Overview
Assets Under Management: $134 million
Headquarters: HOUSTON, TX
High-Net-Worth Clients: 45
Average Client Assets: $3 million
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (ADV PART 2A)
Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
---|---|---|
$0 | $500,000 | 1.75% |
$500,001 | $1,000,000 | 1.50% |
$1,000,001 | and above | 1.25% |
Illustrative Fee Rates
Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
---|---|---|
$1 million | $16,250 | 1.62% |
$5 million | $66,250 | 1.32% |
$10 million | $128,750 | 1.29% |
$50 million | $628,750 | 1.26% |
$100 million | $1,253,750 | 1.25% |
Clients
Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 45
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 85.73
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $3 million
Total Client Accounts: 314
Discretionary Accounts: 314
Regulatory Filings
CRD Number: 154962
Last Filing Date: 2024-04-30 00:00:00
Website: HTTP://LIVEOAKWAG.COM
Form ADV Documents
Primary Brochure: ADV PART 2A (2025-03-13)
View Document Text
Item 1
Cover Page
Live Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo Investment Group
ADV Part 2A, Firm Brochure
Dated: March 13, 2025
SEC No.: 801-122404
Contact: Jonathan Solo, Chief Compliance Officer
3730 Kirby Drive, Suite 1200
Houston, Texas 77030
281-822-9200
www.liveoakwag.com
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Live
Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo Investment Group (“LOWAG” or the
“Firm”). If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact us at
(281) 822-9200 or jsolo@liveoakwag.com. The information in this Brochure has not been
approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any
state securities authority.
Live Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo Investment Group is a registered
investment adviser. Registration of an Investment Adviser does not imply any level of skill
or training. The oral and written communications of an Adviser provide you with
information you may use to determine to hire or retain an Adviser.
Additional information about Live Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo
Investment Group also is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You
can search this site using a unique identifying number, known as a CRD number. LOWAG’s
CRD number is 154962.
Item 2
Material Changes
There have been no material changes in this brochure from the last annual updating amendment of Live
Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo Investment Group on March 27, 2024. Material
changes relate to Live Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo Investment Group’s policies,
practices or conflicts of interests.
Certain non-material changes have been made at Item 4 to enhance disclosure regarding our advisory
services. Item 7 has been revised regarding our account minimums. Item 8 has been amended to provide
additional information regarding our strategies.
Table of Contents
Item 3
Item 2 Material Changes .............................................................................................................................. 2
Item 3 Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................. 2
Item 4 Advisory Business ............................................................................................................................. 3
Item 5 Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................................... 10
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ............................................................... 12
Item 7 Types of Clients .............................................................................................................................. 13
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ....................................................... 13
Item 9 Disciplinary Information ................................................................................................................. 20
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ................................................................... 20
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ............... 20
Item 12 Brokerage Practices ..................................................................................................................... 21
Item 13 Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................... 24
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................................... 24
Item 15 Custody ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Item 16
Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 26
Item 17 Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................. 27
Financial Information .................................................................................................................. 27
Item 18
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Item 4
Advisory Business
A. Live Oak Wealth Advisory Group, LLC d/b/a Jobes Solo Investment Group
(“LOWAG”) is a limited liability company formed on August 12, 2010 in the State
of Texas. LOWAG became registered as an Investment Adviser Firm in September
2010. The Firm is owned by Jonathan Solo. Jonathan Solo is the Firm’s Managing
Member.
B. As discussed below, LOWAG offers to its clients (individuals, high net worth
individuals, trusts, and estates) investment advisory services, and, to the extent
specifically requested by a client, financial planning and related consulting services.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The client can determine to engage LOWAG to provide discretionary and/or non-
discretionary investment advisory services on a fee basis as discussed at Item 5
below. LOWAG’s annual investment advisory fee is based upon a percentage (%)
of the market value of the assets placed under the Firm’s management. Before
engaging LOWAG to provide investment advisory services, clients are generally
required to enter into an Investment Advisory Agreement with LOWAG setting
forth the terms and conditions of the engagement (including termination),
describing the scope of the services to be provided, and the fee that is due from the
client. To commence the investment advisory process, LOWAG will ascertain each
client’s investment objective(s) and then allocate the client’s assets consistent with
the client’s designated investment objective(s). Once allocated, LOWAG provides
ongoing supervision of the account(s).
For individual retail (i.e., non-institutional) clients, LOWAG's annual investment
advisory fee shall include investment advisory services, and, to the extent
specifically requested by the client, financial planning and consulting services. In
the event that the client requires extraordinary planning and/or consultation services
(to be determined in the sole discretion of LOWAG), LOWAG may determine to
charge for such additional services, the dollar amount of which shall be set forth in
a separate written notice to the client.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES
To the extent requested by a client, LOWAG may determine to provide financial
planning and/or consulting services (including investment and non-investment
related matters, including estate planning, insurance planning, etc.) on a stand-alone
separate fee basis. Prior to engaging LOWAG to provide planning or consulting
services, clients are generally required to enter into a Financial Planning and
Consulting Agreement, setting forth the terms and conditions of the engagement
(including termination), describing the scope of the services to be provided, and the
portion of the fee that is due from the client prior to LOWAG commencing services.
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If requested by the client, LOWAG may recommend the services of other
professionals for implementation purposes. (See disclosure at Item 10 C.8). The
client is under no obligation to engage the services of any such recommended
professional. The client retains absolute discretion over all such implementation
decisions and is free to accept or reject any recommendation from LOWAG. Please
Note: If the client engages any such recommended professional, and a dispute
arises thereafter relative to such engagement, the engaged professional shall remain
responsible for resolving any such dispute with the client the client agrees to seek
recourse exclusively from and against the engaged professional. At all times, the
engaged licensed professional([s)] (i.e., attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.),
and not LOWAG, shall be responsible for the quality and competency of the
services provided. Please Also Note: It remains the client’s responsibility to
promptly notify LOWAG if there is ever any change in his/her/its financial situation
or investment objectives for the purpose of reviewing/ evaluating/revising
LOWAG’s previous recommendations and/or services.
MISCELLANEOUS
Limitations of Financial Planning and Non-Investment Consulting and
Implementation Services. As indicated above, to the extent requested by the client,
LOWAG may provide financial planning and related consulting services regarding
non-investment related matters, such as estate planning, tax planning, insurance,
etc. LOWAG believes that it is important for the client to address financial planning
issues on an ongoing basis. . Please Note. LOWAG believes that it is important for
the client to address financial planning issues on an ongoing basis. LOWAG’s
advisory fee, as set forth at Item 5 below, will remain the same regardless of
whether or not the client determines to address financial planning issues with
LOWAG. LOWAG does not serve as a law firm or accounting firm, and no portion
of its services should be construed as legal or accounting services. Accordingly,
LOWAG does not prepare estate planning documents or tax returns. To the extent
requested by a client, LOWAG may recommend the services of other professionals
for certain non-investment implementation purposes (i.e. attorneys, accountants,
insurance agents, etc.). The client is under no obligation to engage the services of
any such recommended professional. The client retains absolute discretion over all
such implementation decisions and is free to accept or reject any recommendation
from LOWAG and/or its representatives. Please Note: If the client engages any
recommended unaffiliated professional, and a dispute arises thereafter relative to
such engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from and against
the engaged professional At all times, the engaged licensed professional[s] (i.e.,
attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.), and not LOWAG, shall be responsible
for the quality and competency of the services provided. Please Also Note- Conflict
of Interest: LOWAG’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jonathan Solo, remains
available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above conflict of interest.
