View Document Text
ITEM 1. COVER PAGE
RWA Family Office
Prudential Tower, 800 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 019
(617) 321-2200
www.RWAWealth.com
FORM ADV PART 2A
DISCLOSURE BROCHURE
MARCH 31, 2025
This disclosure brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of RWA Family
Office, a division of RWA Wealth Partners, LLC. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure,
please contact compliancegroup@rwawealth.com.
RWA Wealth Partners, LLC is a registered investment adviser with the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”). Registration of an investment adviser does not imply any level of skill or training. The oral
and written communications of an investment adviser provide you with information from which you determine
to hire or retain the investment adviser. The information in this disclosure brochure has not been approved or
verified by the SEC or by any state securities authority.
information about RWA Wealth Partners, LLC
is available on the SEC’s website at
Additional
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
ITEM 2. MATERIAL CHANGES
MATERIAL CHANGES
This Brochure replaces the previous Brochure dated March 1, 2024, for Ropes Wealth Advisors, a division
of RWA Wealth Partners, LLC. This section summarizes only the material changes to the Brochure and
does not describe all the changes made in this Brochure.
ITEM 4. ADVISORY BUSINESS
• On January 1, 2025, Ropes Wealth Advisors rebranded as RWA Family Office. Beginning in 2025,
Ropes Wealth Advisors rebranded as RWA Family Office, a division of RWA Wealth Partners, LLC
(“the Firm”). The former Adviser Investment and Polaris businesses now operate under the brand
RWA Private Wealth, a division of RWA Wealth Partners, LLC.
• This Brochure is intended for clients and prospects of RWA Family Office (“RWA”). A separate
disclosure brochure is available for clients and prospects of RWA Private Wealth.
• RWA Family Office now offers clients internally managed tactical and fundamental investment
strategies under the brand RWA Capital. These strategies are available for inclusion as part of a
client’s overall asset allocation. When RWA chooses to utilize a strategy offered by RWA Capital for a
client, it only does so when it is in the best interest of the client. The client is not charged any
investment management fees by RWA Capital.
ITEM 14. CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
• RWA Wealth Partners, LLC participates the Fidelity Wealth Advisor Solutions® program and the
Schwab Advisor Network®. RWA Wealth Partners, LLC pays to participate in these programs and
receive client referrals. These referral programs are primarily used by RWA Private Wealth.
In addition, updates are routinely made throughout this Brochure to improve and clarify the description of
business practices, as well as to respond to evolving industry best practices. If you have not reviewed our
disclosure brochure recently, we recommend that you take time to review this Brochure in full.
2
ITEM 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITEM 1. COVER PAGE ............................................................................................................... 1
ITEM 2. MATERIAL CHANGES................................................................................................... 2
ITEM 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... 3
ITEM 4. ADVISORY BUSINESS ..................................................................................................... 4
ITEM 5. FEES AND COMPENSATION ........................................................................................... 6
ITEM 6. PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT ...................................... 9
ITEM 7. TYPES OF CLIENTS ........................................................................................................ 9
ITEM 8. METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS ........................ 10
ITEM 9. DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION ...................................................................................... 14
ITEM 10. OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS ........................................ 14
ITEM 11. CODE OF ETHICS, INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING ........ 15
ITEM 12. BROKERAGE PRACTICES ............................................................................................ 16
ITEM 13. REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS ............................................................................................. 19
ITEM 14. CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION ........................................................ 20
ITEM 15. CUSTODY
............................................................................................................. 21
ITEM 16. INVESTMENT DISCRETION .......................................................................................... 22
ITEM 17. VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES ......................................................................................... 22
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................... 23
3
ITEM 4. ADVISORY BUSINESS
Ropes Wealth Advisors was formed in 2013 and became registered as an investment adviser with the SEC on
September 15, 2014. Ropes Wealth Advisors commenced providing investment advisory services to client
accounts on January 1, 2015.
On July 17, 2023, Ropes Wealth Advisors became a wholly owned subsidiary of Adviser Investments, LLC,
an investment adviser registered with the SEC.
On November 1, 2023, Ropes Wealth Advisors terminated its registration with the SEC, merged with
Adviser Investments, LLC and Polaris Wealth Advisory Group, LLC under the new name RWA Wealth
Partners, LLC, and operated under the brand Ropes Wealth Advisors, a division of RWA Wealth Partners,
LLC.
Beginning in 2025, Ropes Wealth Advisors rebranded as RWA Family Office, a division of RWA Wealth
Partners, LLC (“the Firm”). The former Adviser Investment and Polaris businesses now operate under the
brand, RWA Private Wealth, a division of RWA Wealth Partners, LLC.
This Brochure is intended for clients and prospects of RWA Family Office (“RWA”). A separate disclosure
brochure is available for clients and prospects of RWA Private Wealth.
RWA Wealth Partners, LLC is principally owned by certain investment vehicles advised by Summit Partners,
L.P., an investment adviser registered with the SEC.
include detailed financial planning,
institutional-quality
RWA has a legacy of helping families protect and grow their wealth for generations. RWA offers
sophisticated solutions that
investment
management, thoughtful legacy planning, and integrated tax planning. RWA coordinates its advice with
legal, tax and philanthropic advisors to help clients create, implement and maintain comprehensive and
customized wealth plans.
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
Investment Philosophy
RWA’s investment approach is based on the belief that asset allocation is the single largest driver of long-
term investment returns. RWA provides investment advice to help clients increase their chances of meeting
their investment goals by allocating among asset classes in an attempt to improve the overall return of a
client’s portfolio and to mitigate risk. RWA’s goal is to smooth out return streams over time and create a
long-term investment strategy that is revised only with a change in client circumstances. Shorter-term
tactical asset allocation decisions in response to market movements or outlook are made by RWA to refine
a portfolio’s long-term strategy.
Investment Platform
RWA employs an open architecture investment platform, which provides investment exposure to a full
range of asset classes via mutual funds, exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and separate accounts managed
by third parties registered investment advisers. RWA also recommends investments in privately offered
pooled investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, private equity funds or other similar vehicles (collectively
and together with mutual funds and ETFs, “Investment Funds”) for clients who are qualified to invest in
those funds and for whom these investments are otherwise deemed to be appropriate. RWA utilizes both
active and index-oriented investment vehicles, depending on its judgment of the efficiency of an asset
class. RWA trades individual stocks or fixed income securities for client portfolios in fulfillment of their
investment objectives.
4
Investment Management Services
RWA provides discretionary and nondiscretionary investment advisory services and works with each client
to develop and execute an appropriate investment strategy for each portfolio. This includes establishing
an investment objective and an appropriate asset allocation that is aligned with the client’s investment
goals and constraints. Clients are permitted to impose reasonable investment restrictions on investing in
certain securities or types of securities. For instance, certain clients request to exclude certain asset
classes, or individual securities, while other clients choose to customize their portfolio for impact investing.
RWA also provides security research, monitoring, and diversification strategies to clients with concentrated
equity holdings.
Customed Fixed Income and Cash Management
RWA offers high quality fixed income and cash management portfolios customized to each client’s tax
status, state of residence, and cash flow needs. RWA seeks to design each portfolio to deliver preservation
of capital, reliable income stream and competitive total return. RWA focuses on disciplined, expert yield
curve management and individual security selection, while targeting short-and intermediate-term maturity
bonds, with a premium placed on high liquidity and low volatility. RWA employs extensive internal credit
analysis to identify attractive sectors and individual bonds and has a network of over 100 fixed income
dealers to execute trades. This approach seeks to provide the opportunity to capitalize on market
inefficiencies to maximize total return potential, and to avoid taking on elevated credit or interest rate risk.
