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FORM ADV PART 2A
Firm Brochure
Item 1: Cover Page
Item 1: Cover Page
Monday, March 24, 2025
Chief Executive Officer
Rajmiel Odinec
e-mail: rodinec@sol-capital.com
President
Samuel Sandler
e-mail: ssandler@sol-capital.com
Principal Office Address
111 Rockville Pike, Suite 750
Rockville, MD 20850, USA
Phone: +1 (301) 881 3727
Fax: +1 (301) 770 5346
Website Address
www.sol-capital.com
Vice President & Chief Compliance
Officer
Sandra G. Horne
e-mail: shorne@sol-capital.com
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of SOL Capital Management
Company. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at +1 (301) 881-3727
or shorne@sol-capital.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority. Additional information about
SOL Capital Management Company also is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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Item 2: Material Changes
No material changes.
Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page
1
Item 2: Material Changes
2
Item 3: Table of Contents
2
Item 4: Advisory Business
3
Item 5: Fees and Compensation
11
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
12
Item 7: Types of Clients
12
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
13
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
16
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
16
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
17
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
18
Item 13: Review of Accounts
21
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
23
Item 15: Custody
23
Item 16: Investment Discretion
24
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
25
Item 18: Financial Information
26
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Item 4: Advisory Business
SOL Capital Management Company (“SOL Capital”) has been serving clients as an
investment advisory firm since 1987. The company was founded by Samuel Sandler, Frances
J. Odinec and James A. Lynn. Mr. Rajmiel Odinec joined the firm in November 1989. In July
1999, Mr. Lynn was bought out by Mr. Sandler and Mr. & Mrs. Odinec, and now the firm is
owned by just the three of them. The ownership is as follows:
Mr. Samuel Sandler
Owns 50%
Mr. Rajmiel Odinec
Owns 25%
Mrs. Frances J. Odinec
Owns 25%
SOL Capital offers investment management services and investment consultation services to
U.S. and international high-net-worth individuals and corporations, family offices, pension
and profit-sharing plans, trusts, estates, and charitable organizations. SOL Capital manages
both discretionary and non-discretionary accounts. Managing accounts on a discretionary
basis means that we manage securities accounts on behalf of clients without asking for the
client’s permission for each transaction. Once we communicate with a client and determine
their investment objectives and risk tolerances, among other factors, and have drafted an
appropriate investment policy statement, SOL Capital chooses the securities that we believe
are suited for the clients’ portfolios and trade in the clients’ accounts on their behalf. We also
manage accounts on a non-discretionary basis. In other words, we monitor and review an
account and at times make securities recommendations to the client, when we act on a non-
discretionary basis, but it is up to the client. If the client accepts our recommendations, we will
place the trades with the custodian and ensure settlement of those trades. In these cases, we
can also monitor and report on these accounts to the client.
We can offer investment advice on the following types of securities:
• Equity Securities
o Exchange-listed securities
o Securities traded over the counter
o Foreign securities
o Exchange traded funds (or “ETFs” and “ETNs”)
• Warrants
• Corporate debt securities (other than commercial paper)
• Commercial Paper
• Certificates of Deposit
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• Municipal Securities
•
Investment Company Securities
o Variable annuities
o Mutual fund shares
Interests in partnerships or LLCs investing in:
• United States government/agency securities and sovereign bonds
• Options contracts on securities
•
o Hedge funds
o Real estate
o Oil and gas interests
Financial Consulting
SOL Capital can provide its advisory clients, on a case-by-case basis, with limited financial or
retirement consulting services. Neither SOL Capital, nor any of its representatives, serves as
an attorney, accountant, insurance agent, or financial planner and no portion of SOL Capital ’s
services should be construed as such. SOL Capital does not verify any information provided
to it by the client and relies solely on information provided by the client.
Client Obligations
In performing its services, SOL Capital is not required to verify any information received from
the client or from the clients’ professionals. Moreover, each client is advised that it remains
his/her/their/its responsibility to promptly notify SOL Capital if there is ever any change in his/
her/their/its financial situation or investment objectives. Beneficiary Designations: If you
have not yet established beneficiaries for your accounts, please let us know if you would like
our assistance with completing such beneficiary designation(s) at the account custodian.
Please Note: Investment Risk
Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and it should not be assumed
that future performance of any specific investment or investment strategy (including the
investments and/or investment strategies recommended or undertaken by SOL Capital) will
be profitable or equal any specific performance level(s).
Unaffiliated Private Investment Funds
SOL Capital does not recommend that its clients invest in private investment funds. However,
if a client desires to invest in a private fund and requests SOL Capital’s assistance, SOL
Capital, on a non-discretionary basis, may recommend that certain qualified clients consider
an investment in private investment funds, the description of which (the terms, conditions,
risks, conflicts, and fees, including incentive compensation) is set forth in the fund ’s offering
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documents. SOL Capital’s role relative to unaffiliated private investment funds shall be limited
to its initial and ongoing due diligence and investment monitoring services. If a client
determines to become an unaffiliated private fund investor, the amount of assets invested in
the fund(s) shall be included as part of “assets under management” for purposes of SOL
Capital calculating its investment advisory fee. SOL Capital ’s fee shall be in addition to the
fund ’s fees. SOL Capital’s clients are under absolutely no obligation to consider or make an
investment in any private investment fund(s).
Please Note
Private investment funds generally involve various risk factors, including, but not limited to,
the potential for complete loss of principal, liquidity constraints and lack of transparency, a
complete discussion of which is set forth in each fund ’s offering documents, which will be
provided to each potentially interested client for review and consideration. Unlike liquid
investments that a client may own, private investment funds do not provide daily liquidity or
pricing. Each prospective client investor will be required to complete a Subscription
Agreement, pursuant to which the client shall establish that he/she/they/it is/are qualified for
investment in the fund and acknowledges and accepts the various risks that are associated
with such an investment.
