers are:
• Risk of losing your entire investment in a relatively short period of time.
• The risk of losing your entire investment increases if, as expiration nears, the stock is below the
strike price of the call (for a call option) or if the stock is higher than the strike price of the put
(for a put option).
• European style options which do not have secondary markets on which to sell the options prior
to expiration can only realize its value upon expiration.
• Specific exercise provisions of a specific option contract may create risks.
• Regulatory agencies may impose exercise restrictions, which stops you from realizing value.
The option trading risks pertaining to options sellers are:
• Options sold may be exercised at any time before expiration.
• Covered Call traders forgo the right to profit when the underlying stock rises above the strike
price of the call options sold and continues to risk a loss due to a decline in the underlying
stock.
• Writers of Naked Calls risk unlimited losses if the underlying stock rises.
• Writers of Naked Puts risk substantial losses if the underlying stock drops.
• Writers of naked positions run margin risks if the position goes into significant losses. Such
risks may include liquidation by the broker.
• Writers of call options could lose more money than a short seller of that stock could on the
same rise on that underlying stock. This is an example of how the leverage in options can work
against the option trader.
• Writers of Naked Calls are obligated to deliver shares of the underlying stock if those call
options are exercised.
• Call options can be exercised outside of market hours such that effective remedy actions
cannot be performed by the writer of those options.
• Writers of stock options are obligated under the options that they sold even if a trading market
is not available or that they are unable to perform a closing transaction.
• The value of the underlying stock may surge or decline unexpectedly, leading to automatic
exercises.
Other option trading risks are:
• The complexity of some option strategies is a significant risk on its own.
13
• Option trading exchanges or markets and option contracts themselves are open to changes at
all times.
• Options markets have the right to halt the trading of any options, thus preventing investors from
realizing value.
If an options brokerage firm goes insolvent, investors trading through that firm may be affected.
Internationally traded options have special risks due to timing across borders.
• Risk of erroneous reporting of exercise value.
•
•
Risks that are not specific to options trading include market risk, sector risk and individual stock risk.
Option trading risks are closely related to stock risks, as stock options are a derivative of stocks.
Derivatives: Derivatives are types of investments where the investor does not own the underlying
asset. There are many different types of derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, options,
swaps, futures, and forward contracts. Derivatives have numerous uses as well as various risks
associated with them, but they are generally considered an alternative way to participate in the market.
Investors typically use derivatives for three reasons: to hedge a position, to increase leverage, or to
speculate on an asset's movement. The key to making a sound investment is to fully understand the
characteristics and risks associated with the derivative, including, but not limited to counter-party,
underlying asset, price, and expiration risks. The use of a derivative only makes sense if the investor is
fully aware of the risks and understands the impact of the investment within a portfolio strategy. Due to
the variety of available derivatives and the range of potential risks, a detailed explanation of derivatives
is beyond the scope of this disclosure.
Currencies: Currencies are subject to exchange-rate risk, which arises from the change in price of
one currency in relation to another. This risk can result in unpredictable profits and losses.
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
We are required to disclose the facts of any legal or disciplinary events that are material to a client's
evaluation of our advisory business or the integrity of our management.
On 10/23/2019, Mr. Bruce K. Lee, principal of our firm, entered into a Letter of Acceptance, Waiver &
Consent (AWC) with FINRA for the purpose of proposing a settlement of certain rule violations alleged
by FINRA. Without admitting or denying the findings, Mr. Lee consented to the sanctions and to the
entry of findings that he directed two members of his staff to complete continuing education modules
on his behalf, rather than completing the modules himself. As part of the AWC, Mr. Lee consented to a
$15,000 fine, suspension from association with any FINRA member firm, and an undertaking to attend
and satisfactorily complete ten hours of continuing education within 60 days of re-association with a
FINRA member firm.
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
We have not provided information on other financial industry activities and affiliations because we do
not have any relationship or arrangement that is material to our advisory business or to our clients with
any of the types of entities listed below.
• broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government securities dealer or broker.
•
investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including a mutual fund, closed-end
investment company, unit investment trust, private investment company or "hedge fund," and
offshore fund).
futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading advisor.
• other investment adviser or financial planner.
•
14
lawyer or law firm.
insurance company or agency.
real estate broker or dealer.
• banking or thrift institution.
• accountant or accounting firm.
•
•
• pension consultant.
•
• sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships.
Dynasty Financial Partners Program
We maintain a business relationship with Dynasty Financial Partners, LLC ("Dynasty"). Dynasty offers
operational and back office core service support including access to a network of service providers.
Through the Dynasty network of service providers, we may receive preferred pricing on trading
technology, transition support, reporting, custody, brokerage, compliance, and other related consulting
services.
While we believe this open architecture structure for operational services best serves the interests of
our advisory clients, this relationship presents certain conflicts of interest due to the fact that Dynasty
retains a portion of the platform or other third party fees paid by our firm or clients for the services
referenced above. In light of the foregoing, we seek at all times to ensure that any material conflicts are
addressed on a fully-disclosed basis and handled in a manner that is aligned with our clients' best
interests. We do not receive any portion of the fees paid directly to Dynasty, its affiliates or the service
providers made available through Dynasty's platform. In addition, we review all such relationships,
including the service providers engaged through Dynasty, on a periodic basis in an effort to ensure
clients are receiving competitive rates in relation to the quality and scope of the services provided.
Other Investment Adviser
Bruce K. Lee, Managing Member and principal owner of our firm is an indirect owner and co-founder of
Keebeck Alpha, LP, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Mr. Lee is not a control person of Keebeck
Alpha, LP; however, clients of our firm may invest in the private fund managed by Keebeck Alpha, LP.
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
Description of Our Code of Ethics
We strive to comply with applicable laws and regulations governing our practices. Therefore, our Code
of Ethics includes guidelines for professional standards of conduct for persons associated with our
firm. Our goal is to protect your interests at all times and to demonstrate our commitment to our
fiduciary duties of honesty, good faith, and fair dealing with you. All persons associated with our firm
are expected to adhere strictly to these guidelines. Persons associated with our firm are also required
to report any violations of our Code of Ethics. Additionally, we maintain and enforce written policies
reasonably designed to prevent the misuse or dissemination of material, non-public information about
you or your account holdings by persons associated with our firm.
Clients or prospective clients may obtain a copy of our Code of Ethics by contacting us at the
telephone number on the cover page of this brochure.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
Neither our firm nor any persons associated with our firm has any material financial interest in client
transactions beyond the provision of investment advisory services as disclosed in this brochure.
15
Personal Trading Practices
When the firm is purchasing or selling, or considering for purchase or sale a security on behalf of a
client account, certain employees with knowledge of such firm's purchase or sale are not permitted to
effect a transaction in the same security prior to the client purchase or sale having been executed, or
until the firm's decision has been made not to pursue the transaction.
In all other instances where a conflict of interest exists (e.g., our firm or persons associated with
our firm having the ability to trade ahead of you and potentially receive more favorable prices than you
will receive), it is our policy that neither our firm nor persons associated with our firm shall have priority
over your account in the purchase or sale of securities.
Persons associated with our firm are permitted to purchase or sell securities as part of the firm's
aggregated orders. Refer to the Brokerage Practices section in this brochure for information on our
aggregated trading practices.
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
We recommend the brokerage and custodial services of Schwab and Pershing (whether one or more
"Custodian"). Your assets must be maintained in an account at a "qualified custodian," generally a
broker-dealer or bank. In recognition of the value of the services the Custodian provides, you may pay
higher commissions and/or trading costs than those that may be available elsewhere. Our selection of
custodian is based on many factors, including the level of services provided, the custodian's financial
stability, and the cost of services provided by the custodian to our clients, which includes the yield on
cash sweep choices, commissions, custody fees and other fees or expenses.
