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Item 1
Cover Page
RZH Advisors
SEC File Number: 801 – 71454
Brochure
Dated: March 22, 2025
Contact: Jean Paul Atallah
Chief Compliance Officer/Chief Operating Officer
One Landmark Square, 11th Floor
Stamford, Connecticut 06901
www.rzhadvisors.com
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of RZH Advisors.
If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at (203) 355-0880 or
jeanpaul@rzhadvisors.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about RZH Advisors also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
References herein to RZH Advisors as a “registered investment adviser” or any reference to being
“registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Item 2
Material Changes
There have been no material changes made to our Brochure since our last Annual Amendment filing made
on March 6, 2024.
RZH Advisor’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jean Paul Atallah, remains available to address any
questions that an existing or prospective client may have regarding this Brochure.
Item 3
Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page .................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 Material Changes .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 4 Advisory Business ........................................................................................................................ 3
Fees and Compensation .............................................................................................................. 10
Item 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management .......................................................... 12
Item 6
Item 7
Types of Clients .......................................................................................................................... 12
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ................................................... 13
Item 9 Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................................ 15
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................. 15
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .............. 15
Item 12 Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................... 16
Item 13 Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................... 18
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation .................................................................................. 18
Item 15 Custody ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Item 16
Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 19
Item 17 Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................. 20
Item 18 Financial Information ................................................................................................................. 20
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Item 4
Advisory Business
A. RZH Advisors (the “Registrant”) is a limited liability company formed on February 7,
2000, in the state of Connecticut. The Registrant became registered as an Investment
Adviser Firm in May 2010. The Registrant is owned by Carl J. Zuckerberg, Spencer
Cooper, Lauren Rowland and Jean Paul Atallah. Mr. Cooper, Mr. Zuckerberg, Ms.
Rowland, and Mr. Atallah are the Registrant’s Principals.
The Registrant generally provides its clients with wealth management services (i.e.,
combined financial planning and investment management services) on a fee-basis per its
fee schedule set forth in Item 5 below. In limited circumstances, Registrant, in its sole
discretion, may enter into investment management services only engagements for those
types of clients that do not require wealth management services (i.e., ERISA plans,
endowments, trusts, etc.) per the terms and conditions of a mutually agreeable fee
arrangement.
B.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The Registrant provides discretionary investment advisory services on a fee basis. Before
engaging the Registrant to provide investment advisory services, clients are required to
enter into an Investment Advisory Agreement with the Registrant setting forth the terms and
conditions of the engagement (including termination), describing the scope of the services
to be provided, and the fee that is due from the client. The Registrant’s annual investment
advisory fee is based upon a percentage (%) of the market value of client assets placed
under Registrant’s management.
Registrant's annual investment advisory fee may include both investment management
services and initial and/or ongoing financial planning and consulting services. In the event
that the client requires extraordinary planning and/or consultation services (to be
determined in the sole discretion of the Registrant), the Registrant may determine to charge
for such additional services, the dollar amount of which shall be set forth in a separate
written notice to the client.
During the initial engagement year, a client who desires financial planning and consulting
services may pay an additional fee of up to 0.15% (for limited planning services-generally
limited to consulting services incidental to the investment management process) to 0.25%
(for planning) of the anticipated total assets to be placed under the Registrant’s
management/advisement as compensation for the initial desired/anticipated planning and
consulting services to be provided.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
The Registrant may be engaged to provide financial planning and/or consulting services
(including investment and non-investment related matters, including estate planning,
insurance planning, etc.) on a stand-alone separate fee basis. Registrant’s planning and
consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from $2,500 to $50,000 on a fixed fee
basis, and from $400 to $600 on an hourly rate basis, depending upon the level and scope
of the service(s) required and the professional(s) rendering the service(s). Prior to engaging
the Registrant to provide planning or consulting services, clients are generally required to
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enter into a Financial Planning and Consulting Agreement with Registrant setting forth the
terms and conditions of the engagement (including termination), describing the scope of
the services to be provided, and the portion of the fee that is due from the client prior to
Registrant commencing services.
If requested by the client, Registrant may recommend the services of other professionals
for implementation purposes (i.e., attorneys, accountants, insurance, etc.). The client is
under no obligation to engage the services of any such recommended professional. The
client retains absolute discretion over all such implementation decisions and is free to
accept or reject any recommendation from the Registrant.
If the client engages any recommended unaffiliated professional, and a dispute arises
thereafter relative to such engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from
and against the engaged professional. At all times, the engaged licensed professional[s]
(i.e., attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.), and not the Registrant, shall be
responsible for the quality and competency of the services provided.
It remains the client’s responsibility to promptly notify the Registrant if there is ever any
change in their financial situation or investment objectives for the purpose of reviewing,
evaluating or revising Registrant’s previous recommendations and/or services.
DIVORCE CONSULTANT SERVICES
The Registrant may provide financial planning services for people going through a divorce.
Divorce consultation services may be provided in any of the following areas: tax planning
analysis, estate planning analysis, investment, pension and profit sharing, business,
insurance and cash flow management. All arrangements concerning fees and services will
be agreed upon in advance and will be in a written contract.
MISCELLANEOUS
Limitations of Financial Planning and Non-Investment Consulting/Implementation
Services. As indicated above, to the extent requested by a client, Registrant may provide
financial planning and related consulting services. Neither the Registrant nor its investment
adviser representatives assist clients with the implementation of any financial plan, unless
they have agreed to do so in writing. The Registrant does not monitor a client’s financial
plan, and it is the client’s responsibility to revisit the financial plan with the Registrant, if
desired.
The Registrant does not serve as an attorney or accountant, and no portion of its services
should be construed as legal or accounting services. Accordingly, Registrant does not
prepare estate planning documents or tax returns. To the extent requested by a client,
Registrant may recommend the services of other professionals for certain non-investment
implementation purpose (i.e., attorneys, accountants, insurance agents, etc.). The client is
under no obligation to engage the services of any such recommended professional. The
client retains absolute discretion over all such implementation decisions and is free to
accept or reject any recommendation from Registrant and/or its representatives.
If the client engages any recommended unaffiliated professional, and a dispute arises
thereafter relative to such engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from
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and against the engaged professional. At all times, the engaged licensed professional[s]
(i.e., attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.), and not the Registrant, shall be
responsible for the quality and competency of the services provided.
Retirement Plan Rollovers – No Obligation / Conflict of Interest. A client or
prospective client leaving an employer typically has four options regarding an existing
retirement plan (and may engage in a combination of these options): (i) leave the money in
the former employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over the assets to the new employer’s
plan, if one is available and rollovers are permitted, (iii) roll over to an Individual
Retirement Account (“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value (which could, depending
upon the client’s age, result in adverse tax consequences). If Registrant recommends that a
client roll over their retirement plan assets into an account to be managed by Registrant,
such a recommendation creates a conflict of interest if Registrant will earn new (or increase
its current) compensation as a result of the rollover. If Registrant provides a
recommendation as to whether a client should engage in a rollover or not, Registrant is
acting as a fiduciary within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing
retirement accounts. No client is under any obligation to roll over retirement plan assets
to an account managed by Registrant.
Mutual and Exchange Traded Funds. Most mutual funds and exchange traded funds are
available directly to the public. Therefore, a prospective client can obtain many of the funds
that may be utilized by the Registrant independent of engaging Registrant as an investment
advisor. However, if a prospective client determines to do so, he/she will not receive the
Registrant’s initial and ongoing investment advisory services.
DFA Mutual Funds. Registrant utilizes mutual funds issued by Dimensional Fund
Advisors (“DFA”). DFA funds are generally only available through registered investment
advisers. Therefore, if the client was to terminate the Registrant’s services, and not
transition to another adviser who utilizes DFA funds, restrictions regarding additional
purchases of, or reallocation among other, DFA funds will generally apply.
Interval Funds/Risks and Limitations: Where appropriate, Registrant may utilize
interval funds (and other types of securities that could pose additional risks, including lack
of liquidity and restrictions on withdrawals). An interval fund is a non-traditional type
of closed-end mutual fund that periodically offers to buy back a percentage of outstanding
shares from shareholders. Investments in an interval fund involve additional risk, including
lack of liquidity and restrictions on withdrawals.
During any time periods outside of the specified repurchase offer window(s), investors will
be unable to sell their shares of the interval fund. There is no assurance that an investor
will be able to tender shares when or in the amount desired. There can also be situations
where an interval fund has a limited amount of capacity to repurchase shares and may not
be able to fulfill all purchase orders. In addition, the eventual sale price for the interval
fund could be less than the interval fund value on the date that the sale was requested.
While an internal fund periodically offers to repurchase a portion of its securities, there is
no guarantee that investors may sell their shares at any given time or in the desired amount.
As interval funds can expose investors to liquidity risk, investors should consider interval
fund shares to be an illiquid investment. Typically, the interval funds are not listed on any
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securities exchange and are not publicly traded. Therefore, there is no secondary market
for the fund’s shares.
Because these types of investments involve certain additional risk, these funds will only be
utilized when consistent with a client’s investment objectives, individual situation,
suitability, tolerance for risk and liquidity needs. Investment should be avoided where an
investor has a short-term investing horizon and/or cannot bear the loss of some, or all, of
the investment. There can be no assurance that an interval fund investment will prove
profitable or successful. In light of these enhanced risks, a client may direct Registrant, in
writing, not to purchase interval funds for the client’s account.
the
Socially Responsible (ESG) Investing Limitations. Socially Responsible Investing
involves
incorporation of Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”)
considerations into the investment due diligence process. Registrant does not maintain or
advocate an ESG investment strategy but will seek to employ ESG if directed by a client
to do so. If implemented, Registrant shall rely upon the assessments undertaken by the
unaffiliated mutual fund, exchange traded fund or separate account portfolio manager to
determine that the fund’s or portfolio’s underlying company securities meet a socially
responsible mandate.
ESG investing incorporates a set of criteria/factors used in evaluating potential
investments: Environmental (i.e., considers how a company safeguards the environment);
Social (i.e., the manner in which a company manages relationships with its employees,
customers, and the communities in which it operates); and Governance (i.e., company
management considerations). The number of companies that meet an acceptable ESG
mandate can be limited when compared to those that do not and could underperform broad
market indices.
Investors must accept these limitations, including potential for underperformance.
Correspondingly, the number of ESG mutual funds and exchange-traded funds are limited
when compared to those that do not maintain such a mandate. As with any type of
investment (including any investment and/or investment strategies recommended and/or
undertaken by Registrant), there can be no assurance that investment in ESG securities or
funds will be profitable or prove successful.
Cash Positions. Registrant treats cash as an asset class. As such, all cash positions (money
markets, etc.) shall be included as part of assets under management for purposes of
calculating the Registrant’s advisory fee. At any specific point in time, depending upon
perceived or anticipated market conditions/events (there being no guarantee that such
anticipated market conditions/events will occur), the Registrant may maintain cash
positions for defensive purposes. In addition, while assets are maintained in cash, such
amounts could miss market advances. Depending upon current yields, at any point in time,
Registrant’s advisory fee could exceed the interest paid by the client’s money market fund.
Donor Advised Funds. Clients may choose to use donor advised funds as a method of
charitable giving. After a client transfers assets to a donor advised fund, the Registrant’s
direct authority over those assets is limited. However, to the extent the Registrant is able
to communicate with the donor advised fund regarding the timing and/or the intended
recipient of the charitable donation for portfolio management and tax planning reasons, the
value of the client’s assets held in the donor advised funds shall be included as part of the
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client’s assets under management for purposes of calculating the Registrant’s advisory fee.
RZH provides regular and ongoing investment advice to assets held within a donor-advised
fund including, but not limited to, the following:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Working with clients to understand the optimal amount of contribution and
underlying securities to gift into the donor advised fund;
Influencing and directing the overall investment objectives and underlying
investment vehicles within the donor advised fund;
processing the disbursements of donor advised fund assets upon client request; and
performance reporting and transaction reporting summaries as part of holistic
household portfolio reviews.
Cash Sweep Accounts. Certain account custodians can require that cash proceeds from
account transactions or new deposits, be swept to and/or initially maintained in a
specific custodian designated sweep account. The yield on the sweep account will
generally be lower than those available for other money market accounts. When this
occurs, to help mitigate the corresponding yield dispersion Registrant shall (usually within
30 days thereafter) generally (with exceptions) purchase a higher yielding money market
fund (or other type security) available on the custodian’s platform, unless Registrant
reasonably anticipates that it will utilize the cash proceeds during the subsequent 30-day
period to purchase additional investments for the client’s account. Exceptions and/or
modifications can and will occur with respect to all or a portion of the cash balances for
various reasons, including, but not limited to the amount of dispersion between the sweep
account and a money market fund, the size of the cash balance, an indication from the client
of an imminent need for such cash, or the client has a demonstrated history of writing
checks from the account.
The above does not apply to the cash component maintained within a Registrant actively
managed investment strategy (the cash balances for which shall generally remain in the
custodian designated cash sweep account), an indication from the client of a need for access
to such cash, assets allocated to an unaffiliated investment manager and cash balances
maintained for fee billing purposes.
The client shall remain exclusively responsible for yield dispersion/cash balance decisions
and corresponding transactions for cash balances maintained in any Registrant unmanaged
accounts.
Independent Managers. The Registrant may allocate (and/or recommend that the client
allocate) a portion of a client’s investment assets among unaffiliated independent
investment managers and/or sub-advisers in accordance with the client’s designated
investment objective(s). In such situations, the Independent Manager(s) shall have day-to-
day responsibility for the active discretionary management of the allocated assets. The
Registrant shall continue to render investment supervisory services to the client relative to
the ongoing monitoring and review of account performance, asset allocation and client
investment objectives. Factors which the Registrant shall consider in recommending
Independent Manager(s) include the client’s designated investment objective(s),
management style, performance, reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing, and
research. The investment management fee charged by the Independent Manager(s) is
separate from, and in addition to, the Registrant’s investment advisory fee as set forth in
Item 5.
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Account Aggregation Tools. Registrant, in conjunction with the services provided
through Orion Adviser Services (“Orion”), Akoya, a resource made available through
Orion, and ByAllAccounts, Inc., may also provide periodic comprehensive reporting
services which may incorporate all of the client’s investment assets, including those
investment assets that are not part of the assets managed by Registrant (the “Excluded
Assets”). The Registrant’s service relative to the Excluded Assets is limited to reporting
services only, which does not include investment implementation. Because the Registrant
does not have trading authority for the Excluded Assets, to the extent applicable to the
nature of the Excluded Assets (assets over which the client maintains trading authority vs.
trading authority designated to another investment professional), the client (and/or the
other investment professional), and not the Registrant, shall be exclusively responsible for
directly implementing any recommendations relative to the Excluded Assets. The client
and/or their other advisors that maintain trading authority, and not the Registrant, shall be
exclusively responsible for the investment performance of the Excluded Assets. Without
limiting the above, the Registrant shall not be responsible for any implementation error
(timing, trading, etc.) relative to the Excluded Assets. In the event the client desires that
the Registrant provide non-discretionary investment management services (whereby the
Registrant would have trading authority) with respect to the Excluded Assets, the client
may engage the Registrant to do so pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Investment
Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and the client.
Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, and Digital Assets. The Registrant does not recommend or
advocate for the purchase of, or investment in, Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, or digital assets.
Such investments are considered speculative and carry significant risk. For clients who
want exposure to Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, or digital assets, the Registrant, may advise the
client to consider a potential investment in corresponding exchange traded securities, or an
allocation to separate account managers and/or private funds that provide cryptocurrency
exposure.
Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies are digital assets that can be used for various purposes,
including transactions, decentralized applications, and speculative investments. Most
digital assets use blockchain technology, an advanced cryptographic digital ledger to
secure transactions and validate asset ownership. Unlike conventional currencies issued
and regulated by monetary authorities, cryptocurrencies generally operate without
centralized control, and their value is determined by market supply and demand. While
regulatory oversight of digital assets has evolved significantly since their inception, they
remain subject to variable regulatory treatment globally, which may impact their risk
profile and liquidity.
Given that cryptocurrency investments are speculative and subject to extreme price
volatility, liquidity constraints, and the potential for total loss of principal, the Registrant
does not exercise discretionary authority to purchase cryptocurrency investments for
client accounts. Any investment in cryptocurrencies must be expressly authorized by the
client. Clients who authorize the purchase of a cryptocurrency investment must be
prepared for the potential for liquidity constraints, extreme price volatility, regulatory risk,
technological risk, security and custody risk, and complete loss of principal.
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Portfolio Activity. Registrant has a fiduciary duty to provide services consistent with the
client’s best interest. As part of its investment advisory services, Registrant will review
client portfolios on an ongoing basis to determine if any changes are necessary based upon
various factors, including, but not limited to, investment performance, fund manager
tenure, style drift, account additions/withdrawals, and/or a change in the client’s
investment objective. Based upon these factors, there may be extended periods of time
when Registrant determines that changes to a client’s portfolio are neither necessary nor
prudent. Clients nonetheless remain subject to the fees described in Item 5 below during
periods of account inactivity.
Client Obligations. In performing its services, Registrant shall not be required to verify
any information received from the client or from the client’s other professionals, and is
expressly authorized to rely thereon. Moreover, each client is advised that it remains their
responsibility to promptly notify the Registrant if there is ever any change in their financial
situation or investment objectives for the purpose of reviewing, evaluating or revising
Registrant’s previous recommendations and/or services.
Cybersecurity Risk. The information technology systems and networks that Registrant
and its third-party service providers use to provide services to Registrant’s clients employ
various controls that are designed to prevent cybersecurity incidents stemming from
intentional or unintentional actions that could cause significant interruptions in Registrant’s
operations and/or result in the unauthorized acquisition or use of clients’ confidential or
non-public personal information.
In accordance with Regulation S-P, the Registrant is committed to protecting the privacy
and security of its clients' non-public personal information by implementing appropriate
administrative, technical, and physical safeguards. Registrant has established processes to
mitigate the risks of cybersecurity incidents, including the requirement to restrict access to
such sensitive data and to monitor its systems for potential breaches. Clients and Registrant
are nonetheless subject to the risk of cybersecurity incidents that could ultimately cause
them to incur financial losses and/or other adverse consequences.
Although the Registrant has established processes to reduce the risk of cybersecurity
incidents, there is no guarantee that these efforts will always be successful, especially
considering that the Registrant does not control the cybersecurity measures and policies
employed by third-party service providers, issuers of securities, broker-dealers, qualified
custodians, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchanges, and other financial
market operators and providers. In compliance with Regulation S-P, the Registrant will
notify clients in the event of a data breach involving their non-public personal information
as required by applicable state and federal laws.
Disclosure Statement. A copy of the Registrant’s written Brochure and Client
Relationship Summary, as set forth on Part 2A of Form ADV and Form CRS respectively,
shall be provided to each client prior to, or contemporaneously with, the execution of the
Investment Advisory Agreement or Financial Planning and Consulting Agreement.
to providing
investment advisory services, an
C. The Registrant shall provide investment advisory services specific to the needs of each
client. Prior
investment adviser
representative will ascertain each client’s investment objective(s). Thereafter, the
Registrant shall allocate and/or recommend that the client allocate investment assets
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consistent with the designated investment objective(s). The client may, at any time, impose
reasonable restrictions, in writing, on the Registrant’s services.
D. The Registrant does not participate in a wrap fee program.
E. As of January 31, 2025, the Registrant had $2,121,082,609 in assets under management on
a discretionary basis.
Item 5
Fees and Compensation
A.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The Registrant’s annual investment advisory fee is negotiable, but is generally based upon
a percentage (%) of the market value and type of assets placed under the Registrant’s
management as follows:
Wealth Management – Inclusive of Financial Planning
Assets Under Management
Annual Fee*
First $3,000,000
Next $2,000,000
Next $5,000,000
Next $10,000,000
Over $20,000,000
1.10%
0.85%
0.60%
0.50%
0.40%
Investment Management – Including limited planning incidental to the investment
management process
Assets Under Management
First $5,000,000
Next $5,000,000
Over $10,000,000
Annual Fee*
0.75%
0.50%
0.35%
The Registrant’s investment advisory fee is negotiable at its discretion, depending upon
objective and subjective factors including but not limited to: the amount of assets to be
managed; portfolio composition; the scope and complexity of the engagement; the
anticipated number of meetings and servicing needs; related accounts; future earning
capacity; anticipated future additional assets; the professional(s) rendering the service(s);
prior relationships with the Registrant and/or its representatives, and negotiations with the
client. As a result of these factors, similarly situated clients could pay different fees, the
services to be provided by the Registrant to any particular client could be available from
other advisers at lower fees, and certain clients may have fees different than those
specifically set forth above
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When engaged to provide Wealth Management Services, inclusive of Financial Planning
services, or Investment Management Services (with planning incidental to the investment
management process), the Registrant generally requires a minimum asset level of
$5,000,000.
The Registrant, in its sole discretion, may elect to waive its aggregate asset minimum,
charge a lesser investment advisory fee and/or charge a flat fee based upon certain criteria
(i.e., anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount
of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, negotiations with client,
etc.).
If you engage the Registrant to provide Wealth Management Services, inclusive of
Financial Planning Services or Investment Management Services with Limited Financial
planning with less than $5,000,000 under management, per the terms of your agreement,
you may pay a higher percentage Annual fee than indicated above.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
The Registrant may be engaged to provide financial planning and/or consulting services
(including investment and non-investment related matters, including estate planning,
insurance planning, etc.) on a stand-alone separate fee basis. Registrant’s planning and
consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from $2,500 to $50,000 on a fixed fee
basis, and from $400 to $600 on an hourly rate basis, depending upon the level and scope
of the service(s) required and the professional(s) rendering the service(s). Prior to engaging
the Registrant to provide planning or consulting services, clients are generally required to
enter into a Financial Planning and Consulting Agreement with Registrant setting forth the
terms and conditions of the engagement (including termination), describing the scope of
the services to be provided, and the portion of the fee that is due from the client prior to
Registrant commencing services.
DIVORCE CONSULTATION SERVICES
The Registrant may provide financial planning services for people going through a divorce.
Divorce consultation services may be provided in any of the following areas: tax planning
analysis, estate planning analysis, investment, pension and profit sharing, business,
insurance and cash flow management. All arrangements concerning fees and services will
be agreed upon in advance and will be in a written contract. Registrant’s planning and
consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from $2,500 to $50,000 on a fixed fee
basis, and from $400 to $600 on an hourly rate basis, depending upon the level and scope
of the service(s) required and the professional(s) rendering the service(s).
B. Clients may elect to have the Registrant’s advisory and planning and consulting fees
deducted from their custodial account. Both Registrant's Investment Advisory Agreement
and the custodial/clearing agreement may authorize the custodian to debit the account for
the amount of the Registrant's investment advisory fee and to directly remit that
management fee to the Registrant in compliance with regulatory procedures. In the limited
event that the Registrant bills the client directly, payment is due upon receipt of the
Registrant’s invoice. The Registrant shall deduct fees and/or bill clients quarterly in
advance, based upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of the previous
quarter.
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C. As discussed below, unless the client directs otherwise or an individual client’s
circumstances require, the Registrant shall generally recommend that Fidelity Investments
(“Fidelity”) serve as the broker-dealer/custodian for client investment management assets.
Broker-dealers such as Fidelity charge brokerage commissions, transaction, and/or other
type fees for effecting certain types of securities transactions (i.e., including transaction
fees for certain mutual funds, and mark-ups and mark-downs charged for fixed income
transactions, etc.). The types of securities for which transaction fees, commissions, and/or
other type fees (as well as the amount of those fees) shall differ depending upon the broker-
dealer/custodian. While certain custodians, including Fidelity, generally (with the potential
exception for large orders) do not currently charge fees on individual equity transactions
(including ETFs), others do.
There can be no assurance that Fidelity will not change their transaction fee pricing in the
future.
Fidelity may also assess fees to clients who elect to receive trade confirmations and account
statements by regular mail rather than electronically.
D. Registrant's annual investment advisory fee shall be prorated and paid quarterly, in
advance, based upon the value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter,
inclusive of any accrued interest.
The Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and the client will continue in
effect until terminated by either party by written notice in accordance with the terms of the
Investment Advisory Agreement. Any modifications to the Investment Advisory Agreement
that results in a change to the advisory fee billing rate made during the course of a quarter
will go into effect during the next billing cycle. Upon termination, the Registrant shall
refund the pro-rated portion of the advanced advisory fee paid based upon the number of
days remaining in the billing quarter.
E. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives accept compensation from the sale of
securities or other investment products.
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
Neither the Registrant nor any supervised person of the Registrant accepts performance-
based fees.
Item 7
Types of Clients
The Registrant’s clients shall generally include individuals, business entities, trusts, estates
and charitable organizations.
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Item 8
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. The Registrant may utilize the following methods of security analysis:
• Charting - (analysis performed using patterns to identify current trends and trend
reversals to forecast the direction of prices)
• Fundamental - (analysis performed on historical and present data, with the goal of
making financial forecasts)
• Technical – (analysis performed on historical and present data, focusing on price
and trade volume, to forecast the direction of prices)
The Registrant may utilize the following investment strategies when implementing
investment advice given to clients:
• Long Term Purchases (securities held at least a year)
• Short Term Purchases (securities sold within a year)
Investment Risk. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and it
should not be assumed that future performance of any specific investment or investment
strategy (including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or
undertaken by the Registrant) will be profitable or equal any specific performance level(s).
Investors generally face the following types of investment risks:
• Interest-rate Risk: Fluctuations in interest rates may cause investment prices to fluctuate.
For example, when interest rates rise, yields on existing bonds become less attractive,
causing their market values to decline.
• Market Risk: The price of a security, bond, or mutual fund may drop in reaction to
tangible and intangible events and conditions. This type of risk may be caused by
external factors independent of the fund’s specific investments as well as due to the
fund’s specific investments. Additionally, each security’s price will fluctuate based on
market movement and emotion, which may, or may not be due to the security’s
operations or changes in its true value. For example, political, economic and social
conditions may trigger market events which are temporarily negative, or temporarily
positive.
• Inflation Risk: When any type of inflation is present, a dollar today will not buy as much
as a dollar next year, because purchasing power is eroding at the rate of inflation.
• Reinvestment Risk: This is the risk that future proceeds from investments may have to
be reinvested at a potentially lower rate of return (i.e., interest rate). This primarily
relates to fixed income securities.
• Liquidity Risk: Liquidity is the ability to readily convert an investment into cash.
Generally, assets are more liquid if many traders are interested in a standardized product.
For example, Treasury Bills are highly liquid, while real estate properties are not.
• Financial Risk: Excessive borrowing to finance a business’ operations increases the risk
of profitability, because the company must meet the terms of its obligations in good times
and bad. During periods of financial stress, the inability to meet loan obligations may
result in bankruptcy and/or a declining market value.
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B. The Registrant’s methods of analysis and investment strategies do not present any
significant or unusual risks.
However, every method of analysis has its own inherent risks. To perform an accurate
market analysis the Registrant must have access to current/new market information. The
Registrant has no control over the dissemination rate of market information; therefore,
unbeknownst to the Registrant, certain analyses may be compiled with outdated market
information, severely limiting the value of the Registrant’s analysis. Furthermore, an
accurate market analysis can only produce a forecast of the direction of market values.
There can be no assurances that a forecasted change in market value will materialize into
actionable and/or profitable investment opportunities.
The Registrant’s primary investment strategies - Long Term Purchases and Short Term
Purchases - are fundamental investment strategies. However, every investment strategy has
its own inherent risks and limitations. For example, longer term investment strategies
require a longer investment time period to allow for the strategy to potentially develop.
Shorter term investment strategies require a shorter investment time period to potentially
develop but, as a result of more frequent trading, may incur higher transactional costs when
compared to a longer term investment strategy.
C. Currently, the Registrant primarily allocates client investment assets among various open-
end mutual funds and/or exchange traded funds on a discretionary basis, and Independent
Manager(s), as well as private investment funds, in accordance with the client’s designated
investment objective(s).
Borrowing Against Assets/Risks
A client who has a need to borrow money could determine to do so by using:
• Margin-The account custodian or broker-dealer lends money to the client. The
custodian charges the client interest for the right to borrow money, and uses the assets
in the client’s brokerage account as collateral; and,
• Pledged Assets Loan- In consideration for a lender (i.e., a bank, etc.) to make a loan to
the client, the client pledges its investment assets held at the account custodian as
collateral;
These above-described collateralized loans are generally utilized because they typically
provide more favorable interest rates than standard commercial loans. These types of
collateralized loans can assist with a pending home purchase, permit the retirement of more
expensive debt, or enable borrowing in lieu of liquidating existing account positions and
incurring capital gains taxes. However, such loans are not without potential material risk
to the client’s investment assets. The lender (i.e., custodian, bank, etc.) will have recourse
against the client’s investment assets in the event of loan default or if the assets fall below
a certain level. For this reason, Registrant does not recommend such borrowing unless it is
for specific short-term purposes (i.e., a bridge loan to purchase a new residence). Registrant
does not recommend such borrowing for investment purposes (i.e., to invest borrowed
funds in the market). Regardless, if the client was to determine to utilize margin or a
pledged assets loan, the following economic benefits would inure to Registrant:
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• by taking the loan rather than liquidating assets in the client’s account, Registrant
•
•
continues to earn a fee on such Account assets; and,
if the client invests any portion of the loan proceeds in an account to be managed by
Registrant, Registrant will receive an advisory fee on the invested amount; and,
if Registrant’s advisory fee is based upon the higher margined account value,
Registrant will earn a correspondingly higher advisory fee. This could provide
Registrant with a disincentive to encourage the client to discontinue the use of margin.
The client must accept the above risks and potential corresponding consequences
associated with the use of margin or a pledged assets loans.
Item 9
Disciplinary Information
The Registrant has not been the subject of any disciplinary actions.
Item 10
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application pending
to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
B. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application pending
to register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a commodity
trading advisor, or a representative of the foregoing.
C. Licensed Insurance Agents. Although not material to the Registrant’s business, Carl J.
Zuckerberg, in his individual capacity, is a licensed insurance agent. Mr. Zuckerberg does
not hold himself out to the public in this capacity.
D. The Registrant does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment
advisors that it recommends or selects for its clients.
Item 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
A. The Registrant maintains an investment policy relative to personal securities transactions.
This investment policy is part of Registrant’s overall Code of Ethics, which serves to
establish a standard of business conduct for all of Registrant’s representatives that is based
upon fundamental principles of openness, integrity, honesty and trust, a copy of which is
available upon request.
In accordance with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Registrant
also maintains and enforces written policies reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of
material non-public information by the Registrant or any person associated with the
Registrant.
B. Neither the Registrant nor any related person of Registrant recommends, buys, or sells for
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client accounts, securities in which the Registrant or any related person of Registrant has a
material financial interest.
C. The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities that are
also recommended to clients. This practice may create a situation where the Registrant
and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a position to materially benefit from the sale
or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation creates a conflict of interest.
Practices such as “scalping” (i.e., a practice whereby the owner of shares of a security
recommends that security for investment and then immediately sells it at a profit upon the
rise in the market price which follows the recommendation) could take place if the
Registrant did not have adequate policies in place to detect such activities. In addition, this
requirement can help detect insider trading, “front-running” (i.e., personal trades executed
prior to those of the Registrant’s clients) and other potentially abusive practices.
The Registrant has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal
securities transactions and securities holdings of each of the Registrant’s “Access Persons”.
The Registrant’s securities transaction policy requires that an Access Person of the
Registrant must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee with a written
report of their current securities holdings within ten (10) days after becoming an Access
Person. Additionally, each Access Person must provide or make available to the Chief
Compliance Officer or his/her designee a list of reportable transactions each calendar
quarter as well as a written annual report of the Access Person’s securities holdings;
provided, however that at any time that the Registrant has only one Access Person, he or
she shall not be required to submit any securities report described above.
D. The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities, at or
around the same time as those securities are recommended to clients. This practice creates
a situation where the Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a position to
materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation
creates a conflict of interest. As indicated above in Item 11.C, the Registrant has a personal
securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal securities transaction and
securities holdings of each of Registrant’s Access Persons.
Item 12
Brokerage Practices
A. In the event that the client requests that the Registrant recommend a broker-
dealer/custodian for execution and/or custodial services (exclusive of those clients that may
direct the Registrant to use a specific broker-dealer/custodian), Registrant generally
recommends that investment management accounts be maintained at Fidelity. Prior to
engaging Registrant to provide investment management services, the client will be required
to enter into a formal Investment Advisory Agreement with Registrant setting forth the
terms and conditions under which Registrant shall manage the client's assets, and a separate
custodial/clearing agreement with each designated broker-dealer/custodian.
Factors that the Registrant considers in recommending Fidelity (or any other broker-
dealer/custodian to clients) include historical relationship with the Registrant, financial
strength, reputation, execution capabilities, pricing, research, and service. Although the
commissions and/or transaction fees paid by Registrant's clients shall comply with the
Registrant's duty to seek best execution, a client may pay a commission that is higher than
another qualified broker-dealer might charge to effect the same transaction where the
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Registrant determines, in good faith, that the commission/transaction fee is reasonable. In
seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether
the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full
range of a broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution
capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly, although Registrant will
seek competitive rates, it may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates
for client account transactions. The brokerage commissions or transaction fees charged by
the designated broker-dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in addition to, Registrant's
investment management fee. The Registrant’s best execution responsibility is qualified if
securities that it purchases for client accounts are mutual funds that trade at net asset value
as determined at the daily market close.
1. Research and Additional Benefits
Although not a material consideration when determining whether to recommend that a
client utilize the services of a particular broker-dealer/custodian, Registrant receives
from Fidelity (or another broker-dealer/custodian, investment platform, unaffiliated
investment manager, vendor, unaffiliated product/fund sponsor, or vendor) without
cost (and/or at a discount) support services and/or products, certain of which assist the
Registrant to better monitor and service client accounts maintained at such institutions.
Included within the support services that may be obtained by the Registrant may be
investment-related research, pricing information and market data, software and other
technology that provide access to client account data, compliance and/or practice
management-related publications, discounted or gratis consulting services, discounted
and/or gratis attendance at conferences, meetings, and other educational and/or social
events, marketing support, computer hardware and/or software and/or other products
used by Registrant in furtherance of its investment advisory business operations.
As indicated above, certain of the support services and/or products that may be received
may assist the Registrant in managing and administering client accounts. Others do not
directly provide such assistance, but rather assist the Registrant to manage and further
develop its business enterprise.
There is no corresponding commitment made by the Registrant to Fidelity or any other
entity to invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual
funds, securities or other investment products as a result of the above arrangement.
2. The Registrant does not receive referrals from broker-dealers.
3. The Registrant does not generally accept directed brokerage arrangements (when a
client requires that account transactions be effected through a specific broker-dealer).
In such client directed arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements
for their account with that broker-dealer, and Registrant will not seek better execution
services or prices from other broker-dealers or be able to "batch" the client's
transactions for execution through other broker-dealers with orders for other accounts
managed by Registrant. As a result, client may pay higher commissions or other
transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices, on transactions
for the account than would otherwise be the case.
In the event that the client directs Registrant to effect securities transactions for the
client's accounts through a specific broker-dealer, the client correspondingly
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acknowledges that such direction may cause the accounts to incur higher commissions
or transaction costs than the accounts would otherwise incur had the client determined
to effect account transactions through alternative clearing arrangements that may be
available through Registrant. Higher transaction costs adversely impact account
performance.
Transactions for directed accounts will generally be executed following the execution
of portfolio transactions for non-directed accounts.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer/Chief Operating Officer, Jean Paul
Atallah, remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client
may have regarding the above arrangement.
B. To the extent that the Registrant provides investment management services to its clients,
the transactions for each client account generally will be effected independently, unless
the Registrant decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at
approximately the same time. The Registrant may (but is not obligated to) combine or
“bunch” such orders to seek best execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates
or to allocate equitably among the Registrant’s clients differences in prices and
commissions or other transaction costs that might have been obtained had such orders been
placed independently. Under this procedure, transactions will be averaged as to price and
will be allocated among clients in proportion to the purchase and sale orders placed for
each client account on any given day. The Registrant shall not receive any additional
compensation or remuneration as a result of such aggregation.
Item 13
Review of Accounts
A. For those clients to whom Registrant provides investment supervisory services, account
reviews are conducted on an ongoing basis by the Registrant's Members. All investment
supervisory clients are advised that it remains their responsibility to advise the Registrant
of any changes in their investment objectives and/or financial situation. All clients (in
person or via telephone) are encouraged to review financial planning issues (to the extent
applicable), investment objectives and account performance with the Registrant on an
annual basis.
B. The Registrant may conduct account reviews on an other than periodic basis upon the
occurrence of a triggering event, such as a change in client investment objectives and/or
financial situation, market corrections and client request.
C. Clients are provided with transaction confirmation notices and regular summary account
statements directly from the broker-dealer/custodian and/or program sponsor for the client
accounts.
Item 14
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. As referenced in Item 12.A.1 above, the Registrant receives an economic benefit from
Fidelity. The Registrant, without cost (and/or at a discount), receives support services
and/or products from Fidelity.
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There is no corresponding commitment made by the Registrant to Fidelity or any other
entity to invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual
funds, securities or other investment products as a result of the above arrangement.
B. Registrant does not compensate unaffiliated individuals or entities for client referrals.
Item 15
Custody
The Registrant shall have the ability to have its advisory and planning and consulting fee
for each client debited by the custodian on a quarterly basis. Clients are provided with
transaction confirmation notices and regular summary account statements directly from the
broker-dealer/custodian and/or program sponsor for the client accounts.
To the extent that the Registrant provides clients with recent account statements or reports,
the client is urged to compare any statement or report provided by the Registrant with the
account statements received from the account custodian.
Clients are advised that the account custodian does not verify the accuracy of the
Registrant’s advisory fee calculation.
In addition, Registrant and/or certain of its members engage in other services and/or
practices requiring disclosure at Item 9 of Part 1 of Form ADV. While certain of these
practices and/or services are not subject to an annual surprise CPA examination in
accordance with the guidance provided in the SEC’s February 21, 2017 Investment Adviser
Association No-Action Letter, other services and practices result in Registrant having
custody under Rule 206(4)-2 of the Advisers Act. Per the Rule, having such custody
requires Registrant to undergo an annual surprise CPA examination, and make a
corresponding Form ADV-E filing with the SEC, for as long as Registrant provides such
services and/or engages in such practices.
Item 16
Investment Discretion
The client can determine to engage the Registrant to provide investment advisory services
on a discretionary basis. Prior to the Registrant assuming discretionary authority over a
client’s account, the client shall be required to execute Investment Advisory Agreement,
naming the Registrant as the client’s attorney and agent in fact, granting the Registrant full
authority to buy, sell, or otherwise effect investment transactions involving the assets in
the client’s name found in the discretionary account.
Clients who engage the Registrant on a discretionary basis may, at any time, impose
restrictions, in writing, on the Registrant’s discretionary authority. (i.e., limit the
types/amounts of particular securities purchased for their account, exclude the ability to
purchase securities with an inverse relationship to the market, limit or proscribe the
Registrant’s use of margin, etc.).
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Item 17
Voting Client Securities
A. The Registrant does not vote client proxies, except in very limited circumstances, as noted
below. Typically, clients shall maintain exclusive responsibility for: (1) directing the
manner in which proxies solicited by issuers of securities beneficially owned by the client
shall be voted, and (2) making all elections relative to any mergers, acquisitions, tender
offers, bankruptcy proceedings or other type events pertaining to the client’s investment
assets.
• The Registrant may be engaged by a trust to provide investment management services.
In certain instances, the Registrant will be required by a Corporate Trustee to vote
proxies on behalf of that trust. If the Registrant is engaged in this capacity, by a
Corporate Trustee, the Registrant shall be responsible for voting proxies on behalf of
the trust. The Registrant shall vote proxies in accordance with the terms of its Proxy
Voting Policy, which is available upon request. Proxy solicitations in connection with
the trust(s) will be directed to the Registrant.
B. Excepted as noted above, clients will receive their proxies or other solicitations directly
from their custodian. Clients may contact the Registrant to discuss any questions they may
have with a particular solicitation.
Item 18
Financial Information
A. The Registrant does not solicit fees of more than $1,200, per client, six months or more in
advance.
B. The Registrant is unaware of any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its
ability to meet its contractual commitments relating to its discretionary authority over
certain client accounts.
C. The Registrant has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer/Chief Operating Officer, Jean Paul Atallah,
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above disclosures and arrangements.
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