Overview

Assets Under Management: $427 million
High-Net-Worth Clients: 20
Average Client Assets: $21 million

Services Offered

Services: Portfolio Management for Individuals, Portfolio Management for Pooled Investment Vehicles, Investment Advisor Selection

Fee Structure

Primary Fee Schedule (FORM ADV PART 2A DATED MARCH 31, 2025)

MinMaxMarginal Fee Rate
$0 and above 1.25%
Illustrative Fee Rates
Total AssetsAnnual FeesAverage Fee Rate
$1 million $12,500 1.25%
$5 million $62,500 1.25%
$10 million $125,000 1.25%
$50 million $625,000 1.25%
$100 million $1,250,000 1.25%

Clients

Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 20
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 99.99
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $21 million
Total Client Accounts: 45
Discretionary Accounts: 17
Non-Discretionary Accounts: 28

Regulatory Filings

CRD Number: 281038
Last Filing Date: 2024-12-13 00:00:00
Website: HTTPS://WWW.LINKEDIN.COM/COMPANY/FLORENCE-CAPITAL-ADVISORS-LLC

Form ADV Documents

Primary Brochure: FORM ADV PART 2A DATED MARCH 31, 2025 (2025-03-31)

View Document Text
Item 1. Cover Page FLORENCE CAPITAL ADVISORS, LP Tel: 212-202-3296 www.florencecapital.com Part 2A of Form ADV (The “Brochure”) March 31, 2025 This Form ADV Part 2A (“Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Florence Capital Advisors, LP (“FCA,” the “Firm”, “us” or “we”). If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact Gregory Hersch at 212-202-3296 or ghersch@florencecapital.com. This information has not been approved or verified by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) or by any state securities authority. FCA is an investment adviser registered with the SEC; however, such registration does not imply a certain level of skill or training, and no inference to the contrary should be made. Additional information about the Adviser also is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. Item 2. Material Changes FCA considers the following information contained in this version of the Brochure to represent a material change from the information contained in its most recent previous version dated August 24, 2024: Item 4 – Advisory Business – updated to include the firm’s assets under management and assets under advisement as of December 31, 2024 and to reflect that FCA changed its entity structure from a limited liability company to a limited partnership with no change to control or majority ownership. Item 9 – Disciplinary Information - updated to reflect that Mr. Franzone’s trial is expected to commence in New York Federal Court on April 14, 2025. Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations – removed disclosure that Mr. Greg Hersch is on the board of Nscale Global Holdings and the conflict information since the board of directors was never formed. Item 18 – Financial Information – updated to remove disclosure regarding a small business loan that FCA received due to COVID in 2020, which was forgiven and closed prior to the end of 2020. In addition to the material changes referenced above, certain non-material updates have been made. Therefore, our current and prospective clients are encouraged to read this Brochure, as well as all the governing documents applicable to their current or prospective investments, in their entirety. Pursuant to SEC Rules, FCA will ensure that clients receive a summary of any materials changes to this Brochure within 120 days of the close of the Firm’s fiscal year, along with a copy of this Brochure or an offer to provide the full Brochure. Additionally, as FCA experiences material changes in the future, we will send you a summary of our “Material Changes” under separate cover. To receive a current copy of this Brochure free of charge, please contact Gregory Hersch at 212-202-3296 or ghersch@florencecapital.com. Information about the Firm is also available via the SEC’s web site at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The SEC’s web site provides information about any persons affiliated with FCA who are registered, or are required to be registered, as investment adviser representatives of FCA. 2 Item 3. Table of Contents Item 1. Cover Page....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Item 2. Material Changes ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Item 3. Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Item 4. Advisory Business ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Item 5. Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................................................... 7 Item 6. Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ............................................................................... 9 Item 7. Types of Clients ............................................................................................................................................. 11 Item 8. Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ..................................................................... 11 Item 9. Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................................................... 16 Item 10. Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ................................................................................... 18 Item 11. Code of Ethics ............................................................................................................................................. 18 Item 12. Brokerage Practices ..................................................................................................................................... 19 Item 13. Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................................... 21 Item 14. Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................................................... 22 Item 15. Custody ....................................................................................................................................................... 22 Item 16. Investment Discretion .................................................................................................................................. 23 Item 17. Voting Client Securities............................................................................................................................... 23 Item 18. Financial Information .................................................................................................................................. 23 3 Item 4. Advisory Business FCA offers a variety of advisory services, which include financial planning and consulting, and/or investment management services to various types of clients, including individuals, high net worth clients, trusts, and charitable organizations. Prior to FCA rendering any of the foregoing advisory services, clients are required to enter into one or more written agreements with FCA setting forth the relevant terms and conditions of the advisory relationship (the “Advisory Agreement”). FCA also serves as the sponsor and investment adviser to proprietary pooled special purpose vehicles. Mr. Hersch is the majority owner and serves as FCA’s Chief Executive Officer, Managing Member, and Chief Compliance Officer. In 2024, FCA changed its entity structure from a limited liability company to a limited partnership, with no change to control or majority ownership. As of December 31, 2024, FCA had $1,257,199,554 in assets under management (“AUM”); $26,528,460 of which was managed on a discretionary basis and $1,230,671,094 of which was managed on a non-discretionary basis. In addition, as of December 31, 2024, FCA had $5,460,569 in assets under advisement where the firm is performing investment consulting services. While this Brochure generally describes the business of FCA, certain sections also discuss the activities of the Firm’s officers, partners, directors (or other persons occupying a similar status or performing similar functions), employees or any other person who provides investment advice on FCA’s behalf and is subject to the Firm’s supervision or control (collectively, “Supervised Persons”). Financial Planning and Consulting Services FCA offers clients a broad range of financial planning and consulting services, which includes any or all of the following functions: Retirement Planning • Business Planning • Risk Management • Cash Flow Forecasting • Charitable Giving • Trust and Estate Planning • Distribution Planning • Financial Reporting • Portfolio Construction • Investment Consulting • • Manager Due Diligence Insurance Planning • 4 These services are typically rendered in conjunction with investment portfolio management as part of a comprehensive wealth management engagement (described in more detail below). Importantly, clients retain absolute discretion over all decisions regarding implementation of any recommendations provided by any FCA representative, including Mr. Hersch, and are under no obligation to act upon any such recommendations. Please refer to Items 5 and 10 below for further information. Clients are advised that it remains their responsibility to promptly notify the