We seek to recommend a custodian/broker that will hold your assets and execute transactions on
terms that are, overall, the most favorable compared to other available providers and their services.
We consider various factors, including:
• Capability to buy and sell securities for your account itself or to facilitate such services.
• The likelihood that your trades will be executed.
• Availability of investment research and tools.
• Overall quality of services.
• Competitiveness of price.
• Reputation, financial strength, and stability.
• Existing relationship with our firm and our other clients.
Research and Other Soft Dollar Arrangements
We do not have any soft dollar arrangements.
Economic and Other Soft Dollar Benefits
As a registered investment adviser, we have access to the institutional platform of your account
Custodian. As such, we will also have access to research products and services from your account
Custodian and/or other brokerage firm. These products include financial publications, information
about particular companies and industries, research software, and other products or services that
provide lawful and appropriate assistance to our firm in the performance of our investment decision-
making responsibilities. Such research products and services are provided to all investment advisers
that utilize the institutional services platforms of these firms, and are not considered to be paid for with
soft dollars. However, you should be aware that the commissions charged by a particular broker for a
particular transaction or set of transactions may be greater than the amounts another broker who did
not provide research services or products might charge.
16
Schwab - Your Custody and Brokerage Costs
For our clients' accounts it maintains, Schwab generally does not charge you separately for custody
services but is compensated by charging you commissions or other fees on trades that it executes or
that settle into your Schwab account. Certain trades (for example, many mutual funds, and U.S.
exchange-listed equities and ETFs) not incur Schwab commissions or transaction fees. Schwab is also
compensated by earning interest on the uninvested cash in your account in Schwab's Cash Features
Program. Schwab's commission rates and/or asset-based fees applicable to our client accounts were
negotiated based on our commitment to maintain $250 million of our clients' assets statement equity in
accounts at Schwab. This commitment benefits you because the overall commission rates and/or
asset-based fees you pay are lower than they would be if we had not made the commitment. In
addition to commission rates and/or asset-based fees Schwab charges you a flat dollar amount as a
"prime broker" or "trade away" fee for each trade that we have executed by a different broker-dealer
but where the securities bought or the funds from the securities sold are deposited (settled) into your
Schwab account. These fees are in addition to the commissions or other compensation you pay the
executing broker-dealer. Because of this, in order to minimize your trading costs, we have Schwab
execute most trades for your account.
Schwab Adviser Services
Schwab Advisor Services (formerly called Schwab Institutional) is Schwab's business serving
independent investment advisory firms like us. They provide us and our clients with access to its
institutional brokerage – trading, custody, reporting and related services – many of which are not
typically available to Schwab retail customers. Schwab also makes available various support
services. Some of those services help us manage or administer our clients' accounts while others
help us manage and grow our business. Schwab's support services are generally are available on
an unsolicited basis (we don't have to request them) and at no charge to us.
Services that Benefit You
Schwab's institutional brokerage services include access to a broad range of investment products,
execution of securities transactions, and custody of client assets. The investment products
available through Schwab include some to which we might not otherwise have access or that
would require a significantly higher minimum initial investment by our clients. Schwab's services
described in this paragraph generally benefit you and your account.
Services that Do Not Directly Benefit You
Schwab also makes available to us other products and services that benefit us but do not directly
benefit you or your account. These products and services assist us in managing and administering
our clients' accounts. They include investment research, both Schwab's own and that of third
parties. We use this research to service all or some substantial number of our clients' accounts,
including accounts not maintained at Schwab. In addition to investment research, Schwab also
makes available software and other technology that:
• provide access to client account data (such as duplicate trade confirmations and
•
account statements);
facilitate trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple client
accounts;
facilitate payment of our fees from our clients' accounts; and
• provide pricing and other market data;
•
• assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping and client reporting.