RWA Capital
The Firm offers internally managed tactical and fundamental investment strategies under the brand RWA
Capital, a division of RWA Wealth Partners, LLC. RWA Capital uses both fundamental analysis and
proprietary, quantitative investment processes. For certain investment strategies, tactical asset allocation
computer modeling processes are utilized to guide investment strategies and attempt to manage portfolio
risk.
These strategies are available to be recommended by RWA to clients as part of their overall asset
allocation. When RWA chooses to utilize a strategy offered by RWA Capital for a client, it only does so
when it is in the best interest of the client. The client is not charged any investment management fees by
RWA Capital.
Institutional clients can also engage the Firm and access these investment strategies as sub-advised
portfolios or model portfolio recommendations. Model portfolio recommendations are typically provided
under the terms of a data provider agreement or signal provider agreement. As a model portfolio provider,
RWA Capital designs, monitors, and updates the model portfolios recommendations; however, the
institutional client implements the model portfolio recommendations. Unlike sub-advised portfolio
accounts, the Firm does not have investment discretion or trading authority to implement model portfolio
recommendations; therefore, is not responsible for the client’s implementation of any model portfolio
recommendations.
FINANCIAL PLANNING
At RWA, Financial Planners work in close collaboration with each client’s Portfolio Manager and Client
Officer to help clients understand their overall financial situation and help the client set and map out a
course to determine and meet financial objectives. A typical financial plan includes any or all of the
following: cash flow analysis and budgeting; debt management; retirement planning; disability, long-term
care, life and other insurance needs. For many clients, financial plans are focused on lifetime family giving,
including gifts to meet educational expenses and charitable gift planning.
5
INTEGRATED TAX PLANNING
Tax optimization is fully integrated in financial planning advice, investment management solutions, and the
implementation and execution of estate planning techniques.
Tax preparation and filing services are offered by RWA Tax Solutions, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of
the Firm. Tax preparation and filing services are available for individuals, trusts, and other legal entities
under a separate agreement and at an additional cost. RWA also coordinates tax planning strategies with
external accountants.
PROFESSIONAL TRUSTEE AND TRUST ADMINISTRATION
RWA works closely with clients and legal professionals to coordinate and execute sophisticated estate
planning strategies, including the creation, implementation and administration of complex irrevocable
trusts. RWA’s skilled and experienced advisors often serve as professional trustees and executors to
families, providing continuity and stability over generations. As independent trustees and executors, RWA’s
personalized service helps remove the burden from family and friends, and offers an alternative to
corporate trustee services.
RWA’s experienced trust professionals work directly with RWA’s professional trustees and external trustees
to properly manage and administer trust assets, including distributions, trust filings, and tax payments.
COORDINATION OF CUSTODY SERVICES
All client funds and securities are held with independent qualified custodians. Clients can choose the
independent qualified custodian where their assets are held; however, in many instances, RWA
recommends a qualified custodian to provide custody services that include arranging for the safekeeping
of assets. RWA typically recommends Fidelity Institutional® 1 (“Fidelity Institutional”) or Charles Schwab
(“Schwab”) as the qualified custodian for client accounts and facilitates the arrangement for the
safekeeping of client assets with Fidelity Institutional and Schwab. RWA also acts as liaison with SEI Private
Trust Company (“SEI”), which maintains possession of cash and securities for certain RWA clients. From
time to time, RWA facilitates custodial arrangements with Fidelity Institutional and SEI for client accounts
that do not receive investment advisory services from RWA.
CONSULTING SERVICES
RWA has consulting or other arrangements with certain clients. These arrangements, to the extent
applicable, are made on a case-by-case basis.
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
As of December 31, 2024, the total amount of client assets under management by RWA was
$7,681,248,463. The amount of client assets managed on a discretionary basis was $7,322,653,498 and
the amount of client assets managed on a nondiscretionary basis was $358,594,965.
As of December 31, 2024, the total amount of client assets under management by the Firm was
$17,255,241,142. The total amount of client assets managed on a discretionary basis by the Firm was
$16,893,557,571 and the total amount of client assets managed on a nondiscretionary basis by the Firm
was $361,683,571.
1 Fidelity Institutional® provides a comprehensive clearing and custody platform, brokerage services, trading capabilities, and practice
management and consulting to registered investment advisers (RIAs), including strategic acquirers and professional asset managers, as well
as retirement recordkeepers, broker-dealer firms, banks, and insurance companies through National Financial Services LLC (NFS) or Fidelity
Brokerage Services LLC, Members NYSE, SIPC. In addition to providing services to third-party institutions, the NFS brokerage platform supports
all the clearing and custody businesses at Fidelity, including Fidelity’s retail and capital markets businesses.
6
ITEM 5. FEES AND COMPENSATION
FEES FOR INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
RWA’s standard fee is the following:
Account Size Annual Fee
1.25%
First $1,000,000
0.95%
Next $4,000,000
0.60%
Next $5,000,000
0.40%
Balance over $10,000,000
RWA’s standard custom fixed income and cash management fee is the following:
Annual Fee Based on Market Value of Managed Assets
0.20%
Investment management fees charged by RWA are negotiable and can be different than those set forth in
the standard fee schedule noted above. In certain circumstances, RWA charges a flat or fixed fee, discounts
fees or waives fees. Further, employees of RWA (“Affiliated Persons”) typically receive services from RWA at
a discount from the standard fee schedule or at no charge. Investment management fees for existing clients
may vary depending upon the agreed fee at the commencement of the relationship. Each client’s agreed
upon fees are set forth in the Investment Management Agreement.
RWA deducts the fee automatically from most client accounts each calendar month in arrears based on the
average daily market value of assets. RWA typically aggregates accounts within the same client relationship
and with the same fee schedules for fee calculation purposes; therefore, the actual fee rate assessed on each
account each month may be less than 1/12 of the agreed upon annual fee rate. For certain client accounts,
RWA deducts fees quarterly in arrears. In certain circumstances (i.e., retirement accounts), RWA sends the
client an invoice for its investment management fee. The fee commences on the date the client’s investment
management agreement is effective or on the date the client account is funded thereafter. The initial fee is
prorated if the fee does not commence on the first business day of the month.
If RWA’s services terminate other than on the last day of a calendar month, the fee will be pro-rated to cover
the period from the beginning of the calendar month through the date of termination. If the client is charged
fees quarterly and RWA’s services terminate other than on the last day of the calendar quarter, the fee will
be pro-rated to cover the period from the beginning of the calendar quarter through the date of termination.
RWA is entitled to retain as part of its fee any de minimis cash balance of $5 or less remaining in or added to
each account after each account has closed and its assets have been distributed.
Financial planning, professional trustee services, tax planning services, and coordination of custody services
described above are all included in the investment management fee.
7
RWA Capital
The fees for internally managed investment strategies are included in the investment management fee.
Fees typically range between 0.25% and 1.00% annually for institutional clients who engage the Firm as a
sub-advisor or utilize models recommended by the Firm.
Valuation of Assets
The valuations of marketable securities are made by the qualified custodian holding the assets and the
qualified custodian follows its standard valuation procedures. Valuations of private funds and partnerships
are based upon the valuations made by the manager or general partners of the private funds or partnerships,
or by third party independent accountants or auditors of the private funds or partnerships. RWA takes the
valuation of assets and the calculation of its asset-based fees seriously; however, RWA clients should verify
whether the correct fees are being applied to a client’s account. A client’s statement from the qualified
custodian reflects all amounts disbursed from the client’s account, including the amount of any investment
management fee paid to RWA or any investment management fee paid to any separate account manager.
ADDITIONAL FEES AND EXPENSES
Certain fees or charges are imposed by third parties in connection with investments made on behalf of a
client’s account, as described below. These fees will differ depending on the client’s custodian as well as the
types of investments and other transactions in the client’s account. RWA’s fees are exclusive of, and in
addition to, any such applicable commissions, fees or costs, and RWA does not receive any portion of these
fees.
Investment Fund Fees and Expenses
Investment Funds generally include an embedded expense ratio composed of a management fee and/or
carried interest, and other administrative and operating expenses. Therefore, client investments in
Investment Funds are subject to these fees. Additionally, some Investment Funds impose fees directly at the
time of a transaction, including sales charges, redemption, exchange, and account fees (“Shareholder Fees”).
Payment of Shareholder Fees varies depending upon a client’s custodial arrangement, as described below in
Brokerage and Custodial Fees. An explanation of the fees and expenses paid by each Investment Fund is
contained in that fund’s offering document. It is important to note that in recommending these investments,
RWA examines the performance and attributes of the Investment Funds on a net-of-fee basis.
Brokerage and Custodial Fees
Brokerage and custodial fees vary depending on the client’s custodian. These fees typically include brokerage
commissions, Shareholder Fees for Investment Funds, and custodial fees (e.g., wire transfer and electronic
fund processing fees). Certain qualified custodians have specific terms or fees when trading with an affiliated
broker-dealer and different brokerage fees charged by a non-affiliated broker-dealer. Certain qualified
custodians also impose additional fees (“trade-away fees”) for trading with alternative broker-dealers. Other
qualified custodians have specific Shareholder Fees for certain types or series of Investment Funds. These
fees are charged by and paid to the qualified custodian, broker-dealer or Investment Fund company, as
applicable. RWA does not charge any brokerage fee or custodial fee and does not receive any portion of
these fees paid to custodians, broker-dealers or Investment Funds.
RWA has preferred custodial relationships with Fidelity Intuitional and SEI, whereby RWA pays Fidelity
Institutional and SEI asset-based fees. Included in the fees that RWA pays Fidelity Institutional and SEI are
certain benefits including, among others, access to an elite client service team and to various technological
tools that assist RWA in managing and servicing client accounts. The asset-based fees that RWA pays directly
to Fidelity Institutional and SEI also include various brokerage and custodial costs that would otherwise be
paid by clients. The brokerage and custodial costs paid by RWA are included in the RWA investment
management fee. It is important to note that for all other custodial relationships, the client is solely
responsible for paying for all brokerage and custodial costs for their accounts. RWA does not reimburse or
8
pay the custodial costs or fees for clients that engage a custodian other than Fidelity Institutional or SEI.
For each client account, the trading desk takes into consideration any applicable terms, fees, and commission
schedule imposed by the qualified custodian and executes trades through the most cost-effective broker-
dealer consistent with execution quality. Please see Item 12 below for a more detailed discussion of
brokerage practices.
Donor Advised Fund Fees
If client assets are allocated to a donor advised fund, the client will be responsible for paying all fees charged
by the fund on those assets in addition to the RWA investment management fee. The fund will arrange for
the payment of its own fees, typically from the liquidity portion of a client’s allocation.
External Separate Account Manager Fees
For certain qualified clients, RWA engages external third-party investment managers to manage a portion or
all of the client’s assets, instead of buying shares of an Investment Fund. This can be a cost-effective
approach for clients who can meet the minimum investment requirements of the external investment
managers. If RWA engages an external third-party manager to manage a client’s assets, the client is
responsible for paying all fees charged by the third-party manager on those assets, in addition to RWA’s
investment management fee.
Estate Settlement Fees
RWA can be separately engaged to provide estate settlement services at an additional fee. The estate
settlement team at RWA is skilled in the personal as well as the technical aspects of estate administration.
Estate settlement services span arranging for probate; collecting, inventorying, valuing, and protecting
your assets; arranging for the sale of real and personal property; managing your assets during the estate
administration period; accurate record keeping; preparing and filing income and estate tax returns; paying
estate taxes, expenses, and debts; and distributing estate assets to beneficiaries.
Tax Preparation and Filing Fees
RWA does not prepare and file taxes. RWA Tax Solutions can be separately engaged to provide fiduciary
and individual tax returns for an additional fee.
ITEM 6. PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE
MANAGEMENT
“Performance-Based Fees” are fees that include a percentage of the capital gains or capital appreciation of
client investments. RWA does not charge performance-based fees.
“Side-by-Side Management” refers to the management of multiple accounts with similar investment
strategies and different fee structures. An adviser with side-by-side management has an incentive to allocate
better performing assets to the performance-based fee accounts rather than fixed or asset-based fee
accounts because the adviser stands to earn a larger fee.
Because RWA does not charge performance-based fees, side-by-side management conflicts do not apply to
RWA. RWA takes into consideration performance-based fees and side-by-side management when evaluating
managers.
ITEM 7. TYPES OF CLIENTS
RWA offers investment management services to individuals, families and their related entities, including trusts
and estates, charitable organizations, and business entities. RWA also provides investment management
9
services to retirement and profit-sharing plans. RWA does not apply specific criteria for the acceptance of a
client; rather, RWA evaluates each prospective client on a case-by-case basis.
Certain internal investment strategies, managed under the brand RWA Capital, are also offered to unaffiliated
investment advisers, broker-dealers, TAMPs and institutions.
ITEM 8. METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND
RISK OF LOSS
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT PROCESS
RWA’s investment advisory services take a client-centered approach that begins with the identification of
each client’s individual goals and objectives, risk tolerance, tax situation, holding structures and other
individual factors in order to establish an appropriate investment objective and long-term asset allocation
investment strategy.
RWA has seven traditional asset allocation model strategies that serve as a guidepost for the construction of
a client portfolio. For each client, the implementation of the recommended investment strategy can be
customized for that client’s individual circumstances. The seven traditional asset allocation model strategies
are:
Fixed Income Only – seeks capital preservation. This approach is typically appropriate for investors focused
on principal stability and the generation of current income and where the investor does not have the ability
to assume equity market risk.
Conservative – seeks a modest level of long-term capital appreciation with a focus on income production.
This approach is typically appropriate for investors seeking generation of current income and where the
investor wishes to assume a below-average level of risk.
Moderately Conservative – seeks a modest level of long-term capital appreciation. This approach is typically
appropriate for investors where income requirements are moderate and where the investor wishes to assume
a below-average level of risk.
Balanced – seeks long-term capital appreciation. This approach is typically appropriate for investors where
income requirements are moderate and where the investor wishes to assume an average level of risk.
Growth – seeks long-term capital appreciation. This approach is typically appropriate for investors where
income requirements are low and where the investor has the ability to assume an above-average level of
risk.
Aggressive Growth – seeks long-term capital appreciation. This approach is typically appropriate for
investors where income requirements are minimal and where the investor has the ability to assume a
substantial level of risk.
Equity Only – seeks long-term capital appreciation. This approach is typically appropriate for investors with
longer time horizons, no income requirements, and a higher tolerance of market swings in any given year.
RWA also provides security diversification strategies to clients with concentrated equity holdings.
RWA’s open architecture investment platform provides investment exposure to a full range of asset classes
to fulfill each client’s investment strategy through mutual funds, ETFs, and separate accounts managed
internally or by unaffiliated third parties. RWA also recommends investments in privately offered pooled
investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, private equity funds or other similar vehicles for clients who are
qualified to invest in those funds and for whom these investments are otherwise deemed to be appropriate.
RWA utilizes both active and index-oriented investment vehicles, depending on its judgment of the efficiency
of an asset class. From time to time, RWA also trades individual stocks and fixed income securities for client
10
portfolios in fulfillment of their investment strategies.
RWA uses a quantitative screening process to identify investment managers and appropriate investment
vehicles from a vast array of choices for asset allocation strategies. These quantitative factors include
screening prospective managers based on information ratio trends, consistency of strategy, holdings and
returns-based stylistic analysis, and net after-tax returns. RWA then evaluates the managers that pass the
quantitative screen on a qualitative basis. Qualitative measures include management tenure, firm ownership,
and a personal interview with the manager to confirm the investment process and commitment to the
investment strategy. Managers are evaluated on an ongoing basis and replaced as necessary.
RWA also offers asset allocation model strategies using external investment managers that consider
environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) factors in their investment process. In addition to considering
the client’s specific risk and return requirements, tax situation, and other assets, these investment strategies
can be further tailored to seek a client’s individual ESG goals. RWA generally applies the same quantitative
and qualitative standards used in evaluating the traditional investment strategies but also evaluates each
manager’s ESG factors as part of the manager due diligence and selection process.
RWA relies on each client to promptly notify their client team in writing of any material changes to the
client’s financial condition including, but not limited to, investment objective, risk tolerance, net worth,
annual income, and investment time horizon.
KEY RISKS OF RWA’S INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Below is a summary of potentially material risks for the most common RWA investment strategies used, the
methods of analysis used and/or the particular types of investments typically held in client accounts. The
risks noted below are applicable to Investment Funds purchased for client accounts, separate accounts
managed by third parties and any investment holdings overseen directly by RWA portfolio management
personnel. The following risk factors do not purport to be a complete list or explanation of the risks involved
in an investment.
All investing involves a risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear, including the risk that the entire
amount invested can be lost. The investment strategies offered by RWA could lose money over short or long
periods of time. There are no assurances that RWA’s investment strategies will succeed, and RWA cannot
give any guarantee that it will achieve the investment objectives it establishes for a client or that any client
will receive a return of its original investment.
Market and Economic Risk. An account’s investment value can decline due to changes in general economic
and market conditions. A security’s value held in an account can change in response to developments
affecting entire economies, markets or industries, including changes in interest rates, political and legal
developments, general market volatility, natural disasters or public health issues such as epidemics or
pandemics, and geopolitical events such as war and terrorism.
Inadvertent Concentration. There can be no assurance that the selection of the multiple managers and/or
Investment Funds will result in an effective diversification of investment approaches. In addition, different
Investment Funds and separate account managers can each acquire significant positions in the same
investment, resulting in an inadvertent concentration by RWA in such investment, which can subject the
investments of clients to more extreme changes in value than would be the case if the client assets were
more widely diversified.
Investment and Trading Risks. All securities investments risk the loss of capital and no guarantee or
representation is made that RWA’s program will be successful. Certain Investment Funds and separate
account managers recommended by RWA utilize such investment techniques as trading in put and call
options and other derivatives, limited diversification, the use of leverage and short sales. These practices
can, in certain circumstances, increase the risk of loss of capital.
Equity Investments. Clients can participate in equity securities investments. Stock market prices of
securities can be adversely affected by many factors, such as an issuer’s having experienced losses, the lack
11
of earnings or the issuer’s failure to meet the market’s expectations with respect to new products or services.
Stock prices can also be affected by factors wholly unrelated to the value or condition of the issuer. If the
stock market declines in value, client portfolios are likely to decline in value. Furthermore, a focus on certain
types of stocks (such as small or large capitalization) and styles of investing (such as value or growth) subjects
client portfolios to the risk that their performance can be lower than the performance of portfolios that focus
on other types of stocks or that have a broader investment style (such as the general market).
Short Sales. Some of the Investment Funds and separate accounts RWA recommends participate in short
sales. A short sale involves the sale of a security that is not held in an account in the expectation of purchasing
the same security (or a security exchangeable therefor) at a later date at a lower price. To make delivery to
the buyer, the seller must borrow the security and the seller is obligated to return the security to the lender,
which is accomplished by a later purchase of the security by the seller. A short sale involves the risk of a
theoretically unlimited increase in the market price of the security sold short, which could result in an inability
to cover the short position and a theoretically unlimited loss to the seller. In addition, there is the risk that
the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale must be returned to the securities lender on short
notice. If a request for return of borrowed securities occurs at a time when other short sellers of the security
are receiving similar requests, a “short squeeze” can occur. The seller may be compelled to replace borrowed
securities previously sold short with purchases on the open market at a disadvantageous time, possibly at
prices significantly in excess of the proceeds received in originally selling the securities short.
Foreign Investments. Some of the Investment Funds and separate accounts RWA recommends invest in
non-U.S. securities and other instruments denominated in non-U.S. currencies and/or securities traded
outside of the United States. These investments present certain risks not typically associated with investing
in United States securities or property. These risks include unfavorable currency exchange rate
developments, restrictions on repatriation of investment income and capital, imposition of exchange control
regulation by the United States or foreign governments, confiscatory taxation, diplomatic developments,
such as the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, organizations, entities
and/or individuals, and economic or political instability in foreign nations. In addition, there is typically less
publicly available information about certain non-U.S. companies than would be the case for comparable
companies in the United States, and certain non-U.S. companies are not subject to accounting, auditing and
financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to or as uniform as those of U.S. companies.
These risks are accentuated in emerging markets, where financial markets are generally less developed and
transparent and where political and economic instabilities are often more pronounced.
Debt Securities. Clients can participate in the purchase and/or sale of unrated or below investment-grade
debt securities, which are subject to greater risk of loss of principal and interest than higher-rated debt
securities. These investments can include debt securities that rank junior to other outstanding securities and
obligations of the issuer, which can have a superior claim for repayment from that issuer’s assets. Further,
some debt securities are not protected by financial covenants or limitations on additional indebtedness. In
addition, evaluating credit risk for foreign debt securities involves greater uncertainty because credit rating
agencies throughout the world have different standards, making comparison across countries difficult. Fixed-
income securities are also subject to the risk that the securities could lose value because of interest rate
changes. For example, bonds tend to decrease in value if interest rates rise. Fixed income securities with
longer maturities sometimes offer higher yields but are subject to greater price shifts as a result of interest
rate changes than fixed-income securities with shorter maturities.
Environmental, Social and Governance Matters. RWA offers asset allocation model strategies using
external investment managers who invest across a broad variety of ESG methodologies. While ESG is only
one of the many factors such a manager will consider in making an investment, there is no guarantee that
the manager will invest in companies that create positive ESG impact while enhancing long-term shareholder
value and achieving financial returns. Considering ESG qualities when evaluating an investment may result
in the selection or exclusion of certain investments based on the manager’s view of certain ESG-related and
other factors and carries the risk that the manager may underperform funds that do not take ESG-related
factors into account. Consideration of ESG factors may affect the manager’s exposure to certain companies,
sectors, regions, countries or types of investments, which could negatively impact the manager’s
12
performance depending on whether such investments are in or out of favor. Applying impact investing goals
to investment decisions is qualitative and subjective by nature, and there is no guarantee that the criteria
utilized by the manager or any judgment exercised by the manager will reflect the beliefs or values of any
particular investor. ESG-related practices differ by region, industry and issue and are evolving; therefore,
ESG-related practices or the manager’s assessment of such practices may change over time.
Leverage. Some of the Investment Funds and separate accounts RWA recommends employ leverage in their
management of assets. Leverage tends to magnify both the positive impact of successful investment
decisions and the negative impact of unsuccessful investment decisions on an investment strategy’s
performance.
Derivatives. Clients can participate in investments in derivatives. These are financial instruments that derive
their performance from the performance of an underlying index or asset. Derivatives can be volatile and
involve various types and degrees of risks, depending upon the characteristics of a particular
derivative. Derivatives typically entail investment exposures that are greater than their initial cost would
suggest, meaning that a small investment in a derivative could have a large potential impact on the
performance of a portfolio. Portfolios could experience losses if derivatives do not perform as anticipated or
are not correlated with the performance of other investments being hedged by the derivatives, or if they
cannot be liquidated because of an illiquid secondary market. Derivatives also typically make a portfolio less
liquid and difficult to value, especially in declining markets. The benefit of a derivatives transaction can be
lost if the counterparty fails to honor contract terms.
Counterparty Risk. To the extent that clients participate in investments in swaps, “synthetic” or derivative
instruments, repurchase agreements, certain types of options or other customized financial instruments, or,
in certain circumstances, non-U.S. securities, client accounts are indirectly subjected to the risk of non-
performance by the other party to the contract. This risk includes credit risk of the counterparty and the risk
of settlement default. This risk differs materially from the risks involved in exchange-traded transactions,
which generally are supported by guarantees of clearing organizations, daily mark-to-market and settlement
and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered
directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and expose the parties
to the risk of counterparty default.
Commodity Trading. Some of the Investment Funds and separate accounts RWA recommends participate
in commodities trading. The prices of commodities and all derivative instruments, including futures and
options contract prices, are highly volatile. Price movements of commodities, futures and options contracts
are influenced by, among other things, changing supply and demand relationships, domestic and foreign
governmental programs and policies, national and international political and economic events, interest rates
and governmental monetary and exchange control programs and policies. Moreover, certain commodity
exchanges limit fluctuations in commodity futures contract prices during a single day by regulations referred
to as “daily price fluctuation limits” or “daily limits.” During a single trading day, no trades can be executed on
these exchanges at prices beyond the daily limit. Commodity futures contract prices have occasionally
moved the daily limit for several consecutive days with little trading. Similar occurrences could prevent an
account from promptly liquidating unfavorable positions and subject the client account to substantial
losses.
Cybersecurity Risk. RWA, service providers to the Investment Funds and separate accounts RWA
recommends, and other market participants increasingly depend on complex information technology and
communications systems to conduct business functions. These systems are subject to a number of different
threats or risks that could adversely affect clients and their portfolios, despite the efforts of RWA and the
service providers to adopt technologies, processes and practices intended to mitigate these risks and protect
the security of their computer systems, software, networks and other technology assets, as well as the
security, confidentiality, integrity and availability of information belonging to clients and their portfolios.
Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for the companies in which the portfolios
invest, which could have material adverse consequences for such companies, and may cause the portfolios’
investments to lose value.
13
Private Fund Investments. As previously noted, client investments can include hedge funds, private equity
funds, and other private pooled investment vehicles. In addition to the other risks noted in this section, all
of which apply to any private fund investment, these vehicles also carry additional potential risks, including
the following:
Liquidity Risk. RWA cannot guarantee its ability to redeem client assets from a private fund in a timely
manner. Private fund vehicles often retain the ability to delay part or all of a client’s redemption under a
variety of circumstances.
Transparency Risk. RWA is limited in its ability to monitor the investment activities of private funds. Private
fund managers often limit the information that they disseminate regarding individual fund investments and
are not subject to the same reporting standards applicable to funds that are registered with the applicable
regulatory authorities.
Valuation Risk. RWA relies upon the managers and/or administrators to private funds to provide accurate
valuation information pertaining to clients’ capital balances. As noted above, RWA generally has limited
information regarding the holdings of the private funds in which client accounts are invested and is
normally unable to independently verify or scrutinize valuations provided by the administrators or
managers to these private funds.
Lack of Regulatory Oversight. Private funds typically operate under one or more exemptions from
registration with the applicable regulatory authorities. Additionally, some investment managers to private
funds are exempt from registration with the applicable regulatory authorities. Accordingly, private funds
and their managers are often subject to little, if any, direct scrutiny from any regulatory authority.
Return of Balances Previously Redeemed. Under extraordinary circumstances, following a redemption from
a private fund, the client could be required to return all or a portion of the redemption proceeds it received
from the private fund to such private fund. For instance, if the private fund later determines that its net
asset value was previously misstated, a client could be required to return the applicable portion of the
redemption proceeds to the extent required by applicable law or the private fund’s organizational or
offering documents. Other circumstances, such as indemnification obligations, could also require a client
to return the proceeds to a private fund.
Other risks may be applicable. Please speak with your Portfolio Manager to learn more about the
particular risk characteristics of your specific investment account(s).
ITEM 9. DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION
RWA does not have any disciplinary information to disclose.
ITEM 10. OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND
AFFILIATIONS
There are various divisions of the Firm including RWA Family Office, RWA Private Wealth and RWA Capital.
RWA Private Wealth also provides coordinated financial planning, institutional quality investment
management and integrated tax planning to clients. RWA Family Office and RWA Private Wealth refer
clients to each other based on the complexity of the client’s needs. A separate disclosure brochure is
available for clients and prospects of RWA Private Wealth.
RWA Capital provides sub-advisory and model portfolio services. When RWA chooses to utilize a strategy
offered by RWA Capital for a client, it only does so when it is in the best interest of the client. The client is
not charged any investment management fees from RWA Capital.
RWA provides investment advisory services to individuals, families, and their related entities, including
14
trusts and estates, as well as charitable organizations and business entities. Employees of RWA often serve
as trustee, executor, or LLC Manager to many of these trusts, estates, charitable organizations, and
business entities. RWA typically works with the law firm Hall & Diana LLC for trust and estate planning
legal services for a truly integrated wealth management offering.
Martin Hall and Brenda Diana, employees of RWA, are also partners of the law firm Hall & Diana LLC. RWA
typically recommends Hall & Diana LLC to clients seeking legal counsel and Hall & Diana LLC typically
recommends RWA to legal clients seeking investment advisory services. Whenever RWA or Hall & Diana
LLC recommends the other, clients are encouraged to evaluate other investment advisers or law firms, as
the case may be, and make an independent judgment. It is important to note that Hall & Diana LLC is not
affiliated with RWA or the Firm, and there are no fee sharing arrangements or other remuneration for client
recommendations between Hall & Diana LLC and RWA.
RWA Tax Solutions, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Firm, offers fiduciary and personal tax return
preparation and filing services to clients. These services are separate from any investment advisory services
and are offered at an additional cost to clients. RWA typically recommends the services of RWA Tax
Solutions to its clients. RWA is incentivized to recommend RWA Tax Solutions to clients, because fees
generated by such services accrue to the Firm. Whenever RWA recommends RWA Tax Solutions, clients
are encouraged to evaluate other tax service providers.
ITEM 11. CODE OF ETHICS, INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS
AND PERSONAL TRADING
SUMMARY OF CODE OF ETHICS
RWA’s employees are subject to the Firm’s Code of Ethics (the “Code”) which describes the Firm’s fiduciary
duty to RWA clients and sets standards for business conduct. The following is a summary of the key
provisions of the Code:
• Scope – The Code covers all directors, officers, partners, employees, and any other persons who
are under RWA’s supervision and control.
•
Fiduciary Duties – The Code is based on the principle that RWA and its employees owe a fiduciary
duty to RWA clients. Accordingly, RWA and its employees must avoid activities, interests and
relationships that might interfere or appear to interfere with making decisions in the best interests
of RWA’s clients.
• Personal Securities Trading – All employees are subject to certain trading restrictions. In addition,
all employees must report their personal securities transactions quarterly and personal securities
holdings annually.
• Code of Conduct – The Code contains specific topics designed to reflect RWA’s commitment to
ethical conduct. These topics include compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, gifts,
outside activities, entertainment, and board directorships. We also maintain separate Insider
Trading Policies and Procedures.
• Code Violations – The Code provides for appropriate sanctions for violations.
You can obtain a copy of RWA’s Code by contacting compliancegroup@rwawealth.com.
Recommending Securities in Which We Hold a Financial Interest
RWA does not recommend or buy or sell securities in which RWA or a related party holds a material financial
interest.
Employees Investing in the Same Securities as Clients
The Firm permits employees to invest in the same securities as those held by clients. Potential conflicts can
arise when employees invest in the same securities that the Firm recommends to clients. For instance, if a
15
security is not widely available and employees invest in a limited security offering that is also recommended
for clients, clients may not be able to invest in the security.
To mitigate potential conflicts of interest arising from employees investing in the same securities as clients,
the Firm requires all employees to preclear transactions for all limited or private offerings and initial public
offerings and to preclear all reportable securities transactions with a market value over $20,000. Furthermore,
with the exception of certain securities (e.g., open-end mutual funds), the Firm’s policy requires that the
Compliance Department review employee personal trading to ensure that such employees do not profit at
the expense of clients.
Employees Trading in the Same Securities as Clients at the Same Time
Employees are permitted to buy or sell securities at or around the same time as when those securities are
recommended to clients. This practice creates a situation where employees are in a position to potentially
benefit in a material manner from the sale or purchase of those securities. For instance, if employees have
knowledge of pending client trades that could impact the market price of a security, they could time their
transactions with the intention of receiving a better price than that of the clients.
To mitigate this potential conflict of interest, the Firm has a policy requiring employees to preclear reportable
security transactions with a market value over $20,000 to prevent employees receiving a material benefit or
profit at the expense of a client. Furthermore, the Firm conducts additional training with investment
professionals.
As noted in Item 5 above, RWA provides investment management services to the accounts of Affiliated
Persons. Affiliated Persons are required to have fully discretionary accounts, which are treated similarly to
and traded alongside client accounts. Refer to item 12 for additional information on RWA’s trade aggregation
practices.
ITEM 12. BROKERAGE PRACTICES
CUSTODIAL/BROKERAGE RECOMMENDATIONS
Neither RWA nor the Firm are broker-dealers or custodians, and neither is affiliated with any broker-dealers
or custodians. In selecting broker-dealers, RWA tries to obtain for clients (1) the prompt execution of client
transactions while market conditions still favor the transaction and (2) the most favorable net prices
reasonably obtainable. This is called “best execution.” RWA does not consider client referrals in its selection
of broker-dealers. When selecting third-party separate account managers to recommend to clients, RWA
evaluates the brokerage practices of each separate account manager.
Clients must maintain their assets in an account at a “qualified custodian,” generally a broker-dealer or
bank. Clients can choose the qualified custodian where their assets are held; however, RWA typically
recommends Fidelity Institutional, SEI or Schwab as the qualified custodian for client accounts
(“Recommended Custodians”) and facilitates the arrangement for the safekeeping of client assets with
these custodians. It is important to note that when recommending a qualified custodian, RWA takes into
consideration the individual needs of each client.
The choice of qualified custodian can also determine the brokerage services available to the client and the
cost of such services, as discussed below. Brokerage fees typically vary depending on the qualified
custodian where the client account is custodied. Certain qualified custodians have specific terms, fees or
commission schedules associated with trading with the qualified custodian’s affiliated broker-dealer. These
terms, fees or commissions applicable to client accounts are typically based on the scope and nature of
the business that RWA transacts with the qualified custodian. Qualified custodians may also charge clients
a fee in addition to commissions paid to the executing broker (“Prime Broker Fee”), if RWA uses a broker-
dealer other than the qualified custodian’s affiliated broker-dealer. For each client account, the trading
16
desk takes into consideration any applicable terms, fees, and commission schedules imposed by the
qualified custodian for each client account and executes trades through the most cost-effective broker-
dealer without sacrificing execution quality. As a result, the price at which trades are executed will likely
vary by qualified custodian.
Equity Transactions
When qualified custodians impose Prime Brokerage Fees for equity transactions, it is usually more cost
effective for RWA to trade equities with the qualified custodian’s affiliated broker-dealer; however, RWA
takes into account a variety of factors including, but not limited to, the ability of the equity broker-dealer
to execute difficult trades (e.g., possible market impact, size if the order, market liquidity), commitment of
capital, speed of execution, clearance and settlement efficiency, financial stability and responsibility,
reputation, access to markets, confidentiality, ability to provide cost transaction analysis, and
responsiveness to RWA, without sacrificing quality of execution.
Fixed Income Transactions
Fixed income securities (i.e., bonds) are generally traded in an over-the-counter (“OTC”) market between
broker-dealers without a central exchange. In this market, bond dealers place bids and make offers to buy
and sell bonds on a net basis with no stated commission plus accrued interest. Any commission or net
mark-up is implied by the difference or “spread” between the price the dealer purchases the bond for and
the price the dealer sells the bond at. A new issue bond is sold to purchasers at a net price with a fixed
sales credit paid to the underwriter by the issuers of the bond.
The Firm has a large network of fixed income broker-dealers in this OTC market providing timely access to
municipal and corporate bonds at market price. When qualified custodians impose Prime Brokerage Fees
it is usually more cost effective for RWA to execute bond transactions through its extensive fixed income
dealer network.
RWA RECOMMENDED CUSTODIANS
Fidelity Institutional
Fidelity Institutional provides a comprehensive clearing and custody platform, brokerage services, and
trading capabilities through affiliated broker-dealers. RWA pays asset-based fees in connection with its
custodial relationship with Fidelity Institutional. Included in the fee that RWA pays Fidelity Institutional are
certain benefits including, among others, access to an elite client service team and to various technological
tools that assist RWA in managing and servicing client accounts.
Also included in the fee that RWA pays Fidelity Institutional are certain benefits to the client, including no
brokerage fees for security transactions made with Fidelity Institutional’s affiliated broker-dealer. Although
clients do not pay any brokerage fees when transactions are made with Fidelity Institutional’s affiliated
broker-dealer, clients will incur Prime Brokerage Fees for any equity or fixed income transaction executed
by a broker-dealer other than Fidelity Institutional’s affiliated broker-dealer.
The fees that RWA pays to access the Fidelity Institutional platform are lower than the fees RWA pays to
access the SEI custodial platform. RWA is incentivized to recommend Fidelity Institutional over the SEI or
Schwab as the custodian for client accounts for the benefit of itself and its clients.
RWA has a financial incentive to recommend the purchase of certain Fidelity Investment Funds for client
accounts custodied on the Fidelity Institutional platform because assets invested in these Investment Funds
are not subject to the asset-based fee RWA pays to Fidelity Institutional. Regardless of this conflict of
interest, RWA only recommends investments it believes to be in its clients’ best interests.
SEI Private Trust Company
RWA also acts as liaison with SEI, which maintains possession of cash and securities for certain RWA clients
on SEI’s trust accounting custody platform. SEI’s custody platform is not available to retail clients and RWA
17
pays asset-based fees in connection with its preferred custodial relationship with SEI. The fees that RWA
pays to SEI do not include brokerage fees; therefore, clients with assets custodied at SEI are responsible
for all brokerage fees for security transactions made in their accounts. SEI does not charge prime broker
fees. RWA typically recommends SEI to clients when the client already has an established relationship with
SEI.
Schwab
Schwab provides a comprehensive clearing and custody platform, brokerage services, and trading
capabilities through affiliated broker-dealers. RWA does not pay asset-based fees to Schwab. Schwab
charges clients a flat transaction fee for effecting all securities transactions. RWA seeks to negotiate
competitive rates for our clients; however, the transaction fees charged by Schwab could be higher or
lower than those charged by other custodians and broker-dealers for the same services.
For accounts custodied at Schwab, if equity or fixed income transactions are executed with a broker-dealer
other than the Schwab’s affiliated broker-dealer, Schwab will charge the client a Prime Brokerage Fee in
addition to commissions paid to Schwab’s affiliated broker-dealer. RWA typically recommends Schwab to
clients for new accounts when the client already has an established relationship with Schwab.
Potential Conflicts of Interest with RWA’s Recommended Custodians
RWA’s Recommended Custodians provide RWA’s clients with services and benefits that are generally not
available to retail customers. Some of these services help RWA manage or administer client accounts, while
others help RWA manage and grow its business. These support services are generally, but not always,
available to RWA whether we request them or not. These services include: (i) consulting on technology,
compliance, legal and business needs; (ii) educational conferences; and publications and conferences on
practice management. Other benefits, such as business entertainment, are provided to RWA personnel
from time to time.
RWA’s Recommended Custodians have a minimum dollar amount of assets required in order for RWA to
receive some or all of the services they offer. This provides an incentive for RWA to continue to use or
expand its use of RWA’s Recommended Custodians.
Despite these potential conflicts, RWA believes that the Recommended Custodians provide RWA clients
with quality services considering the associated costs to the client and RWA.
SOFT DOLLARS
The term “soft dollars” generally refers to arrangements whereby a discretionary investment adviser is
allowed to pay for and receive research, research-related or execution services from a broker-dealer or
third-party provider, in addition to the execution of transactions, in exchange for the brokerage
commissions from transactions for client accounts. Use of client commissions to pay for research and
brokerage services presents investment advisers with significant conflicts of interest and gives incentives
for investment advisers to disregard their best execution obligations when directing orders in order to
obtain client commission services as well as to trade client securities inappropriately in order to earn credits
for client commission services.
RWA does not receive so-called “soft dollar” services from broker-dealers; however, broker-dealers utilized
by RWA provide research reports to RWA that assist in the portfolio management process.
DIRECTED BROKERAGE
RWA does not have any directed brokerage arrangements and does not encourage such arrangements.
However, should a client direct RWA to use a particular broker to execute such client’s transactions
(“directed brokerage”), it is important for the client to understand the following limitations of such
arrangement:
• RWA will not have the ability to negotiate best price and best execution for that client’s trades;
18
therefore, directed brokerage could cost clients more money. Directed brokerage clients could
pay higher commission rates than those paid by other clients, could receive less favorable trade
executions and may not obtain best execution on their transactions.
• Directed brokerage accounts will not be able to participate in aggregated or block transactions
with other clients. This will preclude directed brokerage accounts from obtaining the volume
discounts or more favorable terms that might be available from aggregated transactions.
•
If RWA is placing orders in the same security for both directed brokerage clients and clients that
use the broker approved by RWA, RWA will usually place orders for directed brokerage clients
after it has placed orders for other clients.
BROKERAGE FOR CLIENT REFERRALS
RWA does not select or recommend brokers-dealers or direct client transactions to brokers based upon
whether RWA receives client referrals from such brokers. The Firm participates in two referral programs.
One is with an affiliate of Fidelity—Fidelity Personal and Workplace Advisors, LLC. Under this referral
program, Fidelity Personal and Workplace Advisors, LLC serves as a solicitor for the Firm. The other referral
program is through Schwab Advisory Network. Under this program, Schwab Advisory Network also serves
as a solicitor for the Firm. For more information regarding these solicitor arrangements, please see Item 14
of this Brochure.
TRADE AGGREGATION
The aggregation or blocking of client transactions allows RWA to execute transactions in a more timely,
equitable, and efficient manner and seeks to reduce overall commission charges to clients. It is RWA’s
policy to aggregate client transactions where possible and when advantageous to clients. Typically,
tactical investment decisions are implemented immediately for all discretionary accounts, with the
exception of individual account constraints or tax considerations. If the decision involves a mutual fund, all
discretionary accounts holding that mutual fund are typically traded on the same day. If the decision
involves an individual equity security or ETF, to the extent possible, the order will be aggregated for all
client accounts and executed at the same time. Client orders partially filled will, as a general matter, be
allocated pro rata in proportion to each client’s original order. Tactical investment decisions for non-
discretionary accounts are implemented as soon as practically possible, after RWA receives confirmation
from the client.
For trading purposes, the accounts of Affiliated Persons are not treated more favorably than any other
account managed by RWA. To the extent that accounts of Affiliated Persons are included with other
accounts in aggregated orders, allocations of those orders will occur as described above.
ITEM 13. REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS
PERIODIC REVIEW OF CLIENT ACCOUNTS
RWA monitors client accounts on an ongoing basis for allocation drift based on market conditions, cash
flows and specific fund/manager issues. Additionally, no less than annually, the portfolio manager conducts
an account review. This review process is designed to determine if the portfolio allocations are in line with
the investment objective established for each client portfolio and if the portfolio is being managed in
accordance with firm strategies and applicable policies and procedures. Client teams schedule meetings
with clients on a periodic basis to review performance, market conditions, financial circumstances, and
investment objectives, among other things, and to confirm RWA’s investment decisions and services are
being consistent with the client’s current investment objectives and goals.
19
REVIEW OF CLIENT ACCOUNTS ON OTHER-THAN-PERIODIC BASIS
Any changes in the financial or other circumstances of a client would also necessitate a review of the
portfolio to confirm that the allocation remains appropriate and to determine any recommended changes.
RWA relies on each client to promptly notify their client team of any material changes to the client’s
financial condition including, but not limited to, investment objective, risk tolerance, net worth, annual
income, and investment time horizon.
CONTENT AND FREQUENCY OF CLIENT REPORTS
Clients receive, at a minimum, quarterly account statements in writing from their qualified custodian which,
depending on the arrangements made between the clients and the qualified custodians of their respective
accounts, include capital valuations and other information as required by applicable laws or as provided for
informational purposes. In addition, clients receive specific reports regarding their accounts upon request
or as deemed necessary by RWA.
ITEM 14. CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
COMPENSATION TO THIRD PARTIES FOR CLIENT REFERRALS
As part of the purchase of RWA, and subject to certain provisions, the Firm agreed to pay Ropes & Gray
LLP annual cash payments through 2028 based on new revenue associated with clients who are Ropes &
Gray partners, employees, or their immediate family members. RWA oversees new business associated
with Ropes & Gray partners, employees or their immediate family members; reviews and approves all
written materials that Ropes & Gray uses to promote RWA; and provides additional disclosures to new
clients who are Ropes & Gray partners, employees and their immediate family members.
The Firm participates in the Fidelity Wealth Advisor Solutions® Program (the “WAS Program”), through
which the Firm receives referrals from Fidelity Personal and Workplace Advisors, LLC (“FPWA”), a registered
investment advisor and Fidelity Investments company. The Firm is independent of and not affiliated with
FPWA or any Fidelity Investments company. FPWA does not supervise or control the Firm, and FPWA has
no responsibility for or oversight of the Firm’s provision of investment management or advisory services.
Under the WAS Program, FPWA acts as a solicitor for the Firm, and the Firm pays referral fees to FPWA for
each referral received based on the Firm assets under management attributable to each client referred by
FPWA or members of each referred client’s household.
To receive referrals from the WAS Program, the Firm must meet certain minimum participation criteria, but
the Firm could have been selected for participation in the WAS Program as a result of its other business
relationships with FPWA and its affiliates, including Fidelity Brokerage Services, LLC (“FBS”). As a result of
its participation in the WAS Program, the Firm has a potential conflict of interest with respect to its decision
to use certain affiliates of FPWA, including FBS, for execution, custody and clearing for certain client
accounts, and the Firm has a potential incentive to suggest the use of FBS and its affiliates to its advisory
clients, whether or not those clients were referred to the Firm as part of the WAS Program. Under an
agreement with FPWA, the Firm has agreed that it will not charge clients more than the standard range of
advisory fees disclosed in Item 5, above, to cover solicitation fees paid to FPWA as part of the WAS
Program. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Firm has agreed not to solicit clients to transfer their
brokerage accounts from affiliates of FPWA or establish brokerage accounts at other custodians for
referred clients other than when the Firm’s fiduciary duties would so require, and the Firm has agreed to
pay FPWA a one-time fee equal to 0.75% of the assets in a client account that is transferred from FPWA’s
affiliates to another custodian; therefore, the Firm has an incentive to suggest that referred clients and
their household members maintain custody of their accounts with affiliates of FPWA. However,
participation in the WAS Program does not limit the Firm’s duty to select brokers on the basis of best
execution.
20
The Firm participates in the Schwab Advisor Network® (the “SAN Program”). The SAN Program is designed
to help investors find an independent investment advisor. Schwab is a broker-dealer independent of and
unaffiliated with the Firm. Schwab does not supervise the Firm and has no responsibility for the Firm’s
management of clients’ portfolios or the Firm’s other advice or services. The Firm pays Schwab fees for
clients that were referred through the SAN Program. The Firm’s participation in the SAN Program may raise
potential conflicts of interest described below. The Firm pays Schwab a Participation Fee on all referred
clients’ accounts that are maintained in custody at Schwab and a Non-Schwab Custody Fee on all referred
clients’ accounts that are maintained at, or transferred to, another custodian. The Participation Fee paid
by the Firm is a percentage of the fees the client owes to the Firm or a percentage of the value of the
assets in the client’s account, subject to a minimum Participation Fee. The Firm pays Schwab the
Participation Fee for so long as the referred client’s account remains in custody at Schwab. The Participation
Fee is billed to the Firm quarterly and may be increased, decreased, or waived by Schwab from time to
time. The Participation Fee is paid by the Firm and not by the client. The Firm has agreed not to charge
clients referred through the SAN Program fees or costs greater than the fees or costs the Firm charges
clients with similar portfolios who were not referred through the SAN Program. The Firm generally pays
Schwab a Non-Schwab Custody Fee if custody of a referred client’s account is not maintained by, or assets
in the account are transferred from, Schwab. This Non-Schwab Custody Fee does not apply if the client
was solely responsible for the decision not to maintain custody at Schwab. The Non-Schwab Custody Fee
is a one-time payment equal to a percentage of the assets placed with a custodian other than Schwab.
The Non-Schwab Custody Fee is higher than the Participation Fees the Firm generally would pay in a single
year. Thus, the Firm will have an incentive to recommend that client accounts be held in custody at Schwab.
The Participation and Non-Schwab Custody Fees will be based on assets in accounts of the Firm’s clients
who were referred by Schwab and those referred clients’ family members living in the same household.
Thus, the Firm will have incentives to encourage household members of clients referred through the SAN
Program to maintain custody of their accounts and execute transactions at Schwab and to instruct Schwab
to debit the Firm’s fees directly from the accounts. For accounts of the Firm’s clients maintained in custody
at Schwab, Schwab will not charge the client separately for custody but will receive compensation from
the Firm’s clients in the form of commissions or other transaction-related compensation on securities
trades executed through Schwab. Schwab will also receive a fee (generally lower than the applicable
commission on trades it executes) for clearance and settlement of trades executed through broker-dealers
other than Schwab. Schwab’s fees for trades executed at other broker-dealers are in addition to the other
broker-dealer’s fees. Thus, the Firm has an incentive to cause trades to be executed through Schwab rather
than another broker-dealer. The Firm nevertheless acknowledges its duty to seek best execution of trades
for client accounts. Trades for client accounts held in custody at Schwab may be executed through a
different broker-dealer than trades for the Firm’s other clients. Thus, trades for accounts custodied at
Schwab may be executed at different times and different prices than trades for other accounts that are
executed at other broker-dealers.
ITEM 15. CUSTODY
RWA does not hold client assets but is deemed to have custody of certain client assets under arrangements
authorizing RWA to withdraw assets of a client maintained with the client’s qualified custodian upon RWA’s
instructions and when RWA acts in any legal capacity affording it or its supervised persons with ownership
of or access to client assets (e.g., trustee, power of attorney). Advisers with custody must comply with
certain requirements under the Advisers Act.
Funds and securities for all clients must be held by qualified custodians and clients must receive at least
quarterly accounts statement directly from the qualified custodian. RWA does not provide separate
account statements to clients, but as noted above, clients receive specific reports regarding their accounts
21
upon request or as deemed necessary by RWA. To the extent that any such reports contain information
comparable to that contained in the qualified custodian’s quarterly account statement, RWA urges clients
to compare the qualified custodian’s account statements with those they receive from RWA.
If clients have any questions about their custodian’s account statement or if they do not receive an account
statement from their custodian, they should contact compliancegroup@rwawealth.com. RWA encourages
clients to raise any questions with us about the custody, safety, or security of their assets.
ITEM 16. INVESTMENT DISCRETION
RWA provides continuous and regular investment advisory services to both discretionary and non-
discretionary accounts. The extent to which RWA exercises discretion over the investment selection in a
client account, as well as any limitations on RWA’s discretionary authority is as agreed with each client
and/or as stated in each client’s investment management agreement. An investment management
agreement is executed at the commencement of each account opening, prior to RWA’s assumption of
discretionary (or non-discretionary) authority. RWA’s authority can be limited by client-imposed
investment objectives and strategies. Additionally, managers of Investment Funds and other separate
accounts generally hold discretionary authority over these Investment Funds and separate accounts.
RWA’s investment management agreement contains a provision limiting the extent to which RWA may be
liable for conduct arising out of the management of the client’s account. Such provision, however, does
not relieve RWA from liability for conduct as to which a client has a non-waivable cause of action against
RWA under state or federal law. As such, any client who is considering bringing a claim against RWA for
conduct arising out of the management of the client’s account is strongly urged to consult with its own
counsel regarding its rights under federal and state law, notwithstanding the inclusion of a contractual
limitation of liability in the client’s investment management agreement.
Legal Proceedings
RWA is not obligated to advise or act on behalf of its clients for any legal proceedings relating to
bankruptcies or shareholder class action litigations involving securities held or previously held in client
accounts. Accordingly, RWA will not be responsible for responding to or forwarding class action settlement
offers relating to securities currently or previously held in client accounts to clients, except as noted below.
RWA has engaged Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”) to provide class action litigation
monitoring, claim filing, and claim payment distribution services for the securities maintained in client
accounts (“Class Action Services”). Clients opening new accounts can elect in their investment
management agreement whether or not to authorize RWA to include their account in Class Action Services.
For those clients who elect to participate in Class Action Services, RWA provides Broadridge with account
trading history information in connection with Class Action Services, but does not conduct research,
provide additional supporting documentation, or bill clients for Broadridge’s service fee. It is important to
note that for claims where Broadridge cannot independently and completely conduct the research, filing
and claim payment distribution process, claims will not be submitted on behalf of clients. Broadridge
deducts a 20% service fee from the proceeds of any recovered funds for Class Action Services provided.
ITEM 17. VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES
Clients typically direct RWA to exercise voting authority related to investments held in their account, which
are not otherwise voted by separate account managers. For clients who have directed RWA to exercise
voting proxy voting authority, RWA uses a third-party proxy voting service to vote client proxies in
accordance with predetermined instructions. Clients cannot direct their votes for particular solicitations.
Conflicts can arise when RWA, its affiliates, or any of its employees has any financial, business or personal
relationship with the issuer of a proxy proposal for a security held in a client’s account. RWA’s current
22
predetermined instructions are to vote proxies for client securities with management unless a material
conflict is identified. If a material conflict arises, RWA will determine whether voting with management is
in the best interest of the client.
RWA typically, although not required, authorizes external separate account managers to vote any proxies
relating to the sub-advised securities in accordance with the external separate account manager’s proxy
voting policy.
A client can obtain additional information regarding how the client’s proxies were voted or request a copy
of RWA’s proxy voting policies and procedures by contacting compliancegroup@rwawealth.com.
Clients can choose to retain the right to vote proxies for investments held in their accounts. If a client has
retained the right to vote proxies for investments held in their account, they should receive their proxies
from the qualified custodians that maintains their account. These clients should contact their qualified
custodian with any questions about a particular proxy or action.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
RWA does not require or solicit prepayment of any fees in advance. The Firm has never been the subject
of a bankruptcy petition or proceeding and is not subject to any financial condition that would impair its
ability to fulfill its contractual commitments to its clients.
23