Firm of any change in their financial situation or investment objectives for the purpose of reviewing, evaluating, or revising FCA’s recommendations and/or services. Wealth Management Services FCA provides clients with wealth management services which include a broad range of comprehensive financial planning and consulting services as well as discretionary and/or non-discretionary management of investment portfolios. FCA generally allocates client assets among various mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), individual debt and equity securities, liquid alternative securities, options on equity securities, and independent investment managers (“Independent Managers”) in accordance with their stated investment objectives, and with respect to certain eligible clients, From time to time, FCA recommends investments in privately placed securities, which can include debt, equity and/or interests in pooled investment vehicles such as hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, direct lending funds, and real estate funds as well as direct investments into privately held companies. Where appropriate, the Firm also provides advice about any type of legacy position or other investments held in client portfolios. Clients may engage FCA to manage and/or advise on certain investment products that are not maintained at FCA’s primary custodian. At the client’s request, FCA will include these investments in its quarterly investment reports provided to clients. FCA tailors its advisory services to meet the needs of its individual clients and seeks to ensure, on a continuous basis, that client portfolios are managed in a manner consistent with those needs and objectives. FCA consults with clients on an initial and ongoing basis to assess their specific risk tolerance, time horizon, liquidity constraints and other related factors relevant to the management of their portfolios. Clients are advised to promptly notify FCA if there are changes in their financial situation or if they wish to place any limitations on the management of their portfolios. FCA is not required to verify any information received from the client or from the client’s other professionals (e.g., attorneys, accountants, etc.) and is expressly authorized to rely on such information while providing advisory services to clients. Clients may impose reasonable restrictions or mandates on the management of their accounts if FCA determines, in its sole discretion, the conditions would not materially impact the performance of a management strategy or prove overly burdensome to the Firm’s management efforts. FCA Special Purpose Vehicles FCA, through its affiliate Florence Cap, LLC, a series limited liability company organized under the laws of Delaware, sponsors six special purpose vehicles, which are structured as pooled investment 5 vehicles and sold under an exemption from registration under Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933 (i.e., private placements). These are: Florence Capital SPV VII, LLC (“FCA SPV VII”), Florence Capital SPV VIII, LLC (“FCA SPV VIII”), Florence Capital SPV IX, LLC (“FCA SPV IX”), Florence Capital SPV X, LLC (“FCA SPV X”), Florence Capital SPV XI, LLC (“FCA SPV XI”), and Florence Capital SPV XII, LLC (“FCA SPV XII”) (together, the “FCA SPVs”). As the sponsor of the FCA SPVs, FCA works with each FCA SPV administrator in making the various recommendations and decisions with respect to the FCA SPVs and their operations, including, among other things, the approval of any new subscriptions, the sourcing, acquisition, and disposition of the underlying investments and other fund assets. As the investment adviser of the FCA SPVs, FCA is responsible for the day-to-day management of each SPV’s invested assets based on their respective investment objectives as outlined in their private placement memorandum and other governing documents (the “FCA SPV Offering Documents”). Each of the FCA SPVs was formed to hold a single investment in a privately held company (referred to herein as a “portfolio company”). Each potential qualified investor receives a copy of the specific FCA SPV’s Offering Documents prior to investing in an FCA SPV. It is important that each potential qualified investor fully read the offering materials prior to investing for a complete understanding of, among other things, the objectives, risks, fees, and conflicts associated with the FCA SPV. From time to time, FCA recommends an FCA SPV to FCA clients that meet the regulatory qualifications and where FCA believes such an investment would be suitable for such clients. This creates a conflict of interest because FCA has an incentive since it is paid a performance fee by each FCA SPV. Please also refer to Form ADV Part 1, Schedule A for Item 7.B for further information specific to the SPVs. Use of Independent Managers As mentioned above, FCA will, from time to time, recommend certain Independent Managers to actively manage a portion of its clients’ assets. The specific terms and conditions under which a client engages an Independent Manager will be set forth in a separate written agreement with the designated Independent Manager. In addition to this Brochure, clients will also receive the written disclosure documents of the respective Independent Managers engaged to manage their assets. FCA evaluates a variety of information about Independent Managers, which usually includes, but is not limited to the Independent Managers’ public disclosure documents, materials supplied by the Independent Managers themselves and other third-party analyses it believes are reputable. To the extent possible, the Firm seeks to assess the Independent Managers’ investment strategies, past performance, and risk results in relation to its clients’ individual portfolio allocations and risk exposure. FCA also takes into consideration each Independent Manager’s specific investment strategy, investment process, the quality of its executive management, historical returns, current positioning, reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing and research capabilities, among other factors. 6 On an ongoing basis, the Firm monitors the performance of those accounts being managed by Independent Managers. FCA seeks to ensure the Independent Managers’ strategies and target allocations remain aligned with its clients’ investment objectives and overall best interests. Item 5. Fees and Compensation FCA offers services for a fee based upon assets under management (“AUM”), which is based on billable assets as set forth in each client’s Advisory Agreement. FCA also charges a performance fee to certain qualifying clients, which is outlined in Item 6 below. In addition, FCA and/or its affiliates have received in the past consulting or advisory fees from two private funds – FF Fund I, L.P. and Title Arbitrage Group, LLC in which FCA clients have invested. The non-recurring consulting services provided to the General Partner of Title Arbitrage Group were comprised of guidance on how to improve the fund’s marketing presentation and messaging to potential investors at the outset of the fund’s inception. The services provided to FF Fund I included but were not limited to recommending private investments that were sourced by FCA, some of which were also invested in by other clients of FCA. The fee arrangements described in this paragraph are no longer active. FCA does not charge a management fee to the FCA SPVs. However, as the investment adviser, FCA is eligible to receive a performance-based payment, which is outlined in the Offering Documents relating to the SPVs and summarized in Item 6 below. The additional compensation referenced in the preceding paragraphs and in Item 6 presents a conflict of interest, as it creates an incentive to make recommendations to clients based on such compensation. Please refer to additional information below and in Item 10 regarding, among other things, how FCA addresses the conflict. Clients should be aware that the fees charged by FCA may be higher or lower than fees charged by other investment advisers for comparable services. Therefore, clients should carefully review and consider all fees charged by FCA, along with applicable third-party fees to fully understand the total amount of fees to be paid. Investment Management Fees FCA offers investment management services for an annual fee based on the amount of assets under the Firm’s management. This management fee generally varies between 0.50% and 1.25%, depending upon the size and composition of a client’s portfolio and the type of services rendered. The annual fee is prorated and charged quarterly, in arrears, based upon the daily average value of the client’s managed assets (including cash, cash equivalents and accrued interest) during the prior quarter being managed by FCA, as valued by the custodian or FCA’s third party reporting service provider, which is utilized for calculating fees on Alternative Investments not held with FCA’s custodian. For the initial period of an engagement, the fee is calculated on a pro rata basis and charged at the end of the initial quarter. 