Services that Generally Benefit Only Us
Schwab also offers other services intended to help us manage and further develop our business
enterprise. These services include:
17
technology, compliance, legal, and business consulting;
• educational conferences and events;
•
• publications and conferences on practice management and business succession;
• access to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants and insurance
providers; and
• discount of up to $4,250 on PortfolioCenter® Reporting Software.
Schwab provides some of these services itself. In other cases, it will arrange for third-party
vendors to provide the services to us. Schwab also discounts or waives its fees for some of these
services or pay all or a part of a third party's fees. Schwab also provide us with other benefits such
as occasional business entertainment of our personnel.
Our Interest in Schwab's Services
The availability of these services from Schwab benefits us because we do not have to produce or
purchase them. These services give us an incentive to recommend that you maintain your account
with Schwab based on our interest in receiving Schwab's services that benefit our business rather
than based on your interest in receiving the best value in custody services and the most favorable
execution of your transactions. This is a potential conflict of interest. We believe, however, that our
selection of Schwab as custodian and broker is in the best interests of our clients. It is primarily
supported by the scope, quality and price of Schwab's services (based on the factors discussed
above – see "The Custodian and Broker We Use") and not Schwab's services that benefit only us.
We do not believe that maintaining our client's assets at Schwab for services presents a material
conflict of interest.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
We do not receive client referrals from broker-dealers in exchange for cash or other compensation,
such as brokerage services or research.
Directed Brokerage
We routinely require that you direct our firm to execute transactions through Pershing or Schwab. As
such, we may be unable to achieve the most favorable execution of your transactions and you may
pay higher brokerage commissions than you might otherwise pay through another broker-dealer that
offers the same types of services. Not all advisers require their clients to direct brokerage.
Aggregated or Block Trades
We combine multiple orders for shares of the same securities purchased for discretionary advisory
accounts we manage (this practice is commonly referred to as "aggregated or block trading"). We will
then distribute a portion of the shares to participating accounts in a fair and equitable manner.
Generally, participating accounts will pay a fixed transaction cost regardless of the number of shares
transacted. In certain cases, each participating account pays an average price per share for all
transactions and pays a proportionate share of all transaction costs on any given day. In the event an
order is only partially filled, the shares will be allocated to participating accounts in a fair and equitable
manner, typically in proportion to the size of each client's order. Accounts owned by our firm or persons
associated with our firm may participate in aggregated or block trading with your accounts; however,
they are neither given preferential nor inferior treatment versus other client accounts.
We do not aggregate or block trade for non-discretionary accounts. Accordingly, non-discretionary
accounts may pay different costs than discretionary accounts pay. If you enter into non-discretionary
arrangements with our firm, we may not be able to buy and sell the same quantities of securities for
you and you may pay higher commissions, fees, and/or transaction costs than clients who enter into
discretionary arrangements with our firm.
18
Mutual Fund Share Classes
Mutual funds are sold with different share classes, which carry different cost structures. Each available
share class is described in the mutual fund's prospectus. When we purchase, or recommend the
purchase of, mutual funds for a client, we select the share class that is deemed to be in the client's
best interest, taking into consideration the availability of advisory, institutional or retirement plan share
classes, initial and ongoing share class costs, transaction costs (if any), tax implications, cost
basis, and other factors. We also review the mutual funds held in accounts that come under our
management to determine whether a more beneficial share class is available, considering cost, tax
implications, and the impact of contingent or deferred sales charges.
Item 13 Review of Accounts
We will not provide you with regular written reports. You will receive trade confirmations and monthly or
quarterly statements from your account custodian(s).
The Investment Adviser Representative managing your account will monitor your accounts on an
ongoing basis and will conduct account reviews at least quarterly, to ensure the advisory services
provided to you are consistent with your investment needs and objectives. Additional reviews may be
conducted based on various circumstances, including, but not limited to:
• contributions and withdrawals;
• year-end tax planning;
• market moving events;
• security specific events; and/or
• changes in your risk/return objectives.