Please Also Note: Valuation
In the event that SOL Capital references private investment funds owned by the client on any
supplemental account reports prepared by SOL Capital, the value(s) for all private investment
funds owned by the client shall reflect the most recent valuation provided by the fund
sponsor. However, if subsequent to purchase, the fund has not provided an updated
valuation, the valuation shall reflect the initial purchase price. If subsequent to purchase, the
fund provides an updated valuation, then the account reports prepared by SOL Capital will
reflect that updated value.
The updated value will continue to be reflected on the report until the fund provides a further
updated value.
Please Also Note
As a result of the valuation process, if the valuation reflects the initial purchase price or an
updated value subsequent to the purchase price, the current value(s) of an investor ’s fund
holdings(s) could be significantly more or less than the value reflected in the report. Unless
otherwise indicated, SOL Capital shall calculate its fee based upon the latest value provided
by the fund sponsor.
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Please Note: Retirement Rollovers-Potential for Conflict of
Interest
A client or prospective client leaving an employer typically has four options regarding an
existing retirement plan (and may engage in a combination of these options): (i) leave the
money in the former employer ’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over the assets to the new
employer’s plan, if one is available and rollovers are permitted, (iii) roll over to an Individual
Retirement Account (“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value (which could, depending upon
the client’s age, result in adverse tax consequences). If SOL Capital recommends that a client
roll over their retirement plan assets into an account to be managed by SOL Capital, such a
recommendation creates a conflict of interest if SOL Capital will earn new (or increase its
current) compensation as a result of the rollover. If SOL Capital provides a recommendation
as to whether a client should engage in a rollover or not (whether it is from an employer ’s plan
or an existing IRA), SOL Capital is acting as a fiduciary within the meaning of Title I of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable,
which are laws governing retirement accounts. No client is under any obligation to roll over
retirement plan assets to an account managed by SOL Capital, whether it is from an
employer’s plan or an existing IRA. SOL Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra
Horne, remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may
have regarding the potential for conflict of interest presented by such rollover
recommendation.
Please Note: Use of Mutual Funds
Many mutual funds are available directly to the public. Thus, a prospective client can obtain
many of the mutual funds that may be recommended and/or utilized by SOL Capital
independent of engaging SOL Capital as an investment advisor. However, if a prospective
client determines to do so, he/she will not receive SOL Capital ’s initial and ongoing
investment advisory services. In addition to SOL’s investment advisory fee described below,
and transaction and/or custodial fees discussed above, clients will also incur, relative to all
mutual fund and exchanged traded fund purchases, charges imposed at the fund level (e.g.
management fees and other fund expenses).
Please Note: Use of DFA Mutual Funds
Many mutual funds are available directly to the public, without the need to engage an
investment professional. The DFA mutual funds are generally only available through
registered investment advisers approved by Dimensional Fund Advisors (“DFA”). SOL Capital
utilizes DFA mutual funds. Thus, if the client was to terminate SOL Capital’s services,
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restrictions regarding transferability and/or additional purchases of, or reallocation among,
DFA funds may apply. SOL Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra G. Horne, remains
available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding
the above.
Please Note: Cash Positions
SOL Capital treats cash and cash equivalents as an asset class. As such, unless determined
to the contrary by SOL, all cash positions (money markets, etc.) shall be included as part of
assets under management for purposes of calculating the SOL Capital ’s advisory fee. At any
specific point in time, depending upon perceived or anticipated market conditions/events
(there being no guarantee that such anticipated market conditions/events will occur), SOL
Capital may maintain cash positions for defensive purposes. In addition, while assets are
maintained in cash, such amounts could miss market advances. Depending upon current
yields, at any point in time, SOL Capital ’s advisory fee could exceed the interest paid by the
client’s money market fund. ANY QUESTIONS: SOL Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer,
Sandra Horne, remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective
may have regarding the above fee billing practice.
Cash Sweep Accounts
Certain accounts custodians can require that cash proceeds from account transactions or
new deposits, be swept to and/or initially maintained in a specific custodian designated
sweep account. The yield on the sweep account will generally be lower than those available
for other money market accounts. When this occurs, to help mitigate the corresponding yield
dispersion, SOL shall (usually within 30 days thereafter) generally (with exceptions) purchase
a higher yielding money market fund (or other type security) available on the custodian’s
platform, unless SOL reasonably anticipates that it will utilize the cash proceeds during the
subsequent 30-day period to purchase additional investments for the client’s account.
Exceptions and/or modifications can and will occur with respect to all or a portion of the cash
balances for various reasons, including, but not limited to the amount of dispersion between
the sweep account and a money market fund, an indication from the client of an imminent
need for such cash, or the client has demonstrated history of writing checks from the
account.
Please Note: Cash Sweep Accounts
The above does not apply to the cash component maintained within a SOL actively managed
investment strategy (the cash balances for which shall generally remain in the custodian
designated cash sweep account), an indication from the client of a need for access to such
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cash, assets allocated to an unaffiliated investment manager, and cash balances maintained
for fee billing purposes.
Please Also Note: Cash Sweep Accounts
The client shall remain exclusively responsible for yield dispersion/cash balance decisions
and corresponding transactions for cash balances maintained in any SOL unmanaged
accounts. ANY QUESTIONS: SOL’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra Horne, remains
available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding
the above.