7 FCA also charges certain qualifying clients a performance fee, which is based on the return of one or more of the client’s specific private investments recommended and/or managed by FCA. Please refer to Item 6 below for further information, including the conflicts surrounding this type of fee and how FCA addresses the conflict. In the event the Advisory Agreement is terminated, the fee for the final billing period is prorated through the effective date of the termination and the outstanding portion of the fee is charged to the terminating client, as appropriate. Fee Discretion FCA has in the past and may in the future, in its sole discretion, negotiate to charge a lesser fee based upon certain criteria, such as anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, pre-existing/legacy client relationship, account retention and pro bono activities. In addition, for certain family and friends of the Firm, FCA has, and can do so again in the future, negotiated reduced fees and in some cases waived fees in their entirety. Additional Fees and Expenses In addition to the advisory fees paid to FCA, clients generally will also incur certain charges imposed by other third parties, such as broker-dealers, custodians, trust companies, banks and other financial institutions (collectively “Financial Institutions”). These additional charges generally include securities brokerage commissions, transaction fees, custodial fees, fees attributable to alternative assets, fees charged by the Independent Managers, margin costs, charges imposed directly by a mutual fund or ETF in a client’s account, as disclosed in the fund’s prospectus (e.g., fund management fees and other fund expenses), deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. The Firm’s brokerage practices are described at length in Item 12, below. While not being charged currently, in the future clients may also incur separate fees for financial planning and consulting services provided by FCA as separately provided for, and outlined, in the clients’ agreements with FCA. Clients should review all applicable direct and indirect fees charged, including but not limited to custodian fees, transaction fees, fees associated with all investments (e.g., mutual funds and ETFs, insurance products), and advisory and performance fees to fully understand the total amount of fees to be paid by the client and to thereby evaluate the advisory services being provided. It is important that clients understand how all these fees can affect investment returns over time. For further information, please refer to the SEC’s Investor Bulletins available at https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/general- resources/news-alerts/alerts- bulletins/investor-bulletins. Clients can avoid paying layers of fees by making their own decisions regarding the investments made in their accounts. However, in doing that, clients would not have the benefit of receiving experienced investment advice provided by FCA. Direct Fee Debit and Billing Clients generally provide FCA with written authority through the Advisory Agreement to directly debit their managed accounts for payment of the investment advisory fees. The Financial Institutions that act 8 as the qualified custodian for client accounts, from which the Firm retains the authority to directly deduct fees, have agreed to send statements to client not less than quarterly detailing all account transactions, including any amounts paid to FCA. Beginning in the 2nd quarter of 2021, FCA’s management fees charged to clients that have their managed assets held at Interactive Brokers, LLC (“IB”), which is the custodian that FCA recommends to clients, will be calculated, billed, and paid to FCA by IB. As mentioned above, the fees will be calculated on the average daily balance of a client’s managed assets and billed in arrears. The fees for alternative investments (e.g., private investment vehicles) held in clients’ accounts will be billed separately from other assets. At the beginning of each quarter, FCA will calculate the fee for these assets and send an invoice to each client for payment. Use of Margin There are times when clients implement margin on their managed accounts. In these cases, the FCA advisory fee will be assessed net of margin or loans such that the market value of the client’s account and corresponding fee payable by the client to FCA will not be increased. Account Additions and Withdrawals Clients may make additions to and withdrawals from their account at any time. Additions may be in cash or securities provided that the Firm reserves the right to liquidate any transferred securities or decline to accept particular securities into a client’s account. Clients may withdraw account assets on notice to FCA, subject to the usual and customary securities settlement procedures. However, the Firm generally designs its portfolios as long-term investments, and the withdrawal of assets can impair the achievement of a client’s investment objectives. FCA may consult with its clients about the options and implications of transferring securities. Clients are advised that when transferred securities are liquidated, they will be subject to, as applicable, transaction fees, short-term redemption fees, fees assessed at the mutual fund level (e.g., contingent deferred sales charges) and/or tax ramifications. Item 6. Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management Performance Fees Charged to Qualifying Clients In certain circumstances, FCA provides investment management services for a performance-based fee. This fee is calculated on the performance of a client’s specific investment(s) in one or more privately held companies that were recommended by FCA. Recommendations to invest in privately held companies will only be made after FCA has determined the investment to be suitable and in line with a client’s overall investment objectives. In addition, performance fees will only be charged to clients that meet the definition of a “qualified client” under Rule 205-3 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”). The performance fee charged is usually 10% of the profit the qualified client receives from the investment but only after the client is paid their initial investment plus an additional 100% return on invested capital – the “preferred return”, unless otherwise negotiated between FCA and a qualified client, and is outlined in the client’s Advisory Agreement with FCA. 9 FCA’s SPVs Performance Fees For each FCA SPV, upon the occurrence of one or more qualifying events, FCA will receive 10% of the distributions associated with those events. However, FCA will only receive 10% after: (i) all an FCA SPV’s outstanding debts and obligations are paid, and (ii) investors in the FCA SPVs receive the amount of their total capital contribution, along with a preferred return for a total return (which can range from 200% to 400% depending on the SPV) of invested capital. The details outlining the qualifying events, the payout requirements, and the percentage amount FCA will receive are contained within the Offering Documents of each FCA SPV, which should be read carefully and in their entirety prior to investing. Conflicts of Interest Surrounding FCA Performance Based Fees Charging a performance-based fee creates conflicts of interest because: (i) there is an incentive for FCA to make more speculative/riskier investment recommendations and make different decisions regarding the timing and manner of the realization of such investments, than would be made if such performance-based fee was not part of the overall compensation structure, and (ii) it can cause FCA to favor certain investments for clients that are charged performance-based fee than other clients who are not charged a performance- based fee. To maintain fair and equitable treatment of all of its clients, FCA takes steps to mitigate any potential and actual conflicts of interest relating to this type of arrangement, which include disclosing the matter in this Brochure, assessing whether such a speculative investment is consistent with a particular client’s stated investment objectives, always putting the interests of its clients first, and identifying and disclosing the performance-based fee investments to prospective and existing clients. Performance Fees Charged by Unaffiliated Private Funds As outlined in Item 4 above, FCA from time to time will recommend a qualified client invest in private investment funds, which are managed by unaffiliated investment managers. Private investment funds usually charge a performance or incentive fee that is in addition to their management fee. These fees, along with the conflicts surrounding performance fees, are outlined in each fund’s private placement memorandum and other offering documents, which are provided to clients prior to investing and should be read in their entirely prior to investing. Consulting Fees Additionally, FCA has recommended in the past a privately placed collective investment vehicle to its clients where a former client was the manager to such vehicle (the “Client Manager”). FCA received a consulting fee for consulting