The individuals conducting reviews may vary from time to time, as personnel join or leave our firm.
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Benefits from Custodians
We receive an economic benefit from Pershing and Schwab in the form of the support products and
services it makes available to us and other independent investment advisors whose clients maintain
their accounts at Pershing or Schwab. These products and services, how they benefit us, and the
related conflicts of interest are described above (see Item 12 - Brokerage Practices ). The availability
to us of Pershing or Schwab's products and services is not based on us giving particular investment
advice, such as buying particular securities for our clients. Refer to the Brokerage Practices section
above for disclosures on research and other benefits we may receive resulting from our relationship
with your account Custodian.
Dynasty has assisted our firm in negotiating or facilitating payments from Pershing in the form of
credits to be applied toward qualifying third party service provider expenses incurred in relation to
transition costs or the provision of core services. This may include, but is not limited to, support of our
research, marketing, technology or software platforms. In some instances, Dynasty may serve in an
administrative capacity to support the disbursement of these funds furnished by Pershing.
We do not compensate any individual or firm for client referrals.
19
Item 15 Custody
Your independent custodian will directly debit your account(s) for the payment of our advisory fees as
well as any applicable third party manager fees. This ability to deduct our advisory fees from your
accounts causes our firm to exercise limited custody over your funds or securities. We do not have
physical custody of any of your funds and/or securities. Your funds and securities will be held with a
bank, broker-dealer, or other qualified custodian. You will receive account statements from the
qualified custodian(s) holding your funds and securities at least quarterly. The account statements from
your custodian(s) will indicate the amount of our advisory fees deducted from your account(s) each
billing period. You should carefully review account statements for accuracy.
Standing Letters of Authorization
We are deemed to have custody of certain advisory client accounts due to third party standing money
movement instructions on file with the qualified custodian. With respect to such instructions, we have
determined to rely upon the relief set forth in the SEC Staff's February 21, 2017 IAA No-Action Letter
regarding the Custody Rule.
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Before we can buy or sell securities on your behalf, you must first sign our discretionary management
agreement and the appropriate trading authorization forms.
You may grant our firm discretion over the selection and amount of securities to be purchased or sold
for your account(s), the broker or dealer to be used for each transaction, and over the commission
rates to be paid without obtaining your consent or approval prior to each transaction. You may specify
investment objectives, guidelines, and/or impose certain conditions or investment parameters for your
account(s). For example, you may specify that the investment in any particular stock or industry should
not exceed specified percentages of the value of the portfolio and/or restrictions or prohibitions of
transactions in the securities of a specific industry or security. Refer to the Advisory Business section
in this Brochure for more information on our discretionary management services.
If you enter into non-discretionary arrangements with our firm, we will obtain your approval prior to the
execution of any transactions for your account(s). You have an unrestricted right to decline to
implement any advice provided by our firm on a non-discretionary basis.
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
We will not vote proxies on behalf of your advisory accounts. At your request, we may offer you advice
regarding corporate actions and the exercise of your proxy voting rights. If you own shares of
applicable securities, you are responsible for exercising your right to vote as a shareholder.
In most cases, you will receive proxy materials directly from the account custodian. However, in the
event we were to receive any written or electronic proxy materials, we would forward them directly to
you by mail, unless you have authorized our firm to contact you by electronic mail, in which case, we
would forward any electronic solicitations to vote proxies.
20
Item 18 Financial Information
Our firm does not have any financial condition or impairment that would prevent us from meeting our
contractual commitments to you. We do not take physical custody of client funds or securities, or serve
as trustee or signatory for client accounts, and, we do not require the prepayment of more than $1,200
in fees six or more months in advance. Therefore, we are not required to include a financial statement
with this brochure.
We have not filed a bankruptcy petition at any time in the past ten years.
Item 19 Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
We are a federally registered investment adviser; therefore, we are not required to respond to this
item.
21