Overview

Assets Under Management: $1.3 billion
Headquarters: DALLAS, TX
High-Net-Worth Clients: 207
Average Client Assets: $6 million

Services Offered

Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Portfolio Management for Pooled Investment Vehicles, Portfolio Management for Institutional Clients, Investment Advisor Selection

Fee Structure

Primary Fee Schedule (LFC ADV PART 2A - 3.2025)

MinMaxMarginal Fee Rate
$0 $10,000,000 1.00%
$10,000,001 $20,000,000 0.75%
$20,000,001 $30,000,000 0.50%
$30,000,001 and above 0.35%
Illustrative Fee Rates
Total AssetsAnnual FeesAverage Fee Rate
$1 million $10,000 1.00%
$5 million $50,000 1.00%
$10 million $100,000 1.00%
$50 million $295,000 0.59%
$100 million $470,000 0.47%

Clients

Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 207
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 89.34
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $6 million
Total Client Accounts: 1,643
Discretionary Accounts: 1,593
Non-Discretionary Accounts: 50

Regulatory Filings

CRD Number: 105910
Last Filing Date: 2024-04-16 00:00:00
Website: HTTPS://WWW.LINKEDIN.COM/COMPANY/LEE-FINANCIAL-CORPORATION/

Form ADV Documents

Primary Brochure: LFC ADV PART 2A - 3.2025 (2025-03-30)

View Document Text
Lee Financial Company Form ADV Part 2A – Brochure March 28, 2025 This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Lee Financial Company (LFC). If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact Patricia Stoll, Chief Compliance Officer, at (972) 960-1001 or pstoll@leefin.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority. Additional information about Lee Financial Company is also available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. We are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which does not imply a certain level of skill or training. The oral and written communications we provide to you, including this Brochure, is information available for you to use in your decision to hire LFC or continue a professional relationship with LFC. 8350 North Central Expressway ▪ Suite 1800 ▪ Dallas, Texas 75206 Telephone: (972) 960-1001 www.leefin.com or pstoll@leefin.com ITEM 2 – MATERIAL CHANGES This filing of our Form ADV contains the following material changes since our last annual update dated March 29, 2024. Summary of Material Changes: • We have updated Item 17 – Proxy Voting to better reflect our proxy voting practices with respect to the third party vendor we use for voting guidelines. On occasion, we will update this brochure and send you a copy or offer to send you a copy by electronic means (e-mail), through our website, or in hard copy form. If you would like another copy of this Brochure, please download it from our website (www.leefin.com) or the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website (www.adviserinfo.sec.gov) or contact our Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) Patricia Stoll at (972) 960-1001. 2 ITEM 3 – TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM 2 – MATERIAL CHANGES .............................................................................................................................. 2 ITEM 3 – TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................................. 3 ITEM 4 – ADVISORY BUSINESS .............................................................................................................................. 4 ITEM 5 – FEES AND COMPENSATION .................................................................................................................... 9 ITEM 6 – PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT ........................................................... 12 ITEM 7 – TYPES OF CLIENTS ................................................................................................................................ 12 ITEM 8 – METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS ................................................. 13 ITEM 9 – DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 16 ITEM 10 – OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS .............................................................. 17 ITEM 11 – CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS, AND PERSONAL TRADING 19 ITEM 12 – BROKERAGE PRACTICES ..................................................................................................................... 20 ITEM 13 – REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS ....................................................................................................................... 22 ITEM 14 – CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION................................................................................ 22 ITEM 15 – CUSTODY ........................................................................................................................................... 23 ITEM 16 – INVESTMENT DISCRETION .................................................................................................................. 24 ITEM 17 – VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES ................................................................................................................ 24 ITEM 18 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 25 3 ITEM 4 – ADVISORY BUSINESS WHO WE ARE Lee Financial Company (LFC) was founded in 1975 by Richard R. Lee, Jr. CFP® CFA as a fee-only financial planning and investment advisory firm in Texas. LFC is independently owned and operated. Our principal executive members are Richard R. Lee, Jr. CFP® CFA (Chairman, CEO and Founder), Christina Williams, President, William A. Luckey II, Chief Financial Officer, Danny Boyce, Director of Investments, and Nic Gibson, Senior Financial Planner. LFC Holding Co. was formed in 2016 and, until recently, was the majority owner of LFC. Richard R. Lee, Jr. is the sole owner of LFC Holding Co. LFC Holding Co. continues to be the largest owner of LFC. LFC is currently owned by a group of advisors providing services to clients of LFC. No one person owns more than 25% of the firm. We offer personalized financial planning and investment management services. Financial planning is the foundation of the firm’s services with most of our clients. “Fee-only” means LFC is paid through fees received from our clients. We believe if an advisor stands to gain financially from the purchase of any investment or insurance product, there is an increased potential for conflicts of interest. Our allegiance is to our clients, and our incentive is to serve our clients’ best interests. LFC has developed a team approach to provide financial planning and portfolio management services. To manage your financial assets, we believe it is necessary to understand your goals and objectives in all areas. We add value by helping you define specific goals, provide analysis for the possibility of meeting the goals, monitor your progress in reaching those goals, redefine goals as appropriate, and assist in the management of the financial assets that play a role in achieving those goals. OUR PHILOSOPHY We believe our success in helping individuals, families, and businesses achieve their goals lies in our holistic approach – the WholeVision™ process. WholeVision™ is a term that describes what we consider to be your complete financial picture, similar to how one would design a business plan for their company. WholeVision™ consists of four types of capital: Human Capital, Financial Capital, Fulfillment Capital, and Shared Capital. Each is vitally important in its own way to overall wealth. We work closely with you to establish goals for personal growth and fulfillment while managing your financial planning needs and identifying opportunities around your vision. • HUMAN CAPITAL The value each individual will receive in their lifetime from