Custodian Charges-Additional Fees
As discussed in Item 12 below, when requested to recommend a broker-dealer/custodian for
client accounts, SOL Capital generally recommends that Fidelity Investments (“Fidelity”),
Charles Schwab & Co. (“Schwab”) and/or Pershing Advisor Solutions LLC (“Pershing”) serve
as the broker- dealer/custodian for client investment management assets. Broker-dealers
such as Fidelity, Schwab and/or Pershing charge brokerage commissions, transaction,
and/or other types of fees for effecting certain types of securities transactions (i.e., including
transaction fees for certain mutual funds, mark-ups and markdowns charged for fixed income
transactions, etc.). The types of securities for which transaction fees, commissions, and/or
other type of fees (as well as the amount of those fees) shall differ depending upon the
broker-dealer/custodian (while certain custodians do not currently charge fees on individual
equity transactions, others do). These fees/charges are in addition to SOL Capital ’s
investment advisory fee referenced in Item 5 below. SOL Capital does not receive any portion
of these broker-dealer/custodian fees/charges. ANY QUESTIONS: SOL Capital’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Sandra Horne, remains available to address any questions that a
client or prospective client may have regarding the above.
Portfolio Activity
SOL Capital has a fiduciary duty to provide services consistent with client’s best interests. As
part of its investment advisory services, SOL Capital will review client portfolios on an ongoing
basis to determine if any changes are necessary based upon various factors, including, but
not limited to, investment performance, fund manager tenure, style drift, account additions/
withdrawals, and/or a change in clients ’investment objectives. Based upon these factors,
there may be extended periods of time when SOL Capital determines that changes to clients’
portfolios are neither necessary nor prudent. SOL Capital’s advisory fee remains payable
during these periods. Of course, as indicated below, there can be no assurance that
investment decisions made by SOL Capital will be profitable or equal any specific
performance level(s).
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Please Note: Non-Discretionary Service Limitations
Clients that determine to engage SOL Capital on a non-discretionary investment advisory
basis must be willing to accept that SOL Capital cannot place any account transactions
without obtaining prior consent to any such transaction(s) from the client. Thus, if SOL Capital
would like to make a transaction for a client's account (including in the event of an individual
holding or general market correction), and the client is unavailable, SOL Capital will be unable
to place the account transaction(s) (as it would for its discretionary clients) without first
obtaining the client’s consent.
Please Note: Cybersecurity Risk
The information technology systems and networks that SOL Capital and it’s third-party
service providers use to provide services to SOL Capital’s clients employ various controls that
are designed to prevent cybersecurity incidents stemming from intentional or unintentional
actions that could cause significant interruptions in SOL Capital operations and/or result in
the unauthorized acquisition or use of clients’ confidential or non-public personal information.
Clients and SOL Capital are nonetheless subject to the risk of cybersecurity incidents that
could ultimately cause them t incur financial losses and/or other adverse consequences.
Although SOL Capital has established processes to reduce the risk of cybersecurity incidents,
there is no guarantee that these efforts will always be successful, especially considering that
SOL Capital does not control the cybersecurity measures and policies reemployed by third-
party service providers, issuers of securities, broker-dealers, qualified custodians,
governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchanges and other financial market
operators and providers.
Please Note: In General
When we take on a new account, we meet with each client to discuss his/her/their/its current
portfolio, investment objectives, liquidity needs, risk tolerance and investment time horizon.
During this discussion, the client may impose restrictions on the types of securities that may
be purchased or may impose restrictions on particular securities that can be purchased.
Based on that discussion, we prepare a preliminary asset allocation that is further discussed
and analyzed with the client. Once an appropriate asset allocation is agreed upon, the client
formalizes an investment policy statement and signs it. This policy serves as the general
investment guidelines for the investment of the portfolio.
Please Note: Miscellaneous
Borrowing Against Assets/Risks. A client who has a need to borrow money could determine
to do so by using:
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• Margin - The account custodian or broker-dealer lends money to the client. The
custodian charges the client interest for the right to borrow money, and uses the
assets in the client’s brokerage account as collateral; and/or,
• Pledged Assets Loan - In consideration for a lender (i.e., a bank, etc.) to make a
loan to the client, the client pledges his/her/their/its investment assets held at the
account custodian as collateral;
These above-described collateralized loans are generally utilized because they typically
provide more favorable interest rates than standard commercial loans. These types of
collateralized loans can assist with a pending home purchase, permit the retirement of more
expensive debt, or enable borrowing in lieu of liquidating existing account positions and
incurring capital gains taxes. However, such loans are not without potential material risk to the
client’s investment assets. The lender (i.e., custodian, bank, etc.) will have recourse against
the client’s investment assets in the event of loan default or if the assets fall below a certain
level. For this reason, SOL Capital does not generally recommend such borrowing unless it is
for specific short-term purposes (i.e., a bridge loan to purchase a new residence). SOL
Capital does not recommend such borrowing for investment purposes (i.e. to invest borrowed
funds in the market). Regardless, if the client determines to utilize margin or a pledged assets
loan, the following economic benefits would inure to SOL Capital:
• by taking the loan rather than liquidating assets in the client ’s account, SOL Capital
•
•
continues to earn a fee on such assets; and,
if the client invests any portion of the loan proceeds in an account to be managed by
SOL Capital, SOL Capital will receive an advisory fee on the invested amount; and,
if SOL Capital’s advisory fee is based upon the higher margined account value, SOL
Capital will earn a correspondingly higher advisory fee. This could provide SOL
Capital with a disincentive to encourage the client to discontinue the use of margin.
Please Note
The Client must accept the above risks and potential corresponding consequences
associated with the use of margin or pledged assets loans.
Accounts are generally managed on a discretionary basis, within certain guidelines authorized
by the client. However, transactions not falling within those guidelines may be specifically
requested by the clients. The amount of regulatory assets under management as reported to
the Securities and Exchange Commission on its ADV, Part I by SOL Capital as of December
31, 2024 was $2,980,106,350.
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
The fees for providing services are paid to SOL Capital by clients based upon the average
daily balance of the total gross market value of the assets held in the account, without
deducting any margin balance, for the previous month. As a company policy, SOL Capital
does not receive or accept commissions or fees from any source other than clients.
The standard fee charged by SOL Capital for its advisory services is a percentage of the
average daily balance of the total gross market value of assets under management, as
follows:
$5,000,000
1.00%
$0 up to
on the next
$15,000,000
0.60%
on the next
$80,000,000
0.50%
amounts over
$100,000,000
negotiable
Notwithstanding the above table, the fees for advisory services charged by SOL Capital are
negotiable.
The fee is payable monthly, in arrears. The fees incurred are deducted directly from clients’
account with the custodian, unless the client wishes to pay the fee directly, by check.
In addition to the advisory fees paid to SOL Capital, clients whose assets are invested in
mutual funds, private funds, or exchange-traded funds will, like other shareholders of those
funds, be subject to fees charged by those funds. These fees are built into the pricing
structure of the funds and are not paid directly from the clients’ managed accounts, and SOL
Capital receives no part of those fees. SOL Capital seeks to invest clients’ assets in mutual
funds which have no front- or back-end sales charges and which SOL Capital believes to have
appropriate fee structures.
In addition to the advisory fees paid to SOL Capital, clients may also incur fees from
custodians for the execution of securities transactions and other transaction services,
custody and related services. Please see below, Item 12 – Brokerage Practices, for more
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information on expenses incurred in relation to fees charged to clients by broker-dealers and
custodians.
Margin Accounts: Risks/Conflict of Interest
Generally, SOL Capital does not recommend the use of margin for investment purposes. A
margin account is a brokerage account that allows investors to borrow money to buy
securities. By using borrowed funds, the customer is employing leverage that will magnify
both account gains and losses. The broker charges the investor interest for the right to
borrow money and uses the securities as collateral. Should a client determine to use margin
where available, SOL Capital will include the entire market value of the invested assets when
computing its advisory fee.
Accordingly, SOL Capital’s fee shall be based upon a higher margined account value,
resulting in SOL Capital earning a correspondingly higher advisory fee. As a result, the
potential of conflict of interest arises since SOL Capital may have an economic disincentive to
recommend that the client terminate the use of margin. ANY QUESTIONS: Our Chief
Compliance Officer, Sandra Horne, remains available to address any questions that a
client or prospective client may have regarding the use of margin.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-
By-Side Management
SOL Capital does not maintain any performance-based or incentive fee arrangements with its
clients.
Item 7: Types of Clients
The types of clients to which SOL Capital provides investment advice are as follows:
Individuals
•
• Pension and profit-sharing plans
• Trusts, estates and charitable organizations
• Corporations (U.S. and international)
At present, SOL Capital ’s business is generally limited to providing investment advice for
clients with a minimum net worth of US$5,000,000 who establish accounts of at least
US$5,000,000. We may consider clients with less than US$5,000,000 where the services
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performed by SOL Capital are of a special nature or in other circumstances, as determined at
the discretion of SOL Capital.
SOL Capital, in its discretion, may charge a lesser investment advisory fee, waive or modify its
asset minimum, charge a flat fee, or waive its fee entirely based upon certain criteria (i.e.,
anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount of
assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, complexity of the
engagement, grandfathered fee schedules, SOL Capital employees and family members,
courtesy accounts, competition, negotiations with client, etc.).
Please Note
As a result of the above, similarly situated clients could pay different fees. In addition, similar
advisory services may be available from other investment advisers for similar or lower fees.
ANY QUESTIONS: SOL Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra Horne, remains
available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding
advisory fees.
As of December 31, 2024, SOL Capital provided securities related advice to 430 clients: 132
corporations, 291 individuals, and 7 pension plans, profit sharing plans or charitable
organizations.
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment
Strategies and Risk of Loss
Investment Manager Selection Process
When constructing client portfolios, SOL Capital generally invests in a combination of actively
managed mutual funds, index and passively managed funds, and exchange-traded funds
(ETFs). We will add individual equities to portfolios of clients who want more concentration,
volatility, or both. However, our focus is on diversified strategies such as mutual funds and
ETFs, which makes manager selection a top priority for our firm. It is important to note that a
client could lose money by investing in mutual funds and ETFs, and mutual funds and ETFs
can underperform other investments. A mutual fund ’s and ETF’s share price and total return
will fluctuate due to risk factors including, but not limited to issuer risk, management risk,
equity risk, market risk, liquidity risk, non-U.S. issuer risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and
prepayment risk of the securities purchased by the funds.
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A RIGOROUS PROCESS
SOL Capital follows a four-step process when selecting mutual fund managers. Our goal is to
identify what we believe to be the best-in-class managers with proven strategies that align
with our clients’ objectives.
We describe our manager selection process for actively managed mutual funds below. Please
note that our process is a little different for index and passively managed funds and ETFs,
where applicable, in that we look at how the index fund or ETF is designed as opposed to the
specific portfolio manager(s) responsible for managing the fund.
1. Needs Analysis
We regularly assess our existing managers by asset class. We periodically review
performance and confirm that the fund managers are investing in a consistent manner with
their stated objectives. We look for gaps in our product line-up or for managers we would like
to replace.
2. Due Diligence
SCREENING
We frequently meet with fund managers and their representatives to review current funds and
new opportunities. If we have identified an asset class of interest, we screen the universe of
funds within that asset class using tools such as Morningstar and FactSet. We evaluate a
number of metrics, including performance, allocations, volatility, and downside risk relative to
benchmarks and peer groups.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
If a fund looks promising, we perform a detailed analysis of both the fund and the manager(s).
We scrutinize the manager’s track record, investment style and process, portfolio holdings,
and approach to risk management, among other factors. We also examine the fund’s
structure and fees.
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We augment information from databases with information that we gather directly from the
fund company. Periodically, we meet with the fund company and the portfolio manager(s).
SELECTION CRITERIA
In general, we favor managers and funds with these characteristics:
• At least a three-year performance history, although we will consider newer funds if the
manager has a proven track record with another fund of the same style.
• Performance history that was created by the current manager of the fund.
• A portfolio management team rather than a “star” manager, especially when the fund is
part of a large mutual fund complex; however, funds managed by individual managers
may also be selected.
3. Manager Approval
The SOL Capital Investment Committee member researching the manager presents his or her
findings to the Investment Committee. The Investment Committee meets formally each week
and informally on a more frequent basis.
MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES
The discussion among the Investment Committee members may start at the beginning of the
due diligence process or further along, perhaps even after the Investment Committee
member has met with the manager. Regardless of when the Investment Committee gets
involved, the members debate the pros and cons of the manager and the fund until a
consensus is met. Further review of the fund may be warranted before approval. In our
opinion, having several points of view supports well-informed selection decisions.
APPROVED AND “WATCH” LISTS
Once this additional layer of due diligence is complete, the Investment Committee decides on
whether or not to add the manager to our approved list. Manager approval requires a
consensus and the approval of our Chief Investment Officer. We put rejected funds that are
still interesting to us on our watch list and monitor them alongside approved managers.
4. Regular Monitoring
Our due diligence process is ongoing. We review our managers to ensure they are adhering to
their stated objectives. We meet with and talk with many of our managers, participate in many
manager calls, and review fund commentary and other relevant information.
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REMOVING A MANAGER
We are long-term investors who generally invest with a manager for many years. However,
several factors might cause us to remove a manager from our approved list, such as
consistently poor performance, management changes, and style inconsistency.
In most instances, our decision to remove a manager is a gradual one. The members of the
Investment Committee typically discuss the issue over the course of several weekly meetings.
If a decision is made to remove a manager, we tend to sell the fund out of client portfolios on a
gradual basis. Furthermore, a SOL Capital portfolio manager may choose to keep a “removed
fund” in a client portfolio for numerous reasons, including the need to avoid an undesirable
taxable event.
It is important to note that investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be
prepared to bear.
The risks associated with the investment strategy indicated above are predominantly related
to a mutual fund which would deviate significantly from the style or risk profile indicated in its
prospectus. A fund may underperform its benchmark or realize a higher level of volatility than
experienced in the past. Additional risks include the death or departure of a fund manager, if
an insufficient legacy plan is in place.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
Neither SOL Capital nor its management have been involved in any material legal or
disciplinary action, including any criminal or civil action, any type of administrative proceeding
before the SEC, any state regulatory agency or foreign financial regulatory authority, or any
proceeding by a self-regulatory agency.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities
and Affiliations
Not applicable.
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Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or
Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading
Investment advisers are fiduciaries that owe their clients a duty of care and loyalty. This
fiduciary duty governs every aspect of an adviser’s conduct and relationship with clients. The
guiding principle for a fiduciary is to always put clients’ interests ahead of their own interests
and to provide full and fair disclosure to clients, including disclosure of all actual and potential
material conflicts of interest. Similarly, investment advisers may not engage in or attempt to
engage in fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative conduct with respect to clients.
SOL Capital has a fiduciary responsibility to always act in the best interest of its clients.
Accordingly, no employee of SOL Capital may take any action, including, but not limited to,
purchasing or selling a security, for personal gain that is contrary to the interests of the firm’s
clients. SOL Capital ’s obligations to clients also require the firm to maintain and enforce
policies and procedures to prevent the misuse of material nonpublic information, which
includes misuse of material nonpublic information about the adviser's securities
recommendations, and clients’ securities holdings and transactions. SOL Capital’s duty of
care also requires that it safeguard this sensitive information.
SOL Capital ’s policy requires all personnel to comply with all applicable federal and state
securities laws, to perform their duties with complete propriety and to never take advantage
of their position of trust with clients to their detriment. The firm’s Code of Ethics sets forth
standards of conduct for its employees, establishes procedures to safeguard client
information (including information concerning clients’ securities transactions and portfolio
holdings) and addresses conflicts that may arise from personal trading by the firm’s
personnel.
If any client or prospective client would like to see a copy of the SOL Capital Employee Code
of Ethics, please write or e-mail:
Sandra G. Horne
VP/Chief Compliance Officer
SOL Capital Management Company
111 Rockville Pike, Suite 750 Rockville, MD 20850
e-mail: shorne@sol-capital.com
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As a policy, SOL Capital does not recommend or buy securities for clients’ accounts in which
SOL Capital, or any related person of SOL Capital, has a proprietary interest. However, at
times, officers or employees of SOL Capital may purchase or sell the same mutual funds,
ETFs, stocks, bonds or other securities that are purchased or sold for clients at or about the
same time. As a fiduciary, SOL Capital is prohibited from taking advantage of an investment
opportunity at the expense of its clients. To ensure compliance with this requirement and to
resolve conflicts of interest that may arise, SOL Capital requires all employees to submit
information regarding their personal securities transactions to the Chief Compliance Officer.
These records are reviewed by the Chief Compliance Officer for instances of trading practices
that harm SOL Capital’s clients, such as scalping, front-running or taking an investment
opportunity from a client for an employee’s own benefit. Specific pending client orders and
other specific securities are placed on a “restricted list” and employees of SOL Capital may
not trade in those securities until they are removed from the “restricted list” or are pre-
authorized by the Chief Compliance Officer. It is important to note that the majority of SOL
Capital’s client’s assets are invested in mutual funds and those particular securities are not at
risk of front-running, and therefore are not placed on the restricted list.
Please Note
Our Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra G. Horne, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding any conflicts of interest
and how SOL Capital attempts to mitigate them.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
In the event that the client requests that SOL Capital recommend a broker- dealer/custodian
for execution and/or custodial services (exclusive of those clients that may direct SOL Capital
to use a specific broker-dealer/custodian), SOL Capital generally recommends that
investment management accounts be maintained at Fidelity, Pershing and/or Schwab. Prior
to engaging SOL Capital to provide investment management services, clients will be required
to enter into a formal Investment Advisory Agreement with SOL Capital setting forth the terms
and conditions under which SOL Capital shall manage clients’ assets, and a separate
custodial/clearing agreement with each designated broker-dealer/custodian.
Factors that SOL Capital considers in recommending Fidelity, Pershing and/or Schwab (or
any other broker-dealer/custodian to clients) include historical relationship with SOL Capital,
financial strength, reputation, execution capabilities, pricing and service. Although the
commissions and/or transaction fees paid by SOL Capital ’s clients shall comply with SOL
Capital’s duty to seek best execution, a client may pay a commission that is higher than
another qualified broker-dealer might charge to effect the same transaction where SOL
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Capital determines, in good faith, that the commission/transaction fee is reasonable. In
seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether
the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full
range of a broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution
capability, commission rates, and responsiveness.
Accordingly, although SOL Capital will seek competitive rates, it may not necessarily obtain
the lowest possible commission rates for clients’ account transactions. The brokerage
commissions or transaction fees charged by the designated broker- dealer/custodian are
exclusive of, and in addition to, SOL Capital's investment management fee. SOL Capital ’s best
execution responsibility is qualified if securities that it purchases for clients’ accounts are
mutual funds that trade at net asset value as determined at the daily market close.
Research and Additional Benefits
SOL Capital has no formal or informal arrangement in place where we receive research in
return for directing brokerage commissions and none of our clients’ accounts generate soft
dollar credits that are tracked by our broker-dealers/custodians. However, we do get certain
things from Schwab, Fidelity and Pershing merely because we are on their platform. In
addition, SOL Capital may receive from Fidelity and/or Schwab and/or Pershing (or another
broker-dealer/custodian, investment manager, platform or fund sponsor) without cost
(and/or at a discount) support services and/or products, certain of which assist SOL Capital
to better monitor and service client accounts maintained at such institutions. Such support
services may include investment-related research, pricing information and market data,
software and other technology that provide access to client account data, compliance and/or
practice management-related publications, discounted or gratis consulting services,
discounted and/or gratis attendance at conferences, meetings, and educational and/or
social events, marketing support (including client events), computer hardware and/or
software and/or other products used by SOL Capital in furtherance of its investment advisory
business operations.
As indicated above, certain of the support services and/or products that may be received may
assist SOL Capital in managing and administering client accounts. Such services and/or
products are used to service all of our clients’ accounts. Other services and/or products do
not aid in investment decision-making or trade execution, but rather assist SOL Capital to
manage and further develop its business enterprise.
Schwab’s, Fidelity’s and Pershing ’s support services and/or products are generally available
to independent investment advisors that use their services on an unsolicited basis at no
charge to them. SOL Capital’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected
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and/or assets maintained at Fidelity, Pershing and/or Schwab as a result of this arrangement.
There is no commitment made by SOL Capital to Fidelity, Pershing and/or Schwab or any
other any broker- dealer/custodian to direct a certain level of commissions to them or to
invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets through them in order to obtain the
support services and/or products. Nevertheless, because there is a value associated with the
support services and/or products, we may have an incentive to select or recommend a
broker-dealer based on our interest in receiving these support services and/or products,
rather than on clients’ interests in receiving most favorable execution. However, as stated
above, SOL Capital has no formal or informal arrangement in place where we receive
research, or other services in return for directing brokerage commissions and none of our
clients’ accounts generate soft dollar credits that are tracked by our broker-
dealers/custodians.
SOL Capital works with a few different custodians in order to help clients achieve their overall
objectives. We use general guidelines for deciding which broker we prefer to recommend to
the client, based on clients’ objectives and account profile. For example, often we will
recommend that US clients to open accounts with Schwab and/or Fidelity and internationally
based clients to open accounts with Fidelity and/or Pershing. We feel that by recommending
clients to a specific brokerage firm, we can help them access the execution-related products
and services that we believe are best suited to their investment objectives, at favorable prices.
SOL Capital does not receive any commissions or other compensation from the brokers in
exchange for this practice.
Directed Brokerage
From time to time, clients may come to us and request a particular broker-dealer in order to
achieve global diversification, or they may direct SOL Capital to use particular broker-dealers
to execute their securities transactions. SOL Capital is certainly willing to accommodate this
need and will utilize broker-dealers identified by a client. In such client directed
arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements for his/her/their/its account
with that broker-dealer, and SOL Capital may not be able to seek better execution services or
prices from other broker-dealers or be able to "batch" clients’ transactions for execution
through other broker-dealers with orders for other accounts managed by SOL Capital. As a
result, a client may pay higher commissions or other transaction costs or greater spreads, or
receive less favorable net prices, on transactions for the account than would otherwise be the
case.
Please Note
In the event that clients direct SOL Capital to effect securities transactions for their accounts
through a specific broker-dealer, clients correspondingly acknowledge that such direction
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may cause the accounts to incur higher commissions or transaction costs than the accounts
would otherwise incur had the client determined to effect account transactions through
alternative clearing arrangements that may be available through SOL Capital. Higher
transaction costs adversely impact account performance.
SOL Capital trades mostly mutual funds at net asset value. When appropriate, SOL Capital
may place block trades. When block trading is utilized, we allocate the shares purchased or
sold based on average cost only.
SOL Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra G. Horne, remains available to address
any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above, and the
corresponding potential conflicts of interest.
Item 13: Review of Accounts
Based on the guidelines in the investment policy statement, SOL Capital searches for and
invests in what it considers to be appropriate investment vehicles to fund each of the asset
classes incorporated into clients’ investment programs to try to achieve clients’ investment
objectives.
Once clients’ assets are invested, the portfolio is monitored regularly including the following
aspects:
• Check current asset allocation versus target allocation and ensure each asset class
is within the range specified in the investment policy statement. Deviations from the
ranges set forth in clients’ investment policies are addressed as required including
periodic rebalancing of the portfolios.
• Review portfolio holdings for consistency and appropriateness with clients’
objectives. Mutual funds and their managers are additionally reviewed, either at the
same time or separately, for consistency with their stated objectives in terms of
market capitalization and style focus. Individual securities, mutual funds, and overall
portfolio performance are periodically further reviewed against relative benchmarks.
• Cash balances are reviewed in terms of clients’ stated liquidity needs. Any excesses
or shortages of cash are addressed as required. When clients contribute significant
additional funds, or request unexpected withdrawals, an analysis of the portfolio is
made to determine the most appropriate way to invest new funds or to generate the
needed liquidity.
As economic and market conditions evolve, changes might be implemented in the structure
of the portfolio within the guidelines allowed in each client’s investment policy statement.
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If, and when, any client informs SOL Capital that they have experienced a substantial change
in his/her/their/its overall situation that affects his/her/their/its overall investment objective,
risk-tolerance, time horizon, and/or liquidity needs, SOL Capital and the client review the
appropriate changes that may be required in the investment program and investment policy
statement. SOL Capital will then implement the agreed upon changes.
All portfolios are assigned a portfolio manager who is responsible for monitoring and
reviewing each account at least once within a 60-day review cycle, and more often if required.
All portfolios are additionally assigned a lead portfolio reviewer who is also responsible for
monitoring and reviewing each account. Portfolio managers and lead portfolio reviewers meet
periodically to review the accounts together, and at that time either change or reconfirm
recommendations of the portfolio manager.
SOL Capital shall have the ability to deduct its advisory fee from the clients’ custodial
accounts. Clients are provided with printed transaction confirmation notices, and a printed
summary of account statement directly from the custodian (i.e., Schwab, Fidelity, Pershing,
etc.) at least quarterly.
Please Note
To the extent that SOL Capital provides clients with periodic account statements or reports,
the client is urged to compare any statement or report provided by SOL Capital with the
account statements received from the account custodian.
Please Also Note
The account custodian does not verify the accuracy of SOL Capital ’s advisory fee
calculations.
Each client of SOL Capital receives at least quarterly reports on the performance and holdings
in his/hers/their/its account(s). The reports set forth the holdings of the current portfolio and
its current market value, charges and fees and year-to-date performance. Also, a
management fee billing statement is provided monthly, where applicable. SOL Capital also
has a password-protected reporting website where performance, holdings and transactions
are published daily. Clients who are interested in this service are provided details on how to
obtain a user ID and password to this site and may review their accounts at their leisure.
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Item 14: Client Referrals and Other
Compensation
As indicated at Item 12, SOL Capital can receive from Fidelity, Schwab and/or Pershing
without cost (and/or at a discount), support services and/or products. SOL Capital’s clients
do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or assets maintained at Fidelity,
Schwab, and/or Pershing (or any other institution) as a result of these arrangements. There
is no corresponding commitment made by SOL Capital to Fidelity, Schwab, and/or Pershing,
or to any other entity, to invest any specific amount of percentage off clients’ assets in any
specific mutual funds, securities or other investment products as a result of the above
arrangements. ANY QUESTIONS: SOL Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra Horne,
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above arrangements and the corresponding conflict of interested
presented by such arrangements.
SOL Capital engages promoters to introduce new prospective clients to SOL Capital
consistent with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, its corresponding rules, and applicable
state regulatory requirements. If the prospect subsequently engages SOL Capital, the
promoter shall generally be compensated by SOL Capital for the introduction. Because the
promoter has an economic incentive to introduce the prospect to SOL Capital, a conflict of
interest is presented. The promoter’s introduction shall not result in the prospect’s payment
of a higher investment advisory fee to SOL Capital (i.e., if the prospect was to engage SOL
Capital independent of the promoter’s introduction).
Item 15: Custody
Some services that SOL Capital provides to advisory clients causes SOL Capital to be
construed by the SEC as having legal “custody” of client assets. In particular, the SEC
interprets SOL Capital to have legal custody when the custodian receives standing letters of
instruction from clients to help facilitate the movement of cash from their account(s) held at a
qualified custodian to recipient(s) of the clients’ choice. Importantly, SOL Capital does not
hold, directly or indirectly, client funds or securities. Nor can SOL Capital redirect clients’
funds to a destination other than what is specified by our clients.
As noted, SOL Capital does not take actual possession of any clients’ money and/or
securities, which are maintained by banking or brokerage institutions, or other similar
institutions deemed by the SEC to be qualified custodians, and which provide at least
quarterly statements directly to clients regarding clients’ assets.
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SOL Capital is subject to an annual surprise examination conducted by a CPA in accordance
with the requirements of Rule 206(4)-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. SOL
Capital’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra G. Horne, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding custody-related issues.
SOL Capital’s clients receive statements directly from their custodians, at least quarterly. SOL
Capital urges clients to carefully review such statements and compare them to the account
reports that SOL Capital provides. SOL Capital’s reports may vary from custodial statements
based on accounting procedures, reporting dates, or valuation methodologies of certain
securities and should be used as a complement to the custodial statement. It is also important
to note, that in some cases, a single report provided by SOL Capital may display assets held
at multiple custodians. The official record of the account is the custodial statement and
clients should rely on those statements for all purposes.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
SOL Capital manages both discretionary and non-discretionary accounts. Managing
accounts on a discretionary basis means that we manage securities accounts on behalf of
clients without asking for the client’s permission for each transaction.
Once we communicate with a client and determine his/her/their/its investment objectives and
risk tolerances, among other factors, and have agreed to an appropriate investment policy
statement, SOL Capital chooses the securities that we believe are suited for the client’s
portfolio and trade in the client’s account on their behalf. Some clients will give us restrictions
on the types of securities they may want us to purchase on their behalf. We are very cognizant
of the wishes of our clients when it comes to trade restrictions and, if reasonable, we
accommodate those requests. These types of requests are generally stated in the investment
policy statement that is signed by the client prior to our taking over management of the
securities portfolio.
In order for SOL Capital to be able to trade in a client account on a discretionary basis, part of
the account opening paperwork with most custodians that we deal with requires the client to
grant a limited power of attorney to SOL Capital. This limited power of attorney can allow SOL
Capital to trade in clients’ accounts on a discretionary basis and to move money between
clients’ accounts that have the same account registration but does NOT allow SOL Capital to
move money to accounts where there is an unlike registration or take other action on behalf of
the client. These powers of attorney can, but do not always, allow SOL Capital to directly
deduct its management fees from clients’ accounts at the custodian. In those cases where we
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are not able to take our management fees directly from the client account, the client pays our
management fees directly to us, by check.
We also manage accounts on a non-discretionary basis. In other words, we monitor and
review an account and make securities recommendations to the client, when we act on a non-
discretionary basis, but it is up to the client to decide whether to accept or reject our
recommendations and if the client accepts our recommendations, we will place the trades
with the custodian and ensure settlement of those trades.
Please Note: Non-Discretionary Service Limitations
Clients that determine to engage SOL Capital on a non-discretionary investment advisory
basis must be willing to accept that SOL Capital cannot place any account transactions
without obtaining prior consent to any such transaction(s) from the client. Thus, in the event
that SOL Capital would like to make a transaction for a client’s account (including in the event
of an individual holding or a general market correction), and the client is unavailable, SOL
Capital will be unable to place the account transaction(s) (as it would be for its discretionary
clients) without first obtaining the client’s consent.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
SOL Capital generally vote proxies on behalf of its advisory clients. SOL Capital utilizes
Broadridge ’s ProxyEdge platform, which is a suite of electronic voting services that help us to
simplify the management of institutional proxies. The system is designed to manage the
process of meeting notifications, voting, tracking, mailing, reporting, record maintenance and
vote disclosure rules by the Securities & Exchange Commission. SOL Capital also utilizes the
Premier voting service from Broadridge, which integrates vote recommendations provided by
Glass Lewis, & Co, LLC. Based on written guidelines by Glass Lewis, ProxyEdge will generally
automatically cast votes on behalf of SOL Capital clients through their electronic system. As
such, on the issues where ProxyEdge votes based on stated guidelines, no conflict of interest
between SOL Capital and our clients should arise.
SOL Capital will generally be required to manually vote on any proxies submitted through
ProxyEdge related to contested votes, or case-by-case votes, noteholder meetings,
bondholder meetings, consent meetings, private companies and bankruptcy meetings.
Regarding conflicts of interest, due to the nature of SOL Capital ’s advisory business, its small
size and because it does not offer investment banking services or manage/advise public
companies, it is unlikely that conflicts of interest will arise in voting the proxies of public
companies. If it is decided that there is a conflict related to any of the above matters, the
proxy will be voted strictly according to SOL Capital guidelines. If this does not resolve the
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conflict of interest, then the conflict will be disclosed to the beneficial owner(s) of the
account, and their consent will be obtained before the proxy is voted.
If a client approaches SOL Capital about a particular vote and has an opinion on how
he/she/they/it would like to vote his/her/their/its shares on that particular proxy, we will honor
the request and vote the way he/she/they/it has suggested. However, as a regular practice,
we do not contact the clients when a proxy requires voting. In the absence of a client
contacting us regarding the vote, an automatic vote will be made based on written guidelines
provided by Glass Lewis, or in the special cases mentioned above where SOL Capital is
required to manually cast the vote, SOL Capital will make a decision on what it believes to be
the best vote and will vote accordingly.
A letter is sent out annually to our clients, that presents the option to receive information on
how we have voted relating to their investments. Clients may obtain a copy of SOL Capital’s
proxy voting policies and procedures by contacting us at +1 (301) 881-3727, or writing us at:
Sandra G. Horne
VP/Chief Compliance Officer
SOL Capital Management Company
111 Rockville Pike, Suite 750 Rockville, MD 20850
e-mail: shorne@sol-capital.com
Item 18: Financial Information
Not applicable.
ANY QUESTIONS: SOL’s Chief Compliance Officer, Sandra Horne, remains available to
address any questions regarding this Part 2A.
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