Please Note: Retirement Rollovers Potential for Conflict of Interest: A client or
prospective client leaving an employer typically has four options regarding an
existing retirement plan (and may engage in a combination of these options): (i)
leave the money in the former employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over the assets
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to the new employer’s plan, if one is available and rollovers are permitted, (iii) roll
over to an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account
value (which could, depending upon the client’s age, result in adverse tax
consequences). If LOWAG recommends that a client roll over their retirement plan
assets into an account to be managed by LOWAG, such a recommendation creates
a conflict of interest if LOWAG will earn new (or increase its current) compensation
as a result of the rollover. If LOWAG provides a recommendation as to whether a
client should engage in a rollover or not (whether it is from an employer’s plan or
an existing IRA), LOWAG is acting as a fiduciary within the meaning of Title I of
the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code,
as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. No client is under any
obligation to roll over retirement plan assets to an account managed by LOWAG,
whether it is from an employer’s plan or an existing IRA. LOWAG’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Jonathan Solo, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the potential
for conflict of interest presented by such rollover recommendation.
Custodian Charges-Additional Fees. As discussed below at Item 12 below, when
requested to recommend a broker-dealer/custodian for client accounts, LOWAG
shall generally recommend that Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services
(“Charles Schwab”) and/or Interactive Brokers LLC (“Interactive Brokers”) serve
as the broker-dealer/custodian for client investment management assets. The
specific broker-dealer/custodian recommended could depend upon the scope and
nature of the services required by the client. Broker-dealers such as Schwab charge
brokerage commissions, transaction, and/or other type fees for effecting certain
types of securities transactions (i.e., including transaction fees for certain mutual
funds, dealer spreads, and mark-ups and mark-downs charged for fixed income
transactions, etc.). The types of securities for which transaction fees, commissions,
and/or other type fees (as well as the amount of those fees) shall differ depending
upon the broker-dealer/custodian. While certain custodians, including Schwab,
generally (with exceptions) do not currently charge fees on individual equity
transactions (including ETFs), others do. Please Note: there can be no assurance
that Schwab will not change its transaction fee pricing in the future. Please Also
Note: Interactive Brokers and Schwab may also assess fees to clients who elect to
receive trade confirmations and account statements by regular mail rather than
electronically
Separately Managed Account Programs. LOWAG may allocate (and/or
recommend that the client allocate) a portion of a client’s investment assets among
affiliated Separately Managed Account programs, including Interactive Brokers
Money Manager Marketplace, in accordance with the client’s designated
investment objective(s). In such situations, the Separately Managed Account
Manager shall have day-to-day responsibility for the active discretionary
management of the allocated assets. LOWAG shall continue to render investment
advisory services to the client relative to the ongoing monitoring and review of
account performance, asset allocation and client investment objectives. Factors
which LOWAG shall consider in recommending Separately Managed Account
programs include the client’s designated investment objective(s) as applied to the
Separately Managed Account program: management style, performance,
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reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing, and research.
Independent Managers. LOWAG may allocate (and/or recommend that the client
allocate) a portion of a client’s investment assets among unaffiliated independent
investment managers (“Independent Manager(s)”) in accordance with the client’s
designated investment objective(s). In such situations, the Independent Manager(s)
will have day-to- day responsibility for the active discretionary management of the
allocated assets. LOWAG will continue to render investment supervisory services
to the client relative to the ongoing monitoring and review of account performance,
asset allocation and client investment objectives.
the following factors when recommending
LOWAG generally considers
Independent Manager(s):
investment objective(s),
the client’s designated
management style, performance, reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing,
and research. The investment management fees charged by the designated
Independent Manager(s) are exclusive of, and in addition to, LOWAG’s ongoing
investment advisory fee, which will be disclosed to the client before entering into
the Independent Manager engagement and/or subject to the terms and conditions of
a separate agreement between the client and the Independent Manager(s).
Account Aggregation Platform. LOWAG may provide its clients with access to
one or more online account aggregation platforms (the “Platforms”). The Platforms
allows a client to view their complete asset allocation, including those assets that
LOWAG does not manage (the “Excluded Assets”). LOWAG does not provide
investment management, monitoring, or implementation services for the Excluded
Assets. Unless otherwise specifically agreed to, in writing, LOWAG’ service
relative to the Excluded Assets is limited to reporting only. Therefore, LOWAG
shall not be responsible for the investment performance of the Excluded Assets.
Rather, the client and/or their advisor(s) that maintain management authority for
the Excluded Assets, and not LOWAG, shall be exclusively responsible for such
investment performance. Without limiting the above, LOWAG shall not be
responsible for any implementation error (timing, trading, etc.) relative to the
Excluded Assets. The client may choose to engage LOWAG to manage some or all
of the Excluded Assets pursuant to the terms and conditions of an Investment
Advisory Agreement between LOWAG and the client. The Platforms may also
provide access to other types of information and applications including financial
planning concepts and functionality, which should not, in any manner whatsoever,
be construed as services, advice, or recommendations provided by LOWAG.
Finally, LOWAG shall not be held responsible for any adverse results a client may
experience if the client engages in financial planning or other functions available
on the Platforms without LOWAG’ assistance or oversight.
Use of Mutual and Exchange Traded Funds. Most mutual funds and exchange
traded funds are available directly to the public. Therefore, a prospective client can
obtain many of the funds that may be utilized by LOWAG independent of engaging
LOWAG as an investment advisor. However, if a prospective client determines to
do so, he/she will not receive LOWAG’s initial and ongoing investment advisory
6
services.
In addition to LOWAG’s investment advisory fee described below, and transaction
and/or custodial fees discussed below, clients will also incur, relative to all mutual
fund and exchange traded fund purchases, charges imposed at the fund level (e.g.,
management fees and other fund expenses).
Variable Annuity Sub-divisions. LOWAG may also render discretionary
investment management services to clients relative to variable annuity products that
they may own. In so doing, LOWAG directs the allocation of client assets among the
various mutual fund sub-divisions which comprise the variable annuity product based
upon the investment objectives of the client.
Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, and Digital Assets. For clients who want exposure to
Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, or digital assets, the Firm will advise the client to
consider a potential investment in corresponding exchange traded securities, or an
allocation to separate account managers and/or private funds that provide
cryptocurrency exposure. Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies are digital assets that can be
used for various purposes, including transactions, decentralized applications, and
speculative investments. Most digital assets use blockchain technology, an
advanced cryptographic digital ledger, to secure transactions and validate asset
ownership. Unlike conventional currencies issued and regulated by monetary
authorities, cryptocurrencies generally operate without centralized control, and
their value is determined by market supply and demand. While regulatory oversight
of digital assets has evolved significantly since their inception, they remain subject
to variable regulatory treatment globally, which may impact their risk profile and
liquidity. Bitcoin, cryptocurrency, and digital asset investments are speculative and
subject to extreme price volatility, liquidity constraints, and the potential for total
loss of principal. The speculative nature of digital assets notwithstanding, the
LOWAG may (but is not obligated to) utilize crypto exposure in one or more of its
asset allocation strategies for diversification purposes. Investment in Bitcoin,
cryptocurrencies, or digital assets carry the potential for liquidity constraints,
extreme price volatility, regulatory risk, technological risk, security and custody
risk, and complete loss of principal. Notice to Opt Out: Clients can notify the Firm,
in writing, to exclude cryptocurrency exposure from their accounts. Absent the
Firm’s receipt of such written notice from the client, LOWAG may (but is not
obligated to) utilize cryptocurrency as part of its asset allocation strategies for client
accounts.
Portfolio Activity. LOWAG has a fiduciary duty to provide services consistent
with the client’s best interest. As part of its investment advisory services, LOWAG
will review client portfolios on an ongoing basis to determine if any changes are
necessary based upon various factors, including, but not limited to, investment
performance, market conditions, fund manager tenure, style drift, account
additions/withdrawals, and/or a change in the client’s investment objective. Based
upon these factors, there may be extended periods of time when LOWAG
determines that changes to a client’s portfolio are neither necessary nor prudent.
7
Clients nonetheless remain subject to the fees described in Item 5 below during
periods of account inactivity
Cash Positions. LOWAG continues to treat cash as an asset class. As such, unless
determined to the contrary by LOWAG, all cash positions (money markets, etc.)
shall continue to be included as part of assets under management for purposes of
calculating LOWAG’s advisory fee. At any specific point in time, depending upon
perceived or anticipated market conditions/events (there being no guarantee that
such anticipated market conditions/events will occur), LOWAG may maintain cash
positions for defensive purposes. In addition, while assets are maintained in cash,
such amounts could miss market advances. Depending upon current yields, at any
point in time, LOWAG’s advisory fee could exceed the interest paid by the client’s
money market fund.
Research Signal Provider or Model Provider Arrangements. LOWAG, through
its Quant Strat division, provides research signal provider and investment models
to unaffiliated family offices. Research Signal Provider or Model Provider
Arrangements. Through its QuantStrat division, LOWAG receives quantitative
investment signals and investment models. LOWAG then executes the specified
trades on behalf of clients through its execution partners
Cash Sweep Accounts. Certain account custodians can require that cash proceeds
from account transactions or new deposits, be swept to and/or initially maintained
in a specific custodian designated sweep account. The yield on the sweep account
will generally be lower than those available for other money market accounts.
When this occurs, to help mitigate the corresponding yield dispersion, LOWAG
shall (usually within 30 days thereafter) generally (with exceptions) purchase a
higher yielding money market fund (or other type security) available on the
custodian’s platform, unless LOWAG reasonably anticipates that it will utilize the
cash proceeds during the subsequent 30-day period to purchase additional
investments for the client’s account. Exceptions and/or modifications can and will
occur with respect to all or a portion of the cash balances for various reasons,
including, but not limited to the amount of dispersion between the sweep account
and a money market fund, the size of the cash balance, an indication from the client
of an imminent need for such cash, or the client has a demonstrated history of
writing checks from the account.The above does not apply to the cash component
maintained within a LOWAG actively managed investment strategy (the cash
balances for which shall generally remain in the custodian designated cash sweep
account), an indication from the client of a need for access to such cash, assets
allocated to an unaffiliated investment manager and cash balances maintained for
fee billing purposes. The client shall remain exclusively responsible for yield
dispersion/cash balance decisions and corresponding transactions for cash balances
maintained in any LOWAG unmanaged accounts.
ByAllAccounts and Orion Advisor Services. LOWAG, in conjunction with the
services provided by ByAllAccounts, Inc., and Orion may also provide periodic
comprehensive reporting services which can incorporate all of the client’s
8
investment assets, including those investment assets that are not part of the assets
managed by LOWAG (the “Excluded Assets”). The client and/or their other
advisors that maintain trading authority, and not LOWAG, shall be
exclusively responsible for the investment performance of the Excluded Assets.
Unless otherwise specifically agreed to, in writing, LOWAG’s service relative to
the Excluded Assets is limited to reporting only. The sole exception to the above
shall be if LOWAG is specifically engaged to monitor and/or allocate the assets
within the client’s 401(k) account maintained away at the custodian directed by the
client’s employer. As such, except with respect to the client’s 401(k) account (if
applicable), LOWAG does not maintain any trading authority for the Excluded
Assets. Rather, the client and/or the client’s designated other investment
professional(s) maintain supervision, monitoring and trading authority for the
Excluded Assets. If LOWAG were asked to make a recommendation as to any
Excluded Assets, the client is under absolutely no obligation to accept the
recommendation, and LOWAG shall not be responsible for any implementation
error (timing, trading, etc.) relative to the Excluded Assets. In the event the client
desires that LOWAG provide investment management services for the Excluded
Assets, the client may engage LOWAG to do so pursuant to the terms and conditions
of the Investment Advisory Agreement between LOWAG and the client.
Cybersecurity Risk. The information technology systems and networks that
LOWAG and its third-party service providers use to provide services to LOWAG’s
clients employ various controls that are designed to prevent cybersecurity incidents
stemming from intentional or unintentional actions that could cause significant
interruptions in LOWAG’s operations and/or result in the unauthorized acquisition
or use of clients’ confidential or non-public personal information. In accordance
with Regulation S-P, LOWAG is committed to protecting the privacy and security
of its clients' non-public personal information by implementing appropriate
administrative, technical, and physical safeguards. LOWAG has established
processes to mitigate the risks of cybersecurity incidents, including the requirement
to restrict access to such sensitive data and to monitor its systems for potential
breaches. Clients and LOWAG are nonetheless subject to the risk of cybersecurity
incidents that could ultimately cause them to incur financial losses and/or other
adverse consequences. Although the LOWAG has established processes to reduce
the risk of cybersecurity incidents, there is no guarantee that these efforts will
always be successful, especially considering that the LOWAG does not control the
cybersecurity measures and policies employed by third-party service providers,
issuers of securities, broker-dealers, qualified custodians, governmental and other
regulatory authorities, exchanges, and other financial market operators and
providers. In compliance with Regulation S-P, the LOWAG will notify clients in
the event of a data breach involving their non-public personal information as
required by applicable state and federal laws.
Please Note: Non-Discretionary Service Limitations. Clients that determine to
engage LOWAG on a non-discretionary investment advisory basis must be willing
to accept that the Firm cannot effect any account transactions without obtaining
prior verbal consent to any such transaction(s) from the client. Thus, in the event
9
of a market correction during which the client is unavailable, LOWAG will be
unable to effect any account transactions (as it would for its discretionary clients)
without first obtaining the client’s verbal consent.
Client Obligations. In performing its services, LOWAG shall not be required to
verify any information received from the client or from the client’s other
professionals, and is expressly authorized to rely thereon. Moreover, each client is
advised that it remains his/her/its responsibility to promptly notify LOWAG if there
is ever any change in his/her/its financial situation or investment objectives for the
purpose of reviewing/ evaluating/revising LOWAG’s previous recommendations
and/or services.
Disclosure Brochure. A copy of LOWAG’s written Brochure and the Client
Relationship Summary, as set forth on Part 2A of Form ADV and Form CRS,
respectively, shall be provided to each client prior to, or contemporaneously with,
the execution of the Investment Advisory Agreement or Financial Planning and
Consulting Agreement.
C. LOWAG shall provide investment advisory services specific to the needs of each
client. Prior to providing investment advisory services, an investment adviser
representative will ascertain each client’s investment objective(s). Thereafter,
LOWAG shall allocate and/or recommend that the client allocate investment assets
consistent with the designated investment objective(s). The client may, at any time,
impose reasonable restrictions, in writing, on LOWAG’s services.
D. LOWAG does not participate in a wrap fee program.
E. As of December 2024, LOWAG had $ 143,024,276 in assets under management on a
discretionary basis and $0.00 in assets under management on a non-discretionary
basis. LOWAG also has assets under advisement of approximately $260,000,000.
Item 5
Fees and Compensation
A.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
If a client determines to engage LOWAG to provide discretionary and/or non-
discretionary investment advisory services on a fee basis, LOWAG’s annual
investment advisory fee shall be based upon a percentage (%) of the market value
and type of assets placed under LOWAG’s management (between negotiable and
1.75%), as follows:
Market Value of Portfolio
$0 - $500,000
$501,000 - $1,000,000
> $1,000,000
Annual Fee %
1.75%
1.50%
1.25%
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LOWAG's annual investment advisory fee shall include investment advisory
services, and, to the extent specifically requested by the client, financial planning
and consulting services. In the event that the client requires extraordinary planning
and/or consultation services (to be determined in the sole discretion of LOWAG),
LOWAG may determine to charge for such additional services, the dollar amount
of which shall be set forth in a separate written notice to the client.
Please Note: Certain clients may subject to a legacy fee schedule ( generally 1.00%
of assets under management on an annual basis) and billed on a monthly basis in
arrears based upon the average daily balance in their account during the previous
month.
The manner in which each client is to be billed will be specified in their investment
advisory agreement.
LOWAG adjusts its fee billing for intra-period additions to or withdrawals from,
managed accounts in excess of 25% of the current account balance.
Fee Dispersion. LOWAG, in its discretion, may charge a lesser or higher
investment advisory fee, charge a flat fee, waive applicable minimum asset or
minimum fee levels, waive its fee entirely, or charge a fee on a different interval,
based upon certain criteria (i.e., anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated
future additional assets, dollar amount of assets to be managed, related accounts,
account composition, complexity of the engagement, anticipated services to be
rendered, grandfathered fee schedules, employees and family members, courtesy
accounts, competition, negotiations with client, etc.). Please Note: As result of the
above, similarly situated clients could pay different fees. In addition, similar
advisory services may be available from other investment advisers for similar or
lower fees.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
To the extent requested by a client, LOWAG may determine to provide financial
planning and/or consulting services (including investment and non-investment
related matters, including estate planning, insurance planning, etc.) on a stand-alone
fee basis. LOWAG’s planning and consulting fees are negotiable, but generally
range from $1,250 to $5,000 on a fixed fee basis, and from $125 to $250 on an
hourly rate basis, depending upon the level and scope of the service(s) required and
the professional(s) rendering the service(s).
B. Clients may elect to have the Firm’s advisory fees deducted from their custodial
account. Both LOWAG's Investment Advisory Agreement and the custodial/
clearing agreement may authorize the custodian to debit the account for the amount
of LOWAG's investment advisory fee and to directly remit that management fee to
LOWAG in compliance with regulatory procedures. In the limited event that
11
LOWAG bills the client directly, payment is due upon receipt of LOWAG’s
invoice. LOWAG shall deduct fees and/or bill clients quarterly in advance, based
upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter.
C. As discussed below, unless the client directs otherwise or an individual client’s
circumstances require, LOWAG shall generally recommend that Charles Schwab
& Co., Inc. Advisor Services (“Charles Schwab”) and/or Interactive Brokers LLC
(“Interactive Brokers”) serve as the broker-dealer/custodian for client investment
management assets. Broker-dealers such as Charles Schwab and Interactive
Brokers charge brokerage commissions and/or transaction fees for effecting certain
securities transactions (i.e. transaction fees are charged for certain no-load mutual
funds, commissions are charged for individual equity and fixed income securities
transactions). Clients will incur, in addition to LOWAG’s investment management
fee, brokerage commissions and/or transaction fees, and, relative to all mutual fund
and exchange traded fund purchases, charges imposed at the fund level (e.g.
management fees and other fund expenses).
D. The Firm's annual investment advisory fee shall be prorated and paid quarterly, in
advance, based upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of the
previous quarter. The Investment Advisory Agreement between LOWAG and the
client will continue in effect until terminated by either party by written notice in accordance
with the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement. Upon termination, LOWAG shall
refund the pro-rated portion of the advanced advisory fee paid based upon the number of
days remaining in the billing quarter.
E. The Firm does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment
advisors that it recommends or selects for its clients.
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
LOWAG may also enter into performance fee arrangements with individual clients
who qualify under Rule 205-3 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (i.e., a client
who has at least $1.1 million in portfolio assets managed by LOWAG, or who
together with their spouse have a net worth of at least $2.2 million, excluding their
principal residence. Clients are advised that performance- based fees involve a
sharing of any portfolio gains between the client and the investment manager. Such
performance-based fees create an economic incentive for LOWAG to take
additional risks in the management of a client portfolio that may be in conflict with
the client’s current investment objectives and tolerance for risk. Please Also Note:
Conflict Of Interest. Because performance fee (incentive) arrangements permit
LOWAG and/or its affiliates to earn compensation in excess of its standard asset-
based fee schedule referenced in Item 5 above, the recommendation that a client
enter into a performance fee arrangement (or become a Fund investor) presents a
conflict of interest. No client is under any obligation to enter into a performance fee
arrangement or become a Fund investor.
Performance-based fees may only be offered to clients who meet one of the
12
following criteria:
•
A natural person who or a company that immediately after entering into the
contract has at least $1,100,000 under the management of the investment
adviser
•
A natural person who or a company that the investment adviser entering
into the contract (and any person acting on his behalf) reasonably believes,
immediately prior to entering into the contract, either:
•
Has a net worth (together, in the case of a natural person, with assets held
jointly with a spouse, excluding principal residence) of more than
$2,200,000, at the time the contract is entered into; or
•
Is a qualified purchaser as defined in section 2(a)(51)(AA) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(51)(A)) at the time the contract is
entered into; or
A natural person who immediately prior to entering into the contract is:
•
•
An executive officer, director, trustee, general partner, or person serving in
similar capacity of the investment adviser; or
•
An employee of the investment adviser (other than an employee performing
solely clerical, secretarial, or administrative functions with regard to the
investment adviser) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or
duties, participates in the investment activities of such investment adviser,
provided that such employee has been performing such functions and duties
for or on behalf of the investment adviser, or substantially similar functions
or duties for or on behalf of another company for at least 12 months.
Item 7
Types of Clients
The Firm’s clients shall generally include individuals, high net worth individuals,
trusts, and estates. LOWAG does not generally require an annual minimum fee or
asset level for investment advisory services. LOWAG, in its sole discretion, may
charge a lesser investment management fee based upon certain criteria (i.e.
anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar
amount of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition,
negotiations with client, etc.). A minimum of $1,000,000 of assets under
management is required for our services. This account size may be negotiable under
certain circumstances
Item 8
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. The Firm may utilize the following methods of security analysis,:
• Charting - (analysis performed using patterns to identify current trends and
13
trend reversals to forecast the direction of prices)
• Fundamental - (analysis performed on historical and present data, with the
goal of making financial forecasts)
• Technical – (analysis performed on historical and present data, focusing on
price and trade volume, to forecast the direction of prices)
• Cyclical – (analysis performed on historical relationships between price and
market trends, to forecast the direction of prices)
The Firm may utilize the following investment strategies when implementing
investment advice given to clients:
• Long Term Purchases (securities held at least a year)
• Short Term Purchases (securities sold within a year)
• Trading (securities sold within thirty (30) days)
• Short Sales (contracted sale of borrowed securities with an obligation to
make the lender whole)
• Margin Transactions (use of borrowed assets to purchase financial
instruments)
• Options (contract for the purchase or sale of a security at a predetermined
price during a specific period of time)
Please Note: Investment Risk. Different types of investments involve varying
degrees of risk, and it should not be assumed that future performance of any specific
investment or investment strategy (including the investments and/or investment
strategies recommended or undertaken by LOWAG) will be profitable or equal any
specific performance level(s).
B. The Firm’s methods of analysis and investment strategies do not present any
significant or unusual risks.
Notwithstanding, every method of analysis has its own inherent risks. To perform
an accurate market analysis LOWAG must have access to current/new market
information. The Firm has no control over the dissemination rate of market
information; therefore, unbeknownst to LOWAG, certain analyses may be
compiled with outdated market information, severely limiting the value of
LOWAG’s analysis. Furthermore, an accurate market analysis can only produce a
forecast of the direction of market values. There can be no assurances that a
forecasted change in market value will materialize into actionable and/or profitable
investment opportunities.
The Firm’s primary investment strategies - Long Term Purchases, Short Term
Purchases, and Trading - are fundamental investment strategies. However, every
investment strategy has its own inherent risks and limitations. For example, longer
term investment strategies require a longer investment time period to allow for the
strategy to potentially develop. Shorter term investment strategies require a shorter
investment time period to potentially develop but, as a result of more frequent
14
trading, may incur higher transactional costs when compared to a longer term
investment strategy. Trading, an investment strategy that requires the purchase and
sale of securities within a thirty (30) day investment time period, involves a very
short investment time period but will incur higher transaction costs when compared
to a short term investment strategy and substantially higher transaction costs than a
longer term investment strategy.
The Firm implements Adaptive Asset Management strategies with a focus on
downside risk protection. The Firm’s systematic investment strategies are based
upon foundation of quantitative mathematical algorithms designed to navigate
different market conditions. By combining proprietary risk/reward models with a
disciplined, adaptive approach, the Firm seeks to deliver:
Downside Risk Limitation: Prioritizing the preservation of capital by emphasizing
risk management.
Upside Potential: Capturing income and capital appreciation during favorable
risk/reward conditions.
Non-Correlated Returns: Generating consistent performance with lower volatility
over the medium to long term, independent of market direction.
Our strategies focus on minimizing drawdowns through meticulous risk analysis
while seizing opportunities for growth when conditions align with our risk/reward
parameters. With capital preservation as our guiding principle, we seek to provide
consistent returns in the following strategies:
1) ADAPTIVE HIGH YIELD INCOME STRATEGY
This strategy employs a mathematically driven algorithm that focuses on low
volatility and momentum anomalies. The strategy represents a potential fixed
income alternative that utilizes highly liquid treasury bonds, high yield bonds and
cash equivalents through investment in mutual funds and ETFs. Exposure to each
asset is adaptively managed with the goal of earning income and achieving capital
appreciation, while minimizing potential drawdowns.
2) ADAPTIVE MULTI-ASSET INCOME STRATEGY
This strategy employs a mathematically driven algorithm that focuses on the
volatility and momentum characteristic of changing market conditions. This is an
income-focused strategy that invests in treasuries, high yield, equity, and cash
equivalent mutual funds and ETFs. The strategy’s core objective is to seek a
combination of capital appreciation and income while minimizing potential
drawdowns by adaptively managing exposure to each asset class.
3) ADAPTIVE GLOBAL EQUITY GROWTH STRATEGY
This strategy employs a mathematically driven algorithm that focuses on the
volatility and momentum anomalies. This is a capital appreciation strategy focused
on equities that invests in US Indices, Global indices, alternative asset classes, US
15
sectors, and cash equivalents through the use of mutual funds and ETFs. Exposure
to each asset is adaptively managed and designed to achieve capital appreciation,
while minimizing potential drawdowns.
In addition to the fundamental investment strategies discussed above, LOWAG
may also implement and/or recommend – short selling, use of margin, and/or
options transactions. Each of these strategies has a high level of inherent risk. (See
discussion below).
Short Sales. Short selling, which involves the selling of assets that the investor
does not own, is an investment strategy with a high level of inherent risk. The
investor borrows the assets from a third party lender (i.e. Broker-Dealer) with the
obligation of buying identical assets at a later date to return to the third party lender.
Individuals who engage in this activity shall only profit from a decline in the price
of the assets between the original date of sale and the date of repurchase.
Conversely, the short seller will incur a loss if the price of the assets rises. Other
costs of shorting may include a fee for borrowing the assets and payment of any
dividends paid on the borrowed assets.
Margin Transactions. A margin transaction strategy, in which an investor uses
borrowed assets to purchase financial instruments, involves a high level of inherent
risk. The investor generally obtains the borrowed assets by using other securities as
collateral for the borrowed sum. The effect of purchasing a security using margin
is to magnify any gains or losses sustained by the purchase of the financial
instruments on margin. Please note: To the extent that a client authorizes the use
of margin, and margin is thereafter employed by LOWAG in the management of
the client’s investment portfolio, the market value of the client’s account and
corresponding fee payable by the client to LOWAG may be increased. As a result,
in addition to understanding and assuming the additional principal risks associated
with the use of margin, clients authorizing margin are advised of the potential
conflict of interest whereby the client’s decision to employ margin may
correspondingly increase the management fee payable to LOWAG. Accordingly,
the decision as to whether to employ margin is left totally to the discretion of client.
the
Options Strategies. The use of options transactions as an investment strategy
involves a high level of inherent risk. Option transactions establish a contract
between two parties concerning the buying or selling of an asset at a predetermined
price during a specific period of time. During the term of the option contract, the
buyer of the option gains the right to demand fulfillment by the seller. Fulfillment
may take the form of either selling or purchasing a security depending upon the
nature of the option contract. Generally, the purchase or the recommendation to
purchase an option contract by LOWAG shall be with
intent of
offsetting/”hedging” a potential market risk in a client’s portfolio. Please Note:
Although the intent of the options-related transactions that may be implemented by
LOWAG is to hedge against principal risk, certain of the options-related strategies
(i.e. straddles, short positions, etc.), may, in and of themselves, produce principal
16
volatility and/or risk. Thus, a client must be willing to accept these enhanced
volatility and principal risks associated with such strategies. In light of these
enhanced risks, client may direct LOWAG, in writing, not to employ any or all such
strategies for his/her/their/its accounts.
For detailed information on the use of options and option strategies, please refer to
the Option Clearing Corp.’s Option Disclosure Document, which can be found at:
http://www.optionsclearing.com/components/docs/riskstoc.pdf
Hard copies may be ordered by calling 1-888-678-4667 or writing OCC, 1 North
Wacker Drive, Suite 500 Chicago, Il 60606.
Please Note: Inverse/Enhanced Market Strategies. LOWAG may utilize long
and short mutual funds and/or exchange traded funds that are designed to perform
in either an: (1) inverse relationship to certain market indices (at a rate of 1 or more
times the inverse (opposite) result of the corresponding index) as an investment
strategy and/or for the purpose of hedging against downside market risk; and (2)
enhanced relationship to certain market indices (at a rate of 1 or more times the
actual result of the corresponding index) as an investment strategy and/or for the
purpose of increasing gains in an advancing market. There can be no assurance that
any such strategy will prove profitable or successful. To the contrary, such funds
and/or strategy or strategies can suffer substantial losses. In light of these enhanced
risks/rewards, a client may direct LOWAG, in writing, not to employ any or all
such strategies for his/her/their/its accounts. There can be no assurance that any
such strategy will prove profitable or successful. In light of these enhanced
risks/rewards, a client may direct LOWAG, in writing, not to employ any or all
such strategies for his/her/their/its accounts.
Hedge funds are not suitable for all investors and involve a high degree of risk due
to several factors that may contribute to above average gains or significant losses.
Such factors include leveraging or other speculative investment practices,
commodity trading, complex tax structures, a lack of transparency in the underlying
investments, and generally the absence of a secondary market. Hedge funds often
engage in leveraging and other speculative investment practices that may increase
the risk of investment loss; are not required to provide periodic pricing or valuation
information to investors; may involve complex tax structures and delays in
distributing important tax information; and are not subject to the same regulatory
requirements as mutual funds.
Exchange-Traded Notes. LOWAG may also utilize and/or recommend that a
client utilize exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”). ETNs are a type of debt security that
trade on exchanges and seek a return linked to a market index or other benchmark.
ETNs are unsecured debt securities issued by an underwriting bank. They have a
maturity date and are backed only by the credit of the underwriting bank. ETNs are
linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark(s) or strategy and upon
maturity, the underwriting bank promises to pay the amount reflected in the
benchmark index minus fees. ETNs are only linked to the performance of a
17
benchmark; they do not actually own the benchmark index. ETNs face the risk that
the credit rating of the underwriting bank may be reduced or the underwriting bank
may go bankrupt, thus reducing the value of the ETN. Even though ETNs are not
equities or index funds, they may also face some of the risks of investing in equities
or index funds. The return on an ETN generally depends on price changes if the
ETN is sold prior to maturity (as with stocks or ETFs) or on the payment, if any, of
a distribution if the ETN is held to maturity (as with some other structured
products).
Use of Margin and Securities Based Loans. LOWAG generally does not
recommend the use of margin loans or securities-based loans (collectively, “SBLs”)
as a leveraged investment strategy, in which the account would leverage borrowed
assets as collateral for the purchase of additional securities. However, client
accounts may maintain the ability to use margin, including in connection the use of
options, discussed further above. Clients also generally retain the ability to establish
a margin account with the client’s broker-dealer/custodian or their affiliated banks
(each, an “SBL Lender”) to access SBLs for financial planning and cash flow
management purposes. The client is never under any obligation to establish an SBL
and may restrict LOWAG’s ability to utilize SBLs in managing the client’s account
at any time, in writing.
The terms and conditions of each SBL are contained in a separate agreement
between the client and the SBL Lender selected by the client, which terms and
conditions may vary from client to client. Borrowing funds on margin is not suitable
for all clients and is subject to certain risks, including but not limited to those
described below. Before agreeing to participate in an SBL program, clients should
carefully review the applicable SBL agreement and all risk disclosures provided by
the SBL Lender including the initial margin and maintenance requirements for the
specific program in which the client enrolls, and the procedures for issuing “margin
calls” and liquidating securities and other assets in the client’s accounts. The
following describes some of the risks associated with SBLs, which LOWAG
recommends that clients consider before participating in an SBL program:
1. Increased Portfolio Risk, Including the Risk for Potential Losses in the Event
of a Downturn: Borrowing money on margin increases a client’s level of
exposure to market risk and volatility. The more money a client borrows on
margin, the greater the market risk. This is especially true in the event of a
significant downturn in the value of the assets used to collateralize the SBL. In
some circumstances, clients may lose more money than they originally invested
and borrowed. As the marginable investments in a client’s portfolio provide the
collateral for the SBL, the value of that collateral fluctuates according to market
activity, while the amount the client borrows stays the same.
2. The Potential Obligation to Post Collateral or Repay the SBL if the SBL Lender
Determines that the Value of Collateralized Securities is No Longer Sufficient
to Support the Value of the SBL: The SBL requires a certain minimum value of
equity to continue service of the SBL (the “Maintenance Requirement”). If the
18
value of the client’s portfolio securities decline in value, so does the value of
the collateral supporting the SBL. If the value of the SBL collateral declines to
an amount where it is no longer sufficient to support the borrower’s line of
credit or loan, the SBL Lender will issue a “Maintenance Call” (also referred to
as a “margin call”). In that event, the client would be required to post additional
collateral or repay the SBL within a specified period of time. The SBL Lender
is also commonly entitled to increase its Maintenance Requirement at any time,
without having to provide prior written notice to the borrower. As a result,
borrowers are subject to risk of repayment of the loan and should be aware of
such risks when foregoing a traditional mortgage to finance a real estate
purchase.
3. The Risk that the SBL Lender may Liquidate the Client’s Securities to Satisfy
its Demand for Additional Collateral or Repayment: The SBL Lender
commonly reserves the right to render the borrower’s repayment immediately
due, and/or terminate the SBL at any time without cause, at which point, the
outstanding SBL balance would become immediately due and payable.
However, if the borrower is unable to add additional collateral to their account
or repay the loan with readily available cash, the SBL Lender can typically
liquidate the borrower’s securities and keep the cash to satisfy the Maintenance
Call. When liquidating the securities of the borrower’s investment portfolio, the
SBL Lender usually reserves the right to decide which securities to sell to
protect its interests, and is not necessarily required to provide written notice of
its intentions to liquidate. Accordingly, clients who borrow money through an
SBL should be aware if this risk and that such risk is not limited to the margin
in the client’s account, which could result in the client having to owe additional
money or collateral to the SBL Lender after the positions are liquidated. It is
therefore possible that a client can lose more money than what the client
originally invested into the portfolio. 4. Liquidity Risk: SBLs also have a
significant effect on the liquidity of a client’s portfolio. Namely, a security
(whether an equity, mutual fund or ETF) that is used as collateral for an SBL
loses its liquidity as long as the SBL is outstanding. Decreased liquidity
increases portfolio risk and restricts a client’s access to their funds, which
clients should strongly consider before using an SBL.
5. Impact on Advisory Fees: LOWAG’s fee is generally calculated based on
assets under LOWAG’s management, net of any outstanding SBL balance. This
incentivizes LOWAG to recommend that clients pay off any outstanding SBL
balances, as such outstanding balances reduce the asset base upon which
LOWAG’s fee is based. If margin is used either by LOWAG or the client to
purchase assets that LOWAG will manage, LOWAG would not include the
entire market value of the margined assets when computing its advisory fee.
Further, if LOWAG recommends that a client apply for an SBL instead of selling
securities that LOWAG manages for a fee to meet liquidity purposes, the
recommendation presents a conflict of interest because selling those securities
(instead of leveraging those securities to access an SBL) would decrease
LOWAG’s investment advisory fee.
19
C. Currently, LOWAG primarily allocates client investment assets among various
individual equity and fixed income securities, mutual funds and/or exchange traded
funds (“ETFs”) (including inverse ETFs and/or mutual funds that are designed to
perform in an inverse relationship to certain market indices), on a discretionary and
non-discretionary basis in accordance with the client’s designated investment
objective(s).
Item 9
Disciplinary Information
LOWAG has not been the subject of any disciplinary actions.
Item 10
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Neither LOWAG, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application
pending to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-
dealer.
B. Neither LOWAG, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application
pending to register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a
commodity trading advisor, or a representative of the foregoing.
C. LOWAG has no financial industry activity or affiliation that is responsive to this section.
D. The Firm does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment
advisors that it recommends or selects for its clients.
Item 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
A. The Firm maintains an investment policy relative to personal securities
transactions. This investment policy is part of LOWAG’s overall Code of Ethics,
which serves to establish a standard of business conduct for all of LOWAG’s
Representatives that is based upon fundamental principles of openness, integrity,
honesty and trust, a copy of which is available upon request.
In accordance with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, LOWAG
also maintains and enforces written policies reasonably designed to prevent the
misuse of material non-public information by LOWAG or any person associated
with LOWAG.
Neither Live Oak, nor any related person of Live Oak recommends, buys, or sells
for client accounts, securities in which Live Oak or any related person of Live Oak
has a material financial interest. The Firm and/or representatives of the Firm may
20
buy or sell securities that are also recommended to clients. This practice may create
a situation where LOWAG and/or representatives of LOWAG are in a position to
materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this
situation creates a potential conflict of interest. Practices such as “scalping” (i.e., a
practice whereby the owner of shares of a security recommends that security for
investment and then immediately sells it at a profit upon the rise in the market price
which follows the recommendation) could take place if LOWAG did not have
adequate policies in place to detect such activities. In addition, this requirement can
help detect insider trading, “front-running” (i.e., personal trades executed before
those of LOWAG’s clients) and other potentially abusive practices.
LOWAG has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the
personal securities transactions and securities holdings of each of LOWAG’s
“Access Persons.” LOWAG’s securities transaction policy requires that Access
Person of LOWAG must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee
with a written report of their current securities holdings within ten (10) days after
becoming an Access Person. Furthermore, Access Persons must provide the Chief
Compliance Officer with a quarterly transaction report, detail all trades in the Access
Person’s account during the previous quarter; and on an annual basis, each Access
Person must provide the Chief Compliance Officer with a written report of the
Access Person’s current securities holdings. However, at any time that LOWAG has
only one Access Person, he or she shall not be required to submit any securities
report described above.
B. The Firm and/or representatives of the Firm may buy or sell securities, at or around
the same time as those securities are recommended to clients. This practice creates
a situation where LOWAG and/or representatives of LOWAG are in a position to
materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this
situation creates a potential conflict of interest. As indicated above in Item 11C,
LOWAG has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the
personal securities transaction and securities holdings of each of LOWAG’s Access
Persons.
Item 12
Brokerage Practices
A. In the event that the client requests that LOWAG recommend a broker-
dealer/custodian for execution and/or custodial services (exclusive of those clients
that may direct LOWAG to use a specific broker-dealer/custodian), LOWAG
generally recommends that investment management accounts be maintained at
Interactive Brokers and/or Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services Prior to
engaging LWOAG to provide investment management services, the client will be
required to enter into a formal Investment Advisory Agreement with LOWAG
setting forth the terms and conditions under which LOWAG shall manage the
client's assets, and a separate custodial/clearing agreement with each designated
broker-dealer/custodian.
Factors that LOWAG considers in recommending Interactive Brokers and/or
21
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc, Advisor Services (or any other broker-dealer/custodian
to clients) include historical relationship with LOWAG, financial strength,
reputation, execution capabilities, pricing, research, and service. Although the
commissions and/or transaction fees paid by LOWAG's clients shall comply with
LOWAG's duty to obtain best execution, a client may pay a commission that is
higher than another qualified broker-dealer might charge to effect the same
transaction where LWOAG determines, in good faith, that the commission/
transaction fee is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services received. In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the
lowest possible cost, but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative
execution, taking into consideration the full range of a broker-dealer’s services,
including the value of research provided, execution capability, commission rates,
and responsiveness. Accordingly, although LWOAG will seek competitive rates, it
may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates for client account
transactions. The brokerage commissions or transaction fees charged by the
designated broker-dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in addition to, LWOAG's
investment management fee. LOWAG’s best execution responsibility is qualified
if securities that it purchases for client accounts are mutual funds that trade at net
asset value as determined at the daily market close.
1. Research and Additional Benefits
Although not a material consideration when determining whether to
recommend that a client utilize the services of a particular broker-
dealer/custodian, LOWAG may receive from Interactive Brokers and/or
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services (or another broker-
dealer/custodian, investment platform, unaffiliated investment manager, mutual
fund sponsor, or vendor) without cost (and/or at a discount) support services
and/or products, certain of which assist LOWAG to better monitor and service
client accounts maintained at such institutions. Included within the support
services that may be obtained by LOWAG may be investment-related research,
pricing information and market data, software and other technology that provide
access to client account data, compliance and/or practice management- related
publications, discounted or gratis consulting services, discounted and/or gratis
attendance at conferences, meetings, and other educational and/or social events,
marketing support, computer hardware and/or software and/or other products
used by LOWAG in furtherance of its investment advisory business operations.
As indicated above, certain of the support services and/or products that may be
received may assist LOWAG in managing and administering client accounts.
Others do not directly provide such assistance, but rather assist LOWAG to
manage and further develop its business enterprise.
LOWAG’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or
assets maintained at Interactive Brokers and/or Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Advisor Services as a result of this arrangement. There is no corresponding
commitment made by LOWAG to Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services
22
or any other entity to invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets
in any specific mutual funds, securities or other investment products as a result
of the above arrangement.
The Firm’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jonathan Solo remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above arrangement and any corresponding perceived
conflict of interest such arrangement may create.
2. The Firm does not receive referrals from broker-dealers.
3. The Firm does not generally accept directed brokerage arrangements (when a
client requires that account transactions be effected through a specific broker-
dealer). In such client directed arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and
arrangements for their account with that broker-dealer, and LOWAG will not
seek better execution services or prices from other broker-dealers or be able to
"batch" the client's transactions for execution through other broker-dealers with
orders for other accounts managed by LOWAG. As a result, client may pay
higher commissions or other transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less
favorable net prices, on transactions for the account than would otherwise be
the case.
Please Note: In the event that the client directs LOWAG to effect securities
transactions for the client's accounts through a specific broker-dealer, the client
correspondingly acknowledges that such direction may cause the accounts to
incur higher commissions or transaction costs than the accounts would
otherwise incur had the client determined to effect account transactions through
alternative clearing arrangements that may be available through LOWAG.
Higher transaction costs adversely impact account performance. Please Also
Note: Transactions for directed accounts will generally be executed following
the execution of portfolio transactions for non-directed accounts.
The Firm’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jonathan Solo, remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above arrangement.
B. To the extent that LOWAG provides investment management services to its clients,
the transactions for each client account generally will be effected independently,
unless LOWAG decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients
at approximately the same time. LOWAG may (but is not obligated to) combine or
“bunch” such orders to obtain best execution, to negotiate more favorable
commission rates or to allocate equitably among LOWAG’s clients differences in
prices and commissions or other transaction costs that might have been obtained
had such orders been placed independently. Under this procedure, transactions will
be averaged as to price and will be allocated among clients in proportion to the
purchase and sale orders placed for each client account on any given day. LOWAG
23
shall not receive any additional compensation or remuneration as a result of such
aggregation.
Item 13
Review of Accounts
A. For those clients to whom LOWAG provides investment supervisory services,
account reviews are conducted on an ongoing basis by LOWAG's Principals and/or
representatives. All investment supervisory clients are advised that it remains their
responsibility to advise LOWAG of any changes in their investment objectives
and/or financial situation. All clients (in person or via telephone) are encouraged to
review financial planning issues (to the extent applicable), investment objectives
and account performance with LOWAG on an annual basis.
B. The Firm may conduct account reviews on an other than periodic basis upon the
occurrence of a triggering event, such as a change in client investment objectives
and/or financial situation, market corrections and client request.
C. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation
notices and regular written summary account statements directly from the broker-
dealer/custodian and/or program sponsor for the client accounts. LOWAG may also
provide a written periodic report summarizing account activity and performance.
Item 14
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. As referenced in Item 12.A.1 above, LOWAG may receive an economic benefit
from Charles Schwab. LOWAG, without cost (and/or at a discount), may receive
support services and/or products from Charles Schwab and/or Interactive Brokers.
The Firm’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or
assets maintained at Charles Schwab and/or Interactive Brokers as a result of this
arrangement. There is no corresponding commitment made by LOWAG to Charles
Schwab and/or Interactive Brokers or any other entity to invest any specific amount
or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities or other
investment products as a result of the above arrangement.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services provides LOWAG with access to
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services’ institutional trading and custody
services, which are typically not available to Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor
Services retail investors. These services generally are available to independent
investment advisers on an unsolicited basis, at no charge to them so long as a total
of at least $10 million of the adviser’s clients’ assets are maintained in accounts at
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor
Services includes brokerage services that are related to the execution of securities
transactions, custody, research, including that in the form of advice, analyses and
reports, and access to mutual funds and other investments that are otherwise
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generally available only to institutional investors or would require a significantly
higher minimum initial investment. For LOWAG client accounts maintained in its
custody, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services generally does not charge
separately for custody services but is compensated by account holders through
commissions or other transaction-related or asset-based fees for securities trades that
are executed through Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services or that settle into
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services accounts.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services also makes available to LOWAG
other products and services that benefit LOWAG but may not benefit its clients’
accounts. These benefits may include national, regional or LOWAG specific
educational events organized and/or sponsored by Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Advisor Services. Other potential benefits may include occasional business
entertainment of personnel of LOWAG by Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor
Services personnel, including meals, invitations to sporting events, including golf
tournaments, and other forms of entertainment, some of which may accompany
educational opportunities. Other of these products and services assist LOWAG in
managing and administering clients’ accounts. These include software and other
technology (and related technological training) that provide access to client account
data (such as trade confirmations and account statements), facilitate trade execution
(and allocation of aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts, if applicable),
provide research, pricing information and other market data, facilitate payment of
LOWAG’s fees from its clients’ accounts (if applicable), and assist with back-office
training and support functions, recordkeeping and client reporting. Many of these
services generally may be used to service all or some substantial number of
LOWAG’s accounts. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services also makes
available to LOWAG other services intended to help LOWAG manage and further
develop its business enterprise. These services may include professional
compliance, legal and business consulting, publications and conferences on practice
management, information technology, business succession, regulatory compliance,
employee benefits providers, and human capital consultants, insurance and
marketing. In addition, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services may make
available, arrange and/or pay vendors for these types of services rendered to
LOWAG by independent third parties. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services
may discount or waive fees it would otherwise charge for some of these services or
pay all or a part of the fees of a third-party providing these services to LOWAG.
LOWAG is independently owned and operated and not affiliated with Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services.
The Firm’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jonathan Solo remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding
the above arrangement and any corresponding perceived conflict of interest
any such arrangement may create.
If a client is introduced to LOWAG by either an unaffiliated or an affiliated
solicitor, LOWAG may pay that solicitor a referral fee in accordance with the
requirements of Rule 206(4)-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and any
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corresponding state securities law requirements. Any such referral fee shall be paid
solely from LOWAG’s investment management fee, and shall not result in any
additional charge to the client. If the client is introduced to LOWAG by an
unaffiliated solicitor, the solicitor, at the time of the solicitation, shall disclose the
nature of his/her/its solicitor relationship, and shall provide each prospective client
with a copy of LOWAG’s written Brochure with a copy of the written disclosure
statement from the solicitor to the client disclosing the terms of the solicitation
arrangement between LOWAG and the solicitor, including the compensation to be
received by the solicitor from LOWAG.
Item 15
Custody
The Firm shall have the ability to have its advisory fee for each client debited by
the custodian. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction
confirmation notices and regular written summary account statements directly from
the broker-dealer/custodian and/or program sponsor for the client accounts.
LOWAG may also provide a written periodic report summarizing account activity
and performance.
Certain clients have established asset transfer authorizations that permit the
qualified custodian to rely upon instructions from LOWAG to transfer client funds
or securities to third parties. These arrangements are disclosed at Item 9 of Part 1
of Form ADV. However, in accordance with the guidance provided in the SEC’s
February 21, 2017 Investment Adviser Association No-Action Letter, the affected
accounts are not subject to an annual surprise CPA examination.
Please Note: To the extent that LOWAG provides clients with periodic account
statements or reports, the client is urged to compare any statement or report
provided by LOWAG with the account statements received from the account
custodian. Please Also Note: The account custodian does not verify the accuracy of
LOWAG’s advisory fee calculation.
Item 16
Investment Discretion
The client can determine to engage LOWAG to provide investment advisory
services on a discretionary basis. Prior to LOWAG assuming discretionary
authority over a client’s account, the client shall be required to execute an
Investment Advisory Agreement, naming LOWAG as the client’s attorney and agent
in fact, granting LOWAG full authority to buy, sell, or otherwise effect investment
transactions involving the assets in the client’s name found in the discretionary
account.
Clients who engage LOWAG on a discretionary basis may, at any time, impose
restrictions, in writing, on LOWAG’s discretionary authority (i.e. limit the
types/amounts of particular securities purchased for their account, exclude the
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ability to purchase securities with an inverse relationship to the market, limit or
proscribe LOWAG’s use of margin, etc.).
Item 17
Voting Client Securities
A. The Firm does not vote client proxies. Clients maintain exclusive responsibility for:
directing the manner in which proxies solicited by issuers of securities owned by
the client shall be voted, and (2) making all elections relative to any mergers,
acquisitions, tender offers, bankruptcy proceedings or other type events pertaining
to the client’s investment assets.
B. Clients will receive their proxies or other solicitations directly from their custodian.
Clients may contact LOWAG to discuss any questions they may have with a
particular solicitation.
Item 18
Financial Information
A. The Firm does not solicit fees of more than $1200, per client, six months or more
in advance.
B. The Firm is unaware of any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair
its ability to meet its contractual commitments relating to its discretionary authority
over certain client accounts.
C. The Firm has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
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