the employment of their personal talents, skill set, education, and experience. The harvesting of this human capital will usually constitute the largest contribution to each person’s future net worth and consumption. • FINANCIAL CAPITAL The capital that has been harvested from each individual or family’s Human Capital. These funds are invested to accomplish specific targeted goals such as long-term personal financial security, working capital for entrepreneurial businesses, support obligations for extended 4 family members, future education costs, and financial contingencies. • FULFILLMENT CAPITAL People reward themselves with a chosen standard of living and certain lifestyle purchases. These costs evolve over time based on the success of their Human Capital and Financial Capital. • SHARED CAPITAL The capital that is voluntarily shared with other members of the family, earmarked for philanthropic purposes, or set aside for income and estate taxes. All forms of capital interact to establish a complex and evolving picture of wealth. LFC helps manage these diverse aspects of wealth to cultivate your security, success, and fulfillment. OUR TEAM APPROACH LFC clients have the option to receive both financial planning and investment management services from a team of advisors. LFC has six (6) primary types of advisors and a client’s team will include a mix of these advisors or just one, depending on the client’s service needs and complexity: • Senior Financial Planner • Financial Planner • Associate Financial Planner • Senior Portfolio Manager • Associate Portfolio Manager • Family Capital Strategist FINANCIAL PLANNING Our financial planning team is generally made up of one Senior Financial Planner and one Financial or Associate Financial Planner. Should you engage LFC to provide financial planning, the Team will gather your financial information, develop your financial plan, and present and continue to monitor your plan throughout the long-term relationship. Our Financial Planning Team members do not provide portfolio management services independently; rather, they work closely with your Portfolio Manager so that your investment portfolio is built around your near and long-term goals. Our Financial Planning Team will help you establish and achieve personal and financial goals while assessing risk and helping you prepare for both planned and unexpected life events. These services can include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following: Insurance review (life, property and casualty, disability, long-term care, health) Income tax review • Goal development and tracking • Balance sheet preparation • Cash flow planning and budgeting • • 5 • Financial independence/retirement planning • Legacy development/estate planning and wealth transfer • Education planning • Philanthropic planning, including charitable foundation management • Business development and succession planning Clients will receive written and verbal recommendations from their Financial Planning team members on steps to take to achieve the goals established by the client. The Financial Planning team members will collaborate with the client and help implement the recommendations. A Financial Planning team member could recommend the client create an investment account for LFC to manage. Such recommendations are a conflict of interest as they generate additional compensation for the firm. INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT Our Portfolio Management Team invests the capital you place in your portfolio under our management. Each portfolio is structured to meet your unique needs for liquidity (cash), stability, current income, long-term growth, tax efficiencies (as appropriate), and risk tolerance. Our Portfolio Management Team consists of Senior Portfolio Managers, Associate Portfolio Managers, and Investment Analysts. The Investment Committee (IC) is responsible for the investment activities of the firm. The IC oversees the overall investment policy and strategy; asset allocation strategies and risk management across portfolios; manager selection; investment due diligence; performance measurement; and communication with our Senior Portfolio Managers who meet with clients. Our Portfolio Managers advise and make recommendations on investment opportunities and manage your investment portfolio in an attempt to achieve its goals and objectives. During a typical meeting, your Portfolio Manager will discuss your investment portfolio. The Senior Investment Analysts spend time researching and analyzing the investment opportunities recommended to you; however, they are not usually actively involved in your meetings. RETIREMENT PLANS ADVICE LFC also provides retirement plan consulting services by assisting sponsors of self-directed retirement plans with the selection and/or monitoring of investment alternatives (generally open-end mutual funds) from which plan participants shall choose in self-directing the investments for their individual plan retirement accounts. In addition, to the extent requested by the plan sponsor, LFC provides participant education designed to assist participants in identifying the appropriate investment strategy for their retirement plan accounts. The terms and conditions of the engagement are set forth in a Retirement Plan Consulting Agreement between LFC and the plan sponsor. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF FIDUCIARY DUTY When LFC provides investment advice to clients regarding IRAs or retirement plans, LFC is a fiduciary as defined by Title 1 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of the Internal Revenue Code. As a fiduciary, LFC must meet a professional standard of care when 6 investment advice and not put interests ahead of clients when making its providing recommendations; avoid materially misleading statements; adopt and policies and procedures designed to result in advice that is in the best interest of clients; and charge a fee that is reasonable for the services provided. SPECIALIZED SERVICES Family Capital Services LFC works with clients to maximize their human capital potential. Our goal is to allow our clients to achieve the most benefit from their unique talents, skills, and education. The Family Capital Team is a dedicated team that handles complex client situations. The team provides assistance with, but not necessarily limited to, the following: • Developing plans for transitional business situations including the growth of an enterprise, business acquisition or sale, and/or partner buyout; • Developing relationships with business and social contacts, knowledge networks, and collaborative partners; • Conceptualizing and creating visual presentations and models to illustrate stock positions, business dynamics, real estate holdings, and tax implications; and • Coordinating the WholeVision™ implementation of a clients’ business with their investment portfolio. Family Capital services can result in additional fees to clients depending on the scope of projects. Foundation Services LFC offers management services for private family foundations which can include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following: • Assistance in the establishment of the foundation; • Facilitate grant payments; • Creation and management of investment portfolio assets; and/or • Board communication and investment presentations. Limitations to Financial Planning and Non-Investment Consulting/Implementation Services To the extent requested by a client, LFC can discuss services regarding non-investment related matters, such as estate planning, tax planning, insurance, etc., however LFC does not serve as an attorney, accountant, or insurance agent, and no portion of our services should be construed in the same manner. Accordingly, LFC does not prepare estate planning documents, tax returns, or sell insurance products. To the extent requested by a client, we can recommend the services of other professionals for certain non-investment implementation purposes (i.e., attorneys, accountants, insurance, etc.). You are under no obligation to engage the services of any such recommended professional. You, as the client, retain absolute discretion over all implementation decisions. LFC or Supervised Persons do not receive any compensation from these referrals. 