services it provided to the General Partner of Title Arbitrage Group Management, LLC, a private fund manager in which the investment vehicle, Florence Capital Advisors SPV II, LLC (“SPV II”) had invested. The consulting payment by Title Arbitrage was disclosed to investors via email by FCA in 2018. FCA takes steps to mitigate any potential conflicts of interest relating to this type of arrangement, which include disclosing the matter in this Brochure, disclosing the relationship to prospective and existing clients, putting the interests of its clients first, while seeking to ensure that all recommendations are made in its clients’ best interest. Flo Cap, LLC (“Flo Cap”), an affiliate of FCA, which has acted as the Investment Member of five liquidated special purpose vehicles, resigned as Investment Member of Florence Capital Advisors SPV II, LLC, Florence Capital Advisors SPV IV, LLC and Florence Capital Advisors SPV VI, LLC in 2020 due to the fact 10 that those vehicles pay no management or advisory fees to FCA or Flo Cap per the terms of each SPV operating agreement. In so doing, Flo Cap also waived its right to receive any future incentive fees from those investment vehicles. There have been times in the past when FCA advised a third party managed private fund client in which side-by-side management occurred. This means that an FCA separately managed account client could invest in the same investment that was invested in by the private fund and vice-versa. When this occurred, it resulted in the separately managed account client paying advisory fees to both FCA and the private fund relating to the same investment. FCA has no plans for this to occur again, but should this occur in the future, FCA will ensure that written disclosures are provided to investors in the private fund and to the separately managed account clients. Item 7. Types of Clients FCA offers services to individuals, individual retirement accounts (IRAs), high net worth individuals, trusts, foundations, and business entities. FCA also provides advisory services to the FCA SPVs, which are proprietary private pooled investment funds. Minimum Account Requirements FCA does not impose a stated minimum fee or minimum portfolio value for starting and maintaining an investment management relationship. Certain Independent Managers may, however, impose more restrictive account requirements and billing practices from the Firm. In these instances, FCA may alter its corresponding account requirements and/or billing practices to accommodate those of the Independent Managers. Item 8. Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies FCA primarily allocates client assets among various mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), individual debt and equity securities, liquid alternative securities, options on equity securities, and independent investment managers (“Independent Managers”) in accordance with their stated investment objectives. In addition, from time-to-time FCA also recommends that certain eligible clients invest in privately placed securities, which may include debt, equity and/or interests in pooled investment vehicles (e.g., hedge funds, private equity, venture capital, direct lending, real estate) as well as direct investments in privately held companies. FCA tailors its advisory services to meet the needs of its individual managed account clients and seeks to ensure, on a continuous basis, that client portfolios are managed in a manner consistent with those needs and objectives. FCA consults with clients on an initial and ongoing basis to assess their specific risk tolerance, time horizon, liquidity constraints and other related factors relevant to the management of their portfolios. Clients are advised to promptly notify FCA if there are changes in their financial situation or if they wish to place any limitations on the management of their portfolios. Clients may impose reasonable restrictions or mandates on the management of their accounts if FCA determines, in its sole discretion, the conditions would not materially impact the performance of a management strategy or prove overly burdensome to the Firm’s management efforts. 11 For the FCA SPVs, the firm manages each FCA SPV’s portfolio in accordance with the FCA SPV’s investment objectives outlined in the Offering Documents of the FCA SPVs. FCA does not take into consideration any investor’s investment objectives. Risk of Loss Investing in securities involves a significant risk of loss which clients should be prepared to bear. FCA investment recommendations are subject to various market, currency, economic, political, and business risks, and such investment decisions may not always be profitable. Clients should be aware that there may be a loss or depreciation of the value of the client’s account. There can be no assurance that the client’s investment objectives will be obtained and no inference to the contrary should be made. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Therefore, clients should never assume that the future performance of any specific investment or investment strategy will be profitable. Investing in securities (including stocks, mutual funds, bonds, and private investment funds, etc.) involves risk of loss. Further, depending on the different types of investments there may be varying degrees of risk. Because of the inherent risk of loss associated with investing, FCA is unable to represent, guarantee, or even imply that its services and methods of analysis can or will predict future results, successfully identify market tops or bottoms, or insulate you from losses due to market corrections or declines, or the declines of individual securities or investments. Market Risks Investing involves significant risk, including the potential loss of principal, and all investors should be guided accordingly. The profitability of a significant portion of FCA’s recommendations and/or investment decisions may depend to a great extent upon correctly assessing the future course of price movements of stocks, bonds and other asset classes. There can be no assurance that FCA will be able to predict those price movements accurately or capitalize on any such assumptions. Mutual Funds and ETFs An investment in a mutual fund or ETF involves risk, including the loss of principal. Mutual fund and ETF shareholders are necessarily subject to the risks stemming from the individual issuers of the fund’s underlying portfolio securities. Such shareholders are also liable for taxes on any fund-level capital gains, as mutual funds and ETFs are required by law to distribute capital gains in the event they sell securities for a profit that cannot be offset by a corresponding loss. Shares of mutual funds are generally distributed and redeemed on an ongoing basis by the fund itself or a broker acting on its behalf. The trading price at which a share is transacted is equal to a fund’s stated daily per share net asset value (“NAV”), plus any shareholders’ fees (e.g., sales loads, purchase fees, redemption fees). The per share NAV of a mutual fund is calculated at the end of each business day, although the actual NAV fluctuates with intraday changes to the market value of the fund’s holdings. The trading prices of a mutual fund’s shares may differ significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility, which may, among other factors, lead to the mutual fund’s shares trading at a premium or discount to actual NAV. Shares of ETFs are listed on securities exchanges and transacted at negotiated prices in the secondary market. Generally, ETF shares trade at or near their most recent NAV, which is generally calculated at least once daily for indexed based ETFs and potentially more frequently for actively managed ETFs. 12 However, certain inefficiencies may cause the shares to trade at a premium or discount to their pro rata NAV. There is also no guarantee that an active secondary market for such shares will develop or continue to exist. Generally, an ETF only redeems shares when aggregated as creation units (usually 20,000 shares or more). Therefore, if a liquid secondary market ceases to exist for shares of a particular ETF, a shareholder may have no way to dispose of such shares. Use of Independent Managers As stated above, FCA may select certain Independent Managers to manage a portion of its clients’ assets. In these situations, FCA continues to conduct ongoing due diligence of such managers, but such recommendations rely to a great extent on the Independent Managers’ ability to successfully implement their investment strategies. In addition, FCA generally may not have the ability to supervise the Independent Managers on a day-to-day basis. Use of Unaffiliated Private Pooled Investment Vehicles FCA recommends that certain clients invest in privately placed unaffiliated pooled investment vehicles. This may include but is not limited to hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, direct lending funds, and real estate funds. The managers of these vehicles have broad discretion in selecting the investments. There are few limitations on the types of securities or other financial instruments which may be traded, and there is no requirement to diversify. The vehicles may trade on margin or otherwise leverage positions, thereby potentially increasing a vehicle’s risk profile. In addition, because the vehicles are not registered as investment companies or securities, there is an absence of regulation. There are numerous other risks in investing in these securities and the specific vehicles that the Firm may recommend, such as limited liquidity, higher fees, limited transparency, and heightened risk of loss. When FCA recommends these types of investments, the firm will ensure the clients receive a copy of the private placement memorandum and other offering documents for the recommended fund(s), which outline all the associated risks, among other things, and it is important for clients to fully review these documents prior to investing. Please also see further below for risks pertaining to the FCA SPVs. Options Options allow investors to buy or sell a security at a contracted “strike” price at or within a specific period of time. Clients may pay or collect a premium for buying or selling an option. Investors transact in options to either hedge (i.e., limit) losses in an attempt to reduce risk or to speculate on the performance of the underlying securities. Options transactions contain a number of inherent risks, including the partial or total loss of principal in the event that the value of the underlying security or index does not increase/decrease to the level of the respective strike price. Holders of options contracts are also subject to default by the option writer which may be unwilling or unable to perform its contractual obligations. Options come in two varieties, calls and puts, and you can buy or sell either type. There are many types of option strategies, some of which help protect your portfolio and others which are highly speculative. In addition to the short- term expiration, the value of the option is affected by news on the company on which the option is held. Prior to buying or selling an option, clients should read “Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options.” Copies of this document may be obtained from your financial advisor, on the web: 13 www.optionsclearing.com/components/docs/riskstoc.pdf, or by contacting The Options Clearing Corporation, One North Wacker Dr., Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60606 (1-888-678-4667). Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) FCA may recommend an investment in, or allocate assets among, various real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), the shares of which exist in the form of either publicly traded or privately placed securities. REITs are collective investment vehicles with portfolios comprised primarily of real estate and mortgage related holdings. Many REITs hold heavy concentrations of investments tied to commercial and/or residential developments, which inherently subject REIT investors to the risks associated with a downturn in the real estate market. Investments linked to certain regions that experience greater volatility in the local real estate market may give rise to large fluctuations in the value of the vehicle’s shares. Mortgage related holdings may give rise to additional concerns pertaining to interest rates, inflation, liquidity and counterparty risk. Use of Margin While the use of margin borrowing can substantially improve returns, it may also increase overall portfolio risk. Margin transactions are generally effected using capital borrowed from a Financial Institution, which is secured by a client’s holdings. Under certain circumstances, a Financial Institution may demand an increase in the underlying collateral. If the client is unable to provide the additional collateral, the Financial Institution may liquidate account assets to satisfy the client’s outstanding obligations, which could have extremely adverse consequences. In addition, fluctuations in the amount of a client’s borrowings and the corresponding interest rates may have a significant effect on the profitability and stability of a client’s portfolio. Additional Material Risks There are certain additional risks associated with the securities recommended and strategies utilized by FCA including, among others: • Sector risk – The chance that significant problems will affect a particular sector, or that returns from that sector will trail returns from the overall stock market. Daily fluctuations in specific market sectors are often more extreme than fluctuations in the overall market. • Non-diversification risk – The risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, industries, or foreign currencies, including being more susceptible to risks associated with a single economic, political, or regulatory occurrence than a more diversified portfolio might be. • Equity (stock) Market Risk – Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If you held common stock, or common stock equivalents, of any given issuer, you would generally be exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of the issuer. • Fixed Income Risk – When investing in bonds, there is the risk that the issuer will default on the bond and be unable to make payments. Further, individuals who depend on set amounts of periodically paid income face the risk that inflation will erode their spending power. Fixed-income investors receive set, regular payments that face the same inflation risk. Interest rate risk – The chance that prices of fixed income securities will decline because of rising • 14 interest rates. Similarly, the income from fixed income securities may decline because of falling interest rates. • Reinvestment Risk – The risk that interest and principal payments from a bond will be reinvested at a lower yield than that received on the original bond. During periods of declining interest rates, bond payments may be invested at lower rates; during periods of rising rates, bond payments may be invested at higher rates. • Closed-End Investment Company Risk – Closed-end investment companies frequently trade at a discount to their net asset value, which may affect whether a portfolio will realize gain or loss upon its sale of the closed-end investment company’s shares. Closed-end investment companies may employ leverage, which also subjects the closed-end investment company to increased risks such as increased volatility. • Management Risk – Your investment with our firm varies with the success and failure of our investment strategies, research, analysis, and determination of portfolio securities. If our investment strategies do not produce the expected returns, the value of the investment will decrease. • Opportunity Cost Risk –The risk that an investor may forego profits or returns from other investments. • Debt Securities Risk - Debt Securities (corporate or municipal bonds) (aka fixed income securities) generally are promissory notes that pay interest and the return of principal at the end of a specified term. Credit risk is the chance the issuer will fail to pay the interest payments on the security or to pay the principal at maturity. Interest rate risk is that the market value of the bonds will go down when interest rates go up. Prepayment risk is the chance that a bond will be paid off early. For example, if interest rates fall, a bond issuer may decide to pay off its debt. When this happens, the investor may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in an investment with as high a return or yield. • High Yield Bonds Risk – High yield bonds have a lower credit rating than investment-grade bonds. Because of the higher risk of default, these bonds pay a higher yield than investment grade bonds. • Alternative Investments Risk - Alternative investments, including private equity, private real estate, non-traded REITs, Business Development Companies, and Private Placements are recommended only for accredited investors if the product fits the client’s stated financial situation, investment objectives, risk tolerance and time horizon. These investments are subject to legal or other restrictions on liquidity that do not exist for other publicly traded (liquid) investments. Investors in alternatives may not be able to sell when desired or to realize anticipated or reported value when sold. Also, the calculation of fair market value of alternatives can be difficult or delayed and alternatives typically have fees that are higher compared to publicly traded securities. Alternative Investments and Private Placements often are high risk products, are illiquid in almost all cases, and generally offer a high dividend rate to the investor as an offset to the increased risk and illiquidity. There is increased risk of partial or full loss of value when investing in illiquid securities. • Private Fund and Other Private Investments / Illiquid Investments - Some investments held by clients may not be able to be sold except pursuant to a registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933 or in accordance with Rule 144 or another exemption under the Securities Act of 1933 (and other applicable securities laws). Furthermore, because of the speculative and non- public nature of some investments, FCA may, from time to time, sell or otherwise dispose of investments (or recommend that clients sell or dispose of investments) that later prove to be more valuable than anticipated at the time of such disposition. Any premature sales or dispositions may prevent clients from realizing as great an overall return on investment as may have been realized if such sales or dispositions had been made at a later date, which may adversely affect investment 15 results of clients. A client and underlying funds and managers may invest in securities that are subject to legal or other restrictions on transfer. Clients and underlying funds may be contractually prohibited from disposing of such investments for a specified period of time. Risk Specific to the FCA SPVs An investment in the FCA SPVs is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. An FCA SPV’s performance can be volatile and is therefore only suitable for investors that are sophisticated and can afford fluctuations in the value of their capital investment, in addition to meeting regulatory qualification requirements. There can be no assurance that the SPVs’ respective investment objectives will be achieved or that investors will receive a return of their capital investment. An investor could lose all or a substantial amount of their investment in an FCA SPV. Also, an investment in an FCA SPV has limited liquidity and there are restrictions on an investor’s ability to withdraw and transfer their interest. There are additional risks and conflicts associated with an investment in an FCA SPV that potential investors should be aware of prior to investing. To that end, potential investors are provided with the Offering Documents of the specific SPV associated with their potential investment, which contain detailed information on the conflicts and risks associated with an investment in the SPVs and should be read fully. THE RISKS OUTLINED IN THIS SECTION DO NOT PURPORT TO BE A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF ALL OF THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH FCA’S ADVISORY SERVICES. Item 9. Disciplinary Information Please note that, through its ongoing monitoring and due diligence of existing client investments, FCA discovered and notified clients that one of the investments it had recommended, FF Fund I, L.P. (“FF Fund I”), had been managing its investment strategy inconsistently with its stated objectives. Upon further investigation of FF Fund I’s activities, litigation was commenced by a client of FCA against FF Fund I and its Managing Member, Andrew T. Franzone, alleging fraud and breach of fiduciary duty in the Court of Chancery in Delaware on August 6, 2019. FF Fund I was also formerly a client of FCA. Neither FCA nor its principal Gregory Hersch (nor any of their affiliates) are parties to that litigation and FCA assisted in providing an affidavit in support of the plaintiff’s allegations. On September 24, 2019, FF Fund I filed a voluntary petition under Chapter 11 of the bankruptcy laws in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The claims against FF Fund I are currently being addressed in the context of the bankruptcy proceeding. In April 2021, Mr. Franzone was arrested and charged with securities and wire fraud by the US Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York, and he was simultaneously charged by the Securities and Exchange Commission for his activities as the Managing Member of FF Fund I, LP. His criminal trial is expected to commence in New York Federal Court on April 14, 2025. In December 2020, Flo Cap and Greg Hersch joined other current FCA clients as plaintiffs in a lawsuit filed in Delaware Chancery Court against Franzone alleging fraud, breach of fiduciary duty and breach of contract, and petitioning the Court for Franzone’s removal as Managing Member of certain special purpose vehicles (“Wound-down SPVs”) created by FCA. The plaintiffs received a default judgment in their favor on June 1, 2022, and the Wound-down SPVs’ interests have since been transferred to their respective members on a pro 16 rata basis. Four of the prior five SPVs have been dissolved with one waiting on Court approval. On December 16, 2020, FCA and its principal, Gregory Hersch, were named as parties in a private arbitration proceeding brought by a former client of FCA alleging breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, and misrepresentation, among other allegations. The claims stemmed from the former client's investments in FF Fund I, a private investment fund, and the alleged fraudulent activities of its Managing Member, Andrew T. Franzone. FCA and Mr. Hersch elected to settle this matter in order to avoid protracted and costly litigation, and in order for Mr. Hersch to obtain assignment of the Claimant's interests in the liquidating trust of FF Fund I, which was a material consideration to Mr. Hersch in resolving this matter. Mr. Hersch and FCA deny all of the allegations in the settled matter. After conducting a hearing regarding this claim, an independent arbitrator of the American Arbitration Association issued an award on May 2, 2022, concluding that the allegations by the customer were “false” and recommending expungement of the claim from Mr. Hersch’s FINRA records. Among other things, the arbitrator found that the investment recommendation at issue was made in “good faith,” was reasonable at the time it was made and Claimant, a sophisticated investor, had his own advisors who concluded this was a sound investment. The arbitrator’s award was confirmed by the New York Supreme Court in an order dated July 26, 2022. On September 29, 2023, the SEC published an Order of Settlement between it and Registrant and Gregory Hersch (“Respondents”) relating to the SEC’s finding that the Respondents failed to adequately disclose conflicts of interest in connection with client investments in, FF Fund I, from which Registrant was receiving substantial advisory fees, and that Registrant received fees from the Fund pursuant to advisory agreements while recommending investments in the Fund to Registrant’s clients and advising Registrant’s clients on their existing investments in the Fund. Without admitting or denying the findings, Respondents consented to the entry of the SEC’s Order finding violations of Section 206(2) of the Advisers Act, and agreed to a cease-and- desist order against future violations of this provision, a censure, and a $200,000 civil penalty. On February 14, 2024, FCA filed a claim in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against one of its clients for unpaid fees of approximately $6.9 million arising from profits of approximately $72 million that the client realized from an investment that FCA recommended. On May 6, 2024, the client responded by asserting a counterclaim against FCA and a third-party claim against FCA’s principal Gregory Hersch. These claims, which had not been asserted prior to FCA’s demand for unpaid fees, were for alleged breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, breach of contract, among other allegations, stemming from the client's investments in FF Fund I. The claims seek rescission of the parties’ agreements and/or monetary damages. FCA and Mr. Hersch strenuously deny and intend to vigorously defend against all of the allegations asserted against them in the counterclaim and third-party claim. On August 20, 2024, the bankruptcy judge presiding over the FF Fund I liquidating trust approved the distribution of approximately $41 million to current holders of equity interests in the FF Fund I liquidating trust. Approximately $22 million was held in reserve by the liquidating trustee over disputed claims, primarily associated with claims made by FF Fund I’s former Managing Member, Andrew T. Franzone. In November of 2024, the liquidating trust raised an additional $18 million in proceeds from the partial sale of one of its investments that FCA recommended FF Fund I invest in. 17 Item 10. Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations FCA is the sole member of Florence Cap, LLC, and assists FCA in sponsoring the FCA SPVs. Mr. Hersch is on the Board of Directors of ModernGuild, Inc. (“ModernGuild”). In this case, he serves as his clients’ board representative on behalf of their respective investment in this company. Mr. Hersch does not currently receive any direct compensation for his time and service on the Board of this company. However, he has made a personal investment in ModernGuild at the same terms as one of his clients and is an investor in FCA SPV VII, FCA SPV VIII, FCA IX, FCA SPV X, FCA SPV XI, and FCA SPV XII at the same valuation as his clients. Thes board position and investments create conflicts of interest. FCA addresses these conflicts of interest by requiring its representatives, including Mr. Hersch to always act in the best interest of the client, including when acting as an investment adviser representative. FCA will periodically review recommendations made to our clients to ensure they are based on an objective evaluation of each client's risk profile and investment objectives rather than on the receipt of any commissions or other benefits. In addition, FCA discloses, mainly via its Form ADV Part 1, Part 2A, Part 2B and Form CRS, how the firm and its supervised persons are compensated, along with the conflicts of interest involving any advice or service provided. Item 11. Code of Ethics FCA has adopted a code of ethics in compliance with applicable securities laws (“Code of Ethics”) that sets forth the standards of conduct expected of its Supervised Persons. FCA’s Code of Ethics contains written policies reasonably designed to prevent certain unlawful practices such as the use of material non-public information by the Firm or any of its Supervised Persons and the trading by the same of securities ahead of clients in order to take advantage of pending orders. The Code of Ethics also requires certain of FCA’s personnel to report their personal securities holdings and transactions (e.g., initial public offerings, limited offerings). These reporting requirements are not applicable to: (i) direct obligations of the Government of the United States; (ii) money market instruments, bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements and other high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; (iii) shares issued by mutual funds or money market funds; and (iv) shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more mutual funds. Also, under the Code of Ethics, the Firm’s Supervised Persons are permitted to buy or sell securities that it also recommends to clients if done in a fair and equitable manner that is consistent with the Firm’s policies and procedures. Personal trading activity by FCA’s Supervised Persons creates a conflict of interest, especially when any Supervised Person is trading in the same securities as clients. As a fiduciary, FCA and its Supervised Persons have an affirmative duty of care and loyalty and must always act in the best interests of clients. 18 Clients and prospective clients may contact FCA to request a copy of its Code of Ethics. Item 12. Brokerage Practices Recommendation of Broker/Dealers for Client Transactions FCA generally recommends that clients utilize the custody, brokerage and clearing services of a qualified custodian for investment management accounts. Factors which FCA considers in recommending a custodian or broker-dealer to clients include their respective financial strength, reputation, execution, pricing, research and service. A Qualified Custodian may enable the Firm to obtain many mutual funds without transaction charges and other securities at nominal transaction charges. The commissions and/or transaction fees charged by a Qualified Custodian may be higher or lower than those charged by other Financial Institutions. Currently, FCA recommends that clients custody their managed account assets at IB. When performing investment management services, FCA will place transactions for client accounts through the client’s appointed custodian (e.g., IB) since the custodian generally does not charge custodian fees so long as transactions for client accounts are executed through them as broker-dealer. However, FCA periodically evaluates the commissions charged and the service provided by broker-dealer custodians and compares those with other broker-dealers to evaluate whether overall best qualitative execution has been achieved (“best execution”). However, the broker-dealer custodian recommended by the Firm may not provide the lowest commission rate available taking into consideration factors outlined above. Clients may pay commissions that are higher than another qualified broker-dealer custodian might charge to affect the same transaction where FCA determines that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received. In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of services provided by a broker-custodian, including among others, the value of any research provided, their execution capability, and commission rates and responsiveness. FCA seeks competitive rates but may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates for client transactions. Transactions may be cleared through other broker-dealers with whom the Firm and its custodians have entered into agreements for prime brokerage clearing services. Should an account make use of prime brokerage, the Client may be required to sign an additional agreement, and additional fees are likely to be charged. Consistent with obtaining best execution, brokerage transactions may be directed to certain broker/dealers in return for investment research products and/or services which assist FCA in its investment decision- making process. Such research generally will be used to service all of the Firm’s clients, but brokerage commissions paid by one client may be used to pay for research that is not used in managing that client’s portfolio. The receipt of investment research products and/or services as well as the allocation of the benefit of such investment research products and/or services poses a conflict of interest because FCA does not have to produce or pay for the products or services. A Qualified Custodian may compensate the Firm’s clients for a certain amount of fees for transitioning from another broker-dealer. The allocation to clients for these expenses will be done in the order of client transitions, and on a pro rata basis if necessary. 19 FCA periodically and systematically reviews its policies and procedures regarding its recommendation of Financial Institutions in light of its duty to obtain best execution. Software and Support Provided by Financial Institutions FCA receives without cost from IB computer software and related systems support, which allow FCA to better monitor client accounts maintained at IB. FCA receives the software and related support without cost because the Firm renders investment management services to clients that maintain assets with IB. The software and support is not provided in connection with securities transactions of clients (i.e., not “soft dollars”), but the amount of support is based upon the value of assets that clients place with IB. The software and related systems support benefits FCA, but not its clients directly. In fulfilling its fiduciary duties to its clients, FCA endeavors at all times to put the interests of its clients first. Clients should be aware, however, that FCA’s receipt of economic benefits from IB creates a conflict of interest since these benefits can influence the Firm’s choice of broker/dealer custodian over another that does not furnish similar software, systems support or services. Specifically, from time-to-time FCA receives some or all the following benefits: • Receipt of duplicate client confirmations and bundled duplicate statements; • Access to a trading desk that exclusively services its institutional traders; • Access to block trading which provides the ability to aggregate securities transactions and then allocate the appropriate shares to client accounts; and • Access to an electronic communication network for client order entry and account information. There is no direct link between the Firm’s participation in the IB program and the investment advice it gives to its clients, although FCA receives economic benefits through its participation that are typically not available to IB retail investors. The availability of these services from IB benefits FCA because the Firm does not have to produce or purchase them. FCA believes that our selection of IB as a recommended custodian and broker is in the best interests of our clients. It is primarily supported by the scope, quality and cost of IB’s services to clients and not on IB’s services that benefit only FCA. FCA is not affiliated with IB. No one at FCA is a registered representative of IB, and neither FCA nor its personnel receive any commissions or fees from recommending the services of IB. Brokerage for Client Referrals FCA does not consider, in selecting or recommending broker/dealers, whether the Firm receives client referrals from the Financial Institutions or other third party. Directed Brokerage The client may direct FCA in writing to use a particular Financial Institution to execute some or all transactions for the client. In that case, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements for the account with that Financial Institution and the Firm will not seek better execution services or prices from other Financial Institutions or be able to “batch” client transactions for execution through other Financial Institutions with orders for other accounts managed by FCA (as described above). As a result, the client may pay higher commissions or other transaction costs, greater spreads or may receive less favorable net 20 prices, on transactions for the account than would otherwise be the case. Subject to its duty of best execution, FCA may decline a client’s request to direct brokerage if, in the Firm’s sole discretion, such directed brokerage arrangements would result in additional operational difficulties. Trade Aggregation Transactions for each client generally will be effected independently, unless FCA decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at approximately the same time. FCA may (but is not obligated to) combine or “batch” such orders to obtain best execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates or to allocate equitably among the Firm’s clients’ differences in prices and commissions or other transaction costs that might not have been obtained had such orders been placed independently. Under this procedure, transactions will generally be averaged as to price and allocated among FCA’s clients pro rata to the purchase and sale orders placed for each client on any given day. To the extent that the Firm determines to aggregate client orders for the purchase or sale of securities, including securities in which FCA’s Supervised Persons may invest, the Firm generally does so in accordance with applicable rules promulgated under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”) and no-action guidance provided by the staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. FCA does not receive any additional compensation or remuneration as a result of the aggregation. In the event that the Firm determines that a prorated allocation is not appropriate under the particular circumstances, the allocation will be made based upon other relevant factors, which may include: (i) when only a small percentage of the order is executed, shares may be allocated to the account with the smallest order or the smallest position or to an account that is out of line with respect to security or sector weightings relative to other portfolios, with similar mandates; (ii) allocations may be given to one account when one account has limitations in its investment guidelines which prohibit it from purchasing other securities which are expected to produce similar investment results and can be purchased by other accounts; (iii) if an account reaches an investment guideline limit and cannot participate in an allocation, shares may be reallocated to other accounts (this may be due to unforeseen changes in an account’s assets after an order is placed); (iv) with respect to sale allocations, allocations may be given to accounts low in cash; (v) in cases when a pro rata allocation of a potential execution would result in a de minimis allocation in one or more accounts, the Firm may exclude the account(s) from the allocation; the transactions may be executed on a pro rata basis among the remaining accounts; or (vi) in cases where a small proportion of an order is executed in all accounts, shares may be allocated to one or more accounts on a random basis. Item 13. Review of Accounts Account Reviews FCA monitors client portfolios on a continuous and ongoing basis while regular account reviews are conducted on at least a quarterly basis. Such reviews are conducted by the Firm’s Principal. All investment advisory clients are encouraged to discuss their needs, goals and objectives with FCA and to keep the Firm informed of any changes thereto. The Firm contacts ongoing investment advisory clients at least annually to review its previous services and/or recommendations and quarterly to discuss the impact resulting from any changes in the client’s financial situation and/or investment objectives. Account Statements and Reports Clients are provided with transaction confirmation notices and regular summary account statements directly 21 from the Financial Institutions where their assets are custodied. From time-to-time or as otherwise requested, clients may also receive written or electronic reports from FCA and/or an outside service provider, which contain certain account and/or market-related information, such as an inventory of account holdings or account performance. Clients should compare the account statements they receive from their custodian with any documents or reports they receive from FCA or an outside service provider. Item 14. Client Referrals and Other Compensation Client Referrals Currently, FCA does not have any solicitation arrangements in place. In the event a client is introduced to FCA by either an unaffiliated or an affiliated solicitor, the Firm may pay that solicitor a referral fee in accordance with applicable state securities laws. Unless otherwise disclosed, any such referral fee is paid solely from FCA’s investment management fee and does not result in any additional charge to the client. If the client is introduced to the Firm by an unaffiliated solicitor, the solicitor is required to provide the client with FCA’s written brochure(s) and a copy of a solicitor’s disclosure statement containing the terms and conditions of the solicitation arrangement. Any affiliated solicitor of FCA is required to disclose the nature of his or her relationship to prospective clients at the time of the solicitation and will provide all prospective clients with a copy of the Firm’s written brochure(s) at the time of the solicitation. Other Compensation Mr. Hersch serves as a Board member on a company board. Please refer to Items 4, 5 & 10 for further details. Item 15. Custody FCA does not have physical custody of any clients’ assets. The Firm is deemed to have “constructive” custody because the FCA advisory agreement and/or the separate agreement with a client’s qualified custodian authorizes FCA to debit client accounts for payment of the Firm’s fees and to directly remit those funds to the Firm in accordance with Rule 206(4)-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Custody Rule”). The qualified custodian for client accounts, from which the Firm retains the authority to directly deduct fees, sends statements to clients not less than quarterly detailing all account transactions, including any fee amounts paid to FCA. In addition, as discussed in Item 13, FCA may also send periodic supplemental reports to clients. Clients should carefully review the statements sent directly by the Financial Institutions and compare them to those received from FCA. In addition, FCA is deemed to have custody by serving as the sponsor and investment adviser to the FCA SPVs. For that, the FCA SPVs will receive annual audits of the fund’s financial statements by a public accounting firm that is registered with and subject to regular inspection by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. FCA will distribute the audited financial statements to all investors in the FCA SPVs each year within 120 days of the fund’s fiscal year end. Should the fund liquidate its pooled assets, FCA will ensure the financial statements of the SPVs are audited at that time and distributed to the fund’s investors. The SEC has and continues to provide guidance for compliance with the Custody Rule. FCA takes reasonable steps and makes good faith efforts to comply with such guidance. 22 Item 16. Investment Discretion FCA is given the authority to exercise discretion on behalf of clients. FCA is considered to exercise investment discretion over a client’s account if it can effect and/or direct transactions in client accounts without first seeking their consent. FCA is given this authority through a power-of-attorney included in the advisory agreement between FCA and the client. Clients may request a limitation on this authority (such as certain securities not to be bought or sold). FCA takes discretion over the following activities: • The securities to be purchased or sold; • The amount of securities to be purchased or sold; • When transactions are made; and • The broker-dealer that executes trades (in the case of a prime brokerage relationship). FCA also has discretionary authority over the investments in the FCA SPVs, which is outlined in the SPVs’ respective Offering Documents. Item 17. Voting Client Securities It is FCA’s policy to not vote proxies on behalf of its clients. Therefore, FCA will have no obligation or authority to take any action or render any advice with respect to the voting of proxies solicited by or with respect to issuers of securities held in a client’s account. FCA shall not be deemed to have proxy voting authority solely as a result of providing advice or information about a particular proxy vote to a client. Clients will receive proxies directly from their custodian. In the event that proxies for clients are inadvertently sent to FCA, they will be forwarded to the client for voting. FCA typically does not advise or act for clients with respect to any legal matters, including bankruptcies and class actions, relating to the securities held in clients’ accounts. FCA has proxy voting authority of investments held in the SPVs and will be carried out as outlined in the Offering Documents of the SPVs. Item 18. Financial Information FCA does not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six months or more in advance of services and therefore is not required to provide, and has not provided, a balance sheet. FCA does not have any financial commitments that impair its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary obligations to clients and has not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding. 23