7 Retirement Rollovers – Potential Conflict of Interest LFC provides advisory services to retirement investors. For example, LFC may recommend a rollover of a client’s retirement assets into an IRA account to be managed by LFC. It may also recommend the rollover of a client’s existing IRA into an IRA account to be managed by LFC. A client or prospective client leaving an employer typically has four options regarding an existing retirement plan (and may engage in a combination of these options): (i) leave the money in the former employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over the assets to the new employer’s plan, if one is available and rollovers are permitted, (iii) roll over to an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value (which could, depending on the client’s age, result in adverse tax consequences). At a minimum, Investors should consider fees and expenses, investment options, services, penalty-free withdrawals, protection from creditors and legal judgments, required minimum distributions, and employer stock. LFC encourages you to discuss your options and review the above listed considerations with an accountant, third-party administrator, investment advisor to your Employer Plan (if available), or legal counsel, to the extent you consider necessary. If LFC recommends that a client roll over his or her retirement plan assets into an account to be managed by LFC, such a recommendation creates a conflict of interest if LFC will earn an advisory fee on the rolled over assets. When acting in such capacity, LFC serves as a fiduciary under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). LFC advisors follow the rules and meet the requirements promulgated by the Department of Labor’s Prohibited Transaction Exception (DOL PTE) 2020-02 when advising a client regarding a client’s retirement account. Additional resources about IRA Rollovers are available to investors through FINRA’s web site at www.finra.org. LFC PRIVATE FUNDS LFC serves as a General Partner and Investment Manager for several private funds (“LFC Partnerships”). The LFC Partnerships are in wind down mode and are not accepting new investors. As the Investment Manager to LFC Partnerships, LFC receives a management fee on invested capital as described in the subscription agreement and other offering documents. You should refer to the subscription agreement and other offering documents for a complete description of the fees, investment objectives, risks, and other relevant information associated with investing in LFC Partnerships. LFC Partnerships undergo an annual independent audit by a Public Company Accounting Oversight Board ("PCAOB") registered firm. LFC also serves as Managing Member to one private fund, LFC Equity Plus Tail Protection, LLC (“Fund”), which is the only fund accepting new investors. Investments in the Fund are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and are only offered after delivery and perusal of a private placement memorandum and execution of the subscription agreement and other offering documents. Investment in the Fund is offered only to accredited investors within the meaning of SEC Rule 506 of Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933. Investment in the Fund is offered by private placement memorandum and subscription agreement which provides investors with full disclosure 8 regarding the objectives of the Fund, the risks involved with the offering and the minimum initial capital contribution required. Wrap Fee Programs We do not participate in wrap fee services, which bundle investment advisory and brokerage fees into a flat fee structure. Managed Assets As of December 31, 2024, we managed the following client assets: $1,482,858,160 Discretionary: Non-Discretionary: $13,762,952 • “Discretionary” means LFC has the approval/authority to manage your account(s), including placing trades or retaining other investment advisors/managers on behalf of a client, without seeking consent. • “Non-Discretionary” means LFC does not have the authority to manage your account(s) without consent, and you must approve every financial transaction, or you have directed an outside third-party to manage your account(s). ITEM 5 – FEES AND COMPENSATION FEE CALCULATION METHODS LFC typically charges the greater of an annual minimum fee or a percentage based on the fair market value (“FMV”) of your assets under management (“AUM”). The FMV of your AUM—which includes all funds and securities under LFC's investment authority, as well as any client-directed purchases in managed accounts—is calculated on the last business day of each quarter for billing purposes. While LFC will execute client-directed purchases in managed accounts, you are responsible for monitoring these specific investments. LFC may also provide services for a flat fee, hourly rate, or other compensation method as mutually agreed upon. The calculated fee is tiered as follows: • 1.0% of fair market value of managed assets less than $10 million; plus • 0.75% of fair market value of managed assets $10 million to $20 million; plus • 0.50% of fair market value of managed assets $20 million to $30 million; plus • 0.35% of fair market value of managed assets over $30 million. FMV is typically the value at which the assets trade in the secondary market but could also be a valuation provided by an outside source such as an administrator, auditor, or pricing service, or a valuation described by an investment entity’s offering documents. Private equity and real estate investments for which a current FMV is not readily available are reflected at the most recent valuation provided by the fund manager, estimated valuation from an independent asset appraisal, or 9 at original cost, adjusted for returns of capital distributions, as applicable. Fees are billed quarterly in advance and typically deducted directly from LFC managed accounts on a prorated or other specified allocation. Alternatively, by request and approval, fees may be paid by check, ACH or credit card instead of being deducted from managed accounts. Transaction fees associated with ACH or credit card payments are the responsibility of the client and will not be credited towards LFC’s quarterly fee. For new clients, if relationship/billing start date is other than the end of the billing period, the first quarter’s fee will be prorated based on the date the contract is signed by the client(s) and deducted in the following quarter along with the second quarter’s fee. In the event a client terminates their agreement with LFC before the conclusion of a billing period, LFC will refund the client a prorated amount for the remainder of that billing period. Clients who have invested in an LFC Partnership/Private fund and for whom LFC manages other assets will receive a credit for their share of the Partnership/Private Fund’s management fees to avoid double billing. On occasion, LFC recommends that certain qualified clients consider an investment in unaffiliated private investments. These investments do not pay LFC an investment fee. LFC’s role relative to these private investment funds shall be limited to initial and ongoing due diligence and investment monitoring services. If a client decides to participate in such an investment, the FMV or estimated valuation, as described above, of that investment will be included as part of a client’s AUM for purposes of calculating LFC’s fee. Please Note: LFC clients are under absolutely no obligation to consider or make an investment in an unaffiliated private investment fund. Fee Differentials: We price our advisory services based upon various factors. As a result, our clients could pay diverse fees based upon the market value of their assets, the complexity of the engagement, related accounts with LFC, the level and scope of the overall investment advisory services to be rendered and client negotiations. LFC may, in its sole discretion, negotiate to charge a lesser fee based upon certain criteria, such as anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, pre-existing/legacy client relationship, account retention and pro bono activities. Family Capital Services Fees Depending on the scope of Family Capital services provided, fees may be included in our basic fee structure or billed as a separate, additional fee. Company Retirement Plan Consulting Services The terms and conditions of LFC’s retirement plan consulting services shall be set forth in a Retirement Plan Consulting Agreement between LFC and the plan sponsor. LFC clients will generally pay a fee of 0.35% of the FMV of the plan’s assets under advisement. 10 Additional Fees and Expenses Fees payable to LFC do not include fees associated with purchasing or selling securities for your account(s). Below are some examples of fees or expenses that you may incur and are paid directly to third parties. See Item 12 for more details. These fees are charged by your broker-dealer, custodian, mutual fund, or other investment adviser. LFC is not affiliated with any broker or custodian. We do not receive, directly or indirectly, any of the fees charged to you. • Brokerage commissions; • Transaction fees; • Investment management fees, advisory fees, performance fees and administrative fees charged by Mutual Funds (MF), Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs), sub-advisors, hedge funds, or other investment vehicles; • Custodial fees; • Deferred sales charges (for mutual funds or annuities); • Transfer taxes; and/or • Wire transfer and electronic fund processing fees. Product Specific Fees and Expenses • LFC Partnerships LFC manages and receives compensation (management fees and/or administration costs) from the firm’s affiliated private funds. As stated above, LFC does not charge a separate fee on those assets to clients who own an interest in the funds. • Independent Managers (including Separate Account Managers) LFC will on occasion recommend that a client allocate a portion of client’s assets among certain independent investment manager(s) who will manage the designated assets on a day- to-day discretionary basis (the “Independent Manager(s)”). LFC will continue to provide investment advisory services to the client relative to the ongoing monitoring and review of the Independent Manager(s), account performance, asset allocation and client investment objectives. Factors which LFC will consider in recommending Independent Manager(s) include the manager’s investment objective(s), management style, performance, and reputation. The fees charged by the Independent Manager(s) are in addition to LFC’s fees and custodian fees and commissions. Please Note: LFC clients are under absolutely no obligation to engage any Independent Manager(s). • Mutual Funds and ETFs LFC recommends mutual funds and ETFs for use in client accounts. To the extent that a client’s assets are invested in these vehicles, clients will pay management and other fees in addition to the fees paid to LFC. Those fees and expenses are described in each vehicle’s prospectus. 11 Most mutual funds and ETFs are available directly to the public. Thus, a client can obtain many of the investments that might be recommended and/or used by LFC, independent of engaging LFC as their investment adviser. However, if a prospective client determines to do so, they will not receive LFC’s initial and ongoing investment advisory services. • Self-Directed Employer Retirement Plans – No Obligation/Conflict of Interest A client or prospective client is under absolutely no obligation to engage LFC as the investment adviser for their employer sponsored retirement account. Rather, a client can continue to self-direct the retirement account with his or her employer. If the client determines that they would like LFC’s assistance, then LFC could potentially charge a separate and additional fee for its ongoing advisory services. The client will not incur this separate and additional advisory fee if the client determines to continue to self-direct his or her account. As a result, any recommendation by LFC that a client engage LFC to manage his or her retirement account presents a conflict of interest since LFC shall derive an economic benefit from such engagement. ITEM 6 – PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT LFC does not charge or accept any performance-based fees. ITEM 7 – TYPES OF CLIENTS LFC advises high net worth individuals that have accumulated wealth or individuals that have the capacity to do so. LFC clients are committed to integrating both financial planning and investment management to meet their goals. Our experience has shown that clients that meet both of these criteria are poised to benefit most from our services. Clients have the ability to choose the services they receive from LFC, such as investment advisory only or financial planning only. Services are based on what is typically needed for an individual at various wealth levels. We will use our best judgment to determine if we believe a client can benefit from our services. LFC also provides services to: • Trusts; • Estates; • Charitable organizations; • Private funds • 401(k) and Defined Benefit Plans; and • Corporations or other business entities. 12 ITEM 8 – METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS OUR INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND METHODS OF ANALYSIS LFC has an Investment Committee (IC) that provides oversight and ensures consistency in overall investment strategy. This committee also discusses core investment themes relevant to how client portfolios are managed. The Investment Committee also manages the LFC Equity Plus Tail Protection Fund, LLC. The committee provides oversight for the Fund and monitors redemptions and subscriptions. For certain clients who are sophisticated investors with generational capital, there is a separate servicing model provided by the Family Capital Team. The Investment Committee is responsible for: • Evaluating and approving mutual funds, ETFs, structured notes, hedge funds, individual stocks, bonds, and private illiquid investments that are recommended to it by the Investment Research Team. • Evaluating and approving portfolio construction and risk-based asset allocation guidelines that are recommended to it by the Investment Research Team. • Periodically recommending portfolio actions. • Evaluating investments based on reporting and risk parameters set by the committee. Some of the factors the committee will consider when analyzing due diligence for investment strategies utilized include the following: • A review of the diversification benefits of the investment, partnership, or fund. • A review of the objective and constraints of the investment, partnership, or fund. • A review of qualitative and quantitative factors of the investment, partnership, or fund. o Qualitative factors include a review of available information regarding manager tenure, competitive profile, track record, and established history. o Quantitative factors include a review of available information regarding the investment, partnership, or fund’s risk/return profile, and correlation to relevant benchmarks and other investments. • A review of the outlook of the manager and positioning of the investment, partnership, or fund. • A review of potential investment risks and relevant documentation, potentially including a due diligence questionnaire (DDQ) and a manager’s Form ADV. • An assessment of the strength of third-party relationships, back office, and investor reporting capabilities. • An assessment of tax efficiency and review of tax related documents. • A review of fees, costs, or constraints such as availability, minimums, and terms. LFC primarily utilizes the following fundamental investment strategies when implementing investment advice given to clients: 13 • Long-Term Purchases (securities held at least a year); and/or • Short-Term Purchases (securities sold within a year). LFC recommends asset allocations based on a particular client’s economic situation, liquidity needs, risk tolerance, proposed investment period, need for diversification, reliance upon current income, present and anticipated tax situation. LFC also considers historical yields, potential appreciation, and marketability before making investment recommendations. LFC recommends and manages many types of assets, including separately managed accounts, open ended mutual funds, structured notes, private investment vehicles, ETFs, and exchange-listed securities and private placements of securities on a discretionary and/or non-discretionary basis in accordance with the client’s designated investment objective(s). INVESTMENT RISKS Investment Risk: Investing in securities involves a risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and it should not be assumed that future performance of any specific investment or investment strategy (including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or undertaken by LFC) will be profitable or equal any specific performance level(s). In addition, LFC may recommend investments in non-traditional investment strategies that have their own inherent risks including but not limited to leverage and derivatives. Methods of Analysis: To perform an accurate market analysis, LFC must have access to current/new market information. LFC has no control over the dissemination rate of market information; therefore, unbeknownst to LFC, certain analyses may be compiled with outdated market information, severely limiting the value of LFC’s analysis. Furthermore, an accurate market analysis can only produce a forecast of the direction of market values. There can be no assurances that a forecasted change in market value will materialize into actionable and/or profitable investment opportunities. Long-Term and Short-Term Purchases: Longer-term investment strategies require a longer investment time period to allow for the strategy to potentially develop. Shorter-term investment strategies require a shorter investment time period to potentially develop but, as a result of more frequent trading, occasionally incur higher transactional costs when compared to a longer-term investment strategy. Equity Securities: LFC may invest in equity securities for client portfolios. The value of equities varies with the performance of the issuer and movements in the equity markets. A client may suffer losses if they invest in equity securities of issuers whose performance diverges from LFC’s expectations or if equity markets move in a certain direction. Fixed Income Securities: LFC invests in bonds and other fixed income securities within client portfolios. These debt securities may be issued by corporations or issued and guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its agencies. These securities may pay fixed, variable, or floating rates of interest. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations and are subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity. A major economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an 14 adverse impact on the value of such securities. In addition, any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest and increase the incidence of default for such securities. Private Investment Funds: Private investment funds, including any affiliated LFC Partnerships, involve various risk factors, including, but not limited to, potential for complete loss of principal, liquidity constraints and lack of transparency. A complete discussion of all risk factors associated with a private investment fund is set forth in each fund’s offering documents, which are provided to each client for review and consideration when LFC recommends such an investment. Unlike liquid investments that a client may hold, private investment funds do not provide daily liquidity or pricing. Clients should be prepared to have restrictions on their ability to redeem all or part of their investment from these vehicles. Each prospective client investor will be required to complete a Subscription Agreement, pursuant to which the client shall establish that they are qualified for investment in the fund and acknowledge and accept the various risk factors associated with such an investment. Valuations: LFC may reference private investments owned by a client on statements prepared by LFC. The value of such private investments will rely on information provided by the underlying investment managers of such private investments. This information is based on the most recent valuation unless no valuation is available. Valuations are often prepared according to the documents that govern the private investments. LFC considers this to be a reliable representation of fair value. On occasion, LFC will independently provide adjustments to the supplied net asset valuations where in our best judgment we cannot verify its accuracy or where liquidity is restricted. In cases where reliable valuations are not available, LFC may determine that reflecting the private investments at cost, reduced by return of capital distributions, if applicable, is appropriate for some private investments. Because of the potential uncertainty found in the valuation process for private investments, the estimated fair values used for these investments may differ significantly and/or materially from values later realized upon the actual liquidation of the investments. Margin Transactions: LFC will implement and/or recommend, as appropriate for client needs, margin transactions (use of borrowed assets to purchase financial instruments). Given the high level of inherent risk (see discussion below) associated with these strategies, LFC does not consider these transactions as a normal course of business. That being said, certain types of managers employed by LFC may utilize these strategies as a normal course of their business practices. Margin is an investment strategy with a high level of inherent risk. A margin transaction occurs when an investor uses borrowed money to purchase financial instruments. The investor obtains the borrowed money by using other securities as collateral for the borrowed sum. The effect of purchasing a security using margin is to magnify any gains or losses sustained by the purchase of the financial instruments on margin. Please Note: To the extent that a client authorizes the use of margin, and margin is thereafter employed by LFC in the management of the client’s investment portfolio, the market value of the client’s account could cause the corresponding fee payable by the client to LFC to be increased. As a result, in addition to understanding and assuming the additional principal risks associated with the use of margin, clients authorizing margin are advised of the conflict of interest whereby the client’s 15 decision to employ margin may correspondingly increase the management fee payable to LFC. Accordingly, the decision to employ margin is left to the discretion of the client. Scarce Investment Opportunities: On occasion, an opportunity to invest in a public or private scarce investment opportunity becomes available. There is a risk that the size of the investment will not be sufficient to meet our client’s indication of interest. In such a case, LFC’s allocation policies will be followed. The investment team and a client’s relationship team will work together to consider the unique needs of each of LFC’s clients and distribute the opportunity among as many suitable clients as possible in a fair and equitable manner. LFC utilizes numerous factors to determine each client’s suitability for scarce investment opportunities. If after determining client suitability there are still more clients than the investment size, the allocation methodology will be done as fairly and equitably as possible, and allocations will be evaluated and ranked based on the following: • Minimum investment size – Is the minimum investment size an appropriate risk allocation for the client? • Client allocation size – Will a pro-rata allocation result in client allocations that are too small (in terms of dollars or percent of the client portfolio) to warrant an investment? • Relationship with sponsoring entity – Clients who have a pre-existing relationship with the sponsoring entity will be given priority due to their familiarity with the investment. • Client’s historical participation in similar investment structures – We believe that clients who have shown a propensity to invest in similar types of investments would be a better fit for this in their portfolio rather than clients who do not have this history. On occasion, a client may apply for a loan from a banking institution (LFC does not lend money) and use their LFC account(s) as collateral for that loan if allowed by the bank. LFC does not recommend clients obtain such securities-based lines of credit or collateralized loans and such a recommendation is a conflict of interest. In the event the client desires to participate in a securities- based line of credit or collateralized loan, LFC will work with the client and the banking institution to accommodate this request. Note: To the extent that a client authorizes the use of an LFC account as collateral for a loan with a banking institution, and such collateralization is accommodated by LFC, the market value of the client’s account and the corresponding fee payable by the client to LFC has the potential to be increased. As a result, in addition to understanding and assuming the additional principal risks associated with the collateralizing of their LFC account for a loan, clients authorizing such collateralization are advised of the conflict of interest whereby the client’s decision to employ such a strategy may correspondingly increase the management fee payable to LFC. Accordingly, the decision to employ collateralized account lending from a banking institution using their LFC account is left to the discretion of the client. ITEM 9 – DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION LFC does not have any legal, financial, or other disciplinary items to report. We are obligated to 16 disclose any disciplinary event that would be material to you when evaluating LFC to initiate a client/advisor relationship, or to continue a client/advisor relationship with LFC. This information applies to our firm and our employees. ITEM 10 – OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS REGISTRATION AS A BROKER-DEALER OR BROKER-DEALER REPRESENTATIVE Neither LFC, nor its management persons, are registered or have an application pending to register, as a broker-dealer or a representative of a broker-dealer. REGISTRATION AS FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANT, COMMODITY POOL OPERATOR OR TRADING ADVISOR Neither LFC nor its management persons are registered as or have pending applications to become a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity Pool Operator, or a Commodity Trading Advisor. OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES LFC serves as the General Partner to LFC Partnerships that we have offered to our clients for investment purposes. LFC created these partnerships so our clients could participate in a broader investment universe within private investment opportunities for a lower minimum investment size than if our clients attempted to invest directly in the same assets individually. Similarly, LFC Equity Plus Tail Protection Fund, LLC is the only fund for which LFC serves as Managing Member that is currently accepting new investors. The following section provides a listing of partnerships (by category) but is not an offering of partnership interests. Real Estate • LFC Horizon, Ltd. – a Texas Limited Partnership Energy and Infrastructure • LFC Matrix Resources, Ltd. – a Texas Limited Partnership Private and Other Investments • LFC Novus, Ltd. – a Texas Limited Partnership Open Ended Liquid and Hedge Funds • LFC Equity Plus Tail Protection Fund, LLC – a Texas Limited Liability Company POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Investments in LFC Partnerships that Relate to Client Investments or Ownership Many LFC clients have significant and diverse business interests. LFC will on occasion invest in companies or entities where our clients are employed, hold ownership rights, or may otherwise be involved. A related and common occurrence of this would be if a client owned ABC stock or worked for ABC Company and LFC recommended ABC stock to other clients. Another example would be 17 if a client who runs a real estate fund and one of LFC’s affiliated funds invested in the client’s real estate fund. Every investment is made on the merits of the investment opportunity; however, if a client holds an ownership interest or manages one of the funds, it can give the impression that LFC is investing partnership assets to benefit that client, which would be a conflict of interest. LFC has specific procedures in place to address this potential conflict by carefully scrutinizing and monitoring situations when this type of scenario comes up. If it is determined that a true conflict of interest exists, LFC will either choose not to participate in the investment or will notify the clients involved of the conflict. Fiduciary Appointments For limited clients, an LFC employee can serve in their individual capacity as a trustee for a trust created by or for the benefit of a client or as an appointed agent for a client’s financial matters through a durable or springing power of attorney document. Conflicts arise in these roles when a trustee or agent decision would result in an increase to the fee the client pays to LFC. Board Seats Richard R. Lee, Jr. is a member of the Advisory Board of Wynne/Jackson Inc., a real estate development firm located in Dallas, and is compensated for his services. Some clients of LFC may be owners or employed by Wynne/Jackson Inc. He also serves on the Strategic Advisory Board for the CFA Society of Dallas-Fort Worth. He is not compensated for his services. Jaime N. Boyles currently serves on the Advisory Council of the Communities Foundation of Texas and the Dallas Foundation. She is not compensated for her services. William A. Luckey II provides real estate consulting and financing for compensation. Service in this role could create a potential for conflicts of interest, and while we do not think it is material, we are mitigating the potential by disclosing his participation. National Advisor Trust Company (NATC) Ownership LFC is a shareholder of National Advisor Holdings, Inc. (NAH), a Delaware corporation organized in August 1999. LFC holds less than 1.0% in the aggregate of the outstanding stock of NAH. NAH has chartered an institution through the Office of Thrift Supervision known as National Advisers Trust Company (NATC). NATC provides custody, banking, and trust services to clients of registered investment advisory firms, such as LFC, across the United States. Because LFC has an interest in NAH, and therefore indirectly has an interest in NATC, a small amount of the fees earned by NATC may accrue to the benefit of shareholders and thus create a conflict of interest. The LFC ownership percentage is not a material amount to LFC or NATC. Both LFC and NATC entities are operationally independent from each other. LFC previously recommended NATC to certain clients for custody and trustee services when LFC determined NATC's services are appropriate for those clients. Our clients make their own determination to use custodial or trust services provided by NATC and can choose to use another custodian and retain LFC to provide investment advice. Please see Item 15 – Custody for more details on this relationship. 18 ITEM 11 – CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS, AND PERSONAL TRADING CODE OF ETHICS We owe you a fiduciary duty while conducting your affairs to avoid: • Serving our personal interests ahead of yours; • Allowing employees to take inappropriate advantage of their position with the firm; and • Actual or potential conflicts of interest or abuse of a position of trust and responsibility. Our name and reputation are a direct reflection of the conduct of our employees. The purpose of our Code of Ethics is to avoid activities that could lead to, or give the appearance of, conflicts of interest, insider trading, and other forms of prohibited or unethical business conduct. According to Section 206 of the Advisers Act, we are prohibited from engaging in fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative conduct. We are subject to the following fiduciary obligations during our relationship with you: • The duty to provide a reasonable and independent basis for our investment advice; • The duty to obtain the best execution whenever we direct your brokerage transactions; • The duty to ensure our investment advice meets your individual objectives, needs, and circumstances; and, • A duty to be loyal to you, and act solely in your best interest. All employees are expected to demonstrate the highest standards of moral and ethical conduct. We maintain a Code of Ethics (Code) that addresses standards of business conduct, conflicts of interest and personal trading. Please contact our Chief Compliance Officer, Patricia Stoll, for a copy of our Code of Ethics if you want additional details. You can reach her at (972) 960-1001. PRE-CLEARANCE FOR EMPLOYEE SECURITY PURCHASES LFC defines all employees as access persons. As such they are required to obtain prior approval from our CCO or designee for the purchase or sale of certain securities in their personal accounts or accounts where they have beneficial ownership. Limited exceptions are made in cases where the employee does not have discretion over their account. PERSONAL TRADING - REPORTING REQUIREMENTS Rule 204-2(a)(12) of the Advisers Act requires employees to report their personal securities transactions within thirty (30) calendar days following the end of each quarter. Employees are also required to provide initial and annual holdings reports. Our CCO monitors employee transactions to avoid transactions that are in conflict with our Code of Ethics. PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS On occasion, we recommend that a client buy or sell equity securities or investment products in 19 which our firm or employees have some financial interest. This could create a potential conflict of interest. To avoid conflicts of interest, we do not trade in conflict with the investment interests of our clients. Employees may not trade securities in their own accounts ahead of clients. Self-directed trades in employee accounts require pre-clearance before trading. When LFC has trading authority over the account, employee trades are aggregated with other client trades to avoid any conflict of interest. Most days, LFC only trades once at the end of the day. For certain investments, LFC blocks trades and everyone gets the average price. No client or employee is favored. Our employees must have prior approval from our Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) or designee before they can invest alongside clients in private investments. Prior approval is based, in part, on whether the partnership is illiquid or liquid. For illiquid partnerships, shares are limited; therefore, LFC clients receive first priority to invest. After LFC clients are given first priority, employees may invest alongside our clients’ interests. For liquid partnerships, shares are unlimited, so employees may invest alongside clients’ interests. LFC does not purchase securities from clients, nor do we sell securities to clients. We are prohibited from borrowing money or securities from clients, or lending money to clients. ITEM 12 – BROKERAGE PRACTICES SELECTING BROKERS financial strength, Factors that LFC considers in recommending broker-dealer/custodian to clients include a historical relationship with LFC, reputation, execution capabilities, ease of administration/management, security, pricing, research, and service. Although the commissions and/or transaction fees paid by LFC's clients shall comply with LFC's duty to obtain the best execution, a client may on occasion pay a commission/fee that is higher than another broker-dealer may charge to affect the same transaction where LFC determines, in good faith, that the commission/transaction fee is reasonable. In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of broker-dealer services, including the value of research provided, execution capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly, although LFC will seek competitive rates, it will not always obtain the lowest possible commission rates for client account transactions. The brokerage commissions or transaction fees charged by the designated broker- dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in addition to, LFC's investment management fee. Research and Additional Benefits LFC does not participate in any formal soft dollar arrangements. Although not a material consideration when determining whether to recommend that a client utilize the services of a particular broker-dealer/custodian, LFC receives from Fidelity and/or Schwab (or another broker-dealer/custodian, investment manager, platform, or fund sponsor) without cost (and/or at a discount) support services and/or products, certain of which assist LFC to better monitor 20 and service client accounts maintained at such institutions. For example, LFC receives support services including investment-related research, pricing information and market data, software and other technology that provide access to client account data, compliance and/or practice management- related publications, discounted or gratis consulting services, discounted and/or gratis attendance at conferences, meetings, and other educational and/or social events, marketing support, and/or other products used by LFC in furtherance of its investment advisory business operations. LFC’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or assets maintained at Fidelity and/or Schwab as a result of this arrangement. There is no corresponding commitment made by LFC to Fidelity and/or Schwab (or any other any entity) to invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities, or other investment products as a result of the above arrangement. Directed Brokerage When a client requests or instructs LFC to direct a portion of its securities transactions to a specified broker-dealer, LFC will attempt to affect such transactions in a manner consistent with its policy of seeking best execution and the price on each transaction. However, there may be occasions where LFC is unable to do so, in which case the Firm will continue to comply with the client’s instructions. Mutual Fund Share Class Selection When mutual funds are included as part of a client’s portfolio, LFC’s policy is to use the most suitable share class, which may be the lowest cost option. There are times where a fund with a higher expense ratio may provide a lower overall cost to the client given the client’s portfolio size, number of transactions and brokerage transaction fees. The portfolio managers will use their best discretion in determining what is lowest cost to the client. Annually, LFC will review the share classes of all recommended mutual funds in client accounts to determine if a share class conversion is appropriate. Electronic Confirmations/Account Statements: Unless you advise LFC to the contrary, in writing, LFC will advise the custodian that the client elects to receive electronic trade confirmations and account statements. TRADING METHODS We consolidate all trades for our clients and send them to their respective custodian, where they execute the trades as block orders. Software allocates the trades to the client accounts once executed. LFC recommends highly liquid securities for client portfolios and does not actively trade; as such, it is a rare event that purchases for a client’s portfolio are not executed in full on the same day. All equity orders are allocated on a pro-rata basis. No client, despite their cash needs or specific circumstance, may be deliberately allocated ahead of another. CLIENT-DIRECTED TRADING From time to time, clients direct LFC to place unsolicited trades for them in LFC managed accounts by specific verbal request per trade. Unsolicited trades are trades in securities that we did not recommend or research. On occasion, we provide this service for the convenience of our clients but do not recommend it or offer it as a routine part of our services. 21 ITEM 13 – REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS INVESTMENT POLICY STATEMENT(IPS) Our Portfolio Managers assist in establishing your Investment Policy Statement (IPS). The IPS outlines your investment goals and objectives and the portfolio strategies your LFC Portfolio Manager will employ in the management of your investment portfolio. Your Portfolio Manager will determine how your portfolio should be allocated based on factors including cash flow needs, liquidity, risk expectations, time horizon, and your portfolio needs and unique characteristics. Each investment advisory account is normally reviewed and analyzed by our Senior Portfolio Managers on a quarterly or as needed basis. Your accounts are analyzed to determine if they are being managed according to your objectives. Investment selections are reviewed with your entire portfolio's objectives in mind. Portfolio performance, risk profile, potential tax effects, and cash flows are also analyzed. Typical events that may cause LFC to re-analyze your accounts more often than a quarterly basis include: • Death of a spouse, parent, child, or another immediate family member; • Marriage or divorce; • Birth or adoption of a child; • Disability; • Purchase or sale of a business; • Change in employment status; and/or • Market dislocation or correction. Accounts are reviewed within the context of “The Prudent Man Rule” and “The Prudent Investor Rule.” The Prudent Man Rule requires an advisor to act with caution, discretion, loyalty, and care when reviewing a financial plan. However, this Rule does not restrict the investment of assets. The Prudent Investor Rule applies this standard of responsibility to the entire portfolio rather than to just individual investments. It also identifies the central trade-off between risk and return in a portfolio. All clients receive mailed or electronic statements directly from the custodians monthly or quarterly. Additionally, clients that are invested in private investments, not custodied at a qualified custodian, are provided an updated portfolio statement prepared by LFC on a quarterly basis. Information contained in the LFC prepared quarterly reports include account performance, holdings, and transactions for individual and consolidated accounts for each quarter and year-to-date. Portfolio information is also available on our website. Furthermore, LFC posts quarterly invoices for management fees to the client portal for all clients to see. Clients can receive this report by regular mail when requested. ITEM 14 – CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION We have numerous sources of client referrals including our existing client base, collaborative partners, business associates, other advisory firms, and friends and family members. We offer 22 compensation for referrals of clients to current employees and partners of LFC. Individuals participating in this arrangement must be registered with the state of Texas to participate. Payment is only made once the client has engaged LFC. LFC also engages a lead generation service for referrals of potential clients. A flat fee is paid for the service regardless of how many referrals become LFC clients. ITEM 15 – CUSTODY LFC does not maintain physical custody of client assets. Rather, each client appoints a qualified custodian to take possession of client funds and securities. We do not accept cash or physical securities. We have procedures in place to direct our associated persons on handling the inadvertent receipt of any client funds or securities. Nevertheless, we are deemed to have custody when we are authorized, by the client, to directly debit our advisory fees from the client’s custodian account. We are also deemed to have custody when a client establishes certain types of letters of instruction or other asset transfer authorization arrangements with their qualified custodian, authorizing us to disburse funds to one or more third parties specifically designated by the client. Clients who own a limited partnership interest in one of the LFC Partnerships or the Fund may hold the investment at another custodian/broker, subject to that custodian’s policies and procedures; however, LFC does not have discretion or investment authority over these accounts. Additionally, limited partnership interest not held in a retirement account may be held directly and outside of a custodian. Clients may have an account with one or more custodian. Custodian(s) will send clients a quarterly statement. If clients own private assets which are not held at a custodian, LFC will send clients statements on a quarterly basis. We urge you to review and compare account statements received from the independent qualified custodians to those provided by LFC for accuracy. Whether private assets are listed on the custodian statements will depend on the independent qualified custodian’s determination of whether they can hold those assets and if the assets have been purchased through the custodian. Private assets which are not held at a custodian include partnerships such as real estate, private equity, or hedge funds and would include assets for which LFC serves as the General Partner or Managing Member. Private assets for which LFC serves as the General Partner or Managing Member will provide audited financial statements each year. Custodians typically charge additional fees for these assets. NATIONAL ADVISORS TRUST COMPANY (NATC) LFC is a shareholder of National Advisor Holdings, Inc. (NAH), a Delaware corporation organized in August 1999. LFC holds less than 1.0% in the aggregate of the outstanding stock of NAH. NAH has chartered an institution through the Office of Thrift Supervision known as National Advisers Trust Company (NATC). NATC provides custody, banking, and trust services to clients of registered investment advisory firms, such as LFC, across the United States. 23 The LFC ownership percentage is not a material amount to LFC or NATC. Both LFC and NATC entities are operationally independent from each other. LFC is not deemed to have any custody of NATC assets. Our clients make their own determination to use custodial or trust services provided by NATC and can choose to use another custodian and still retain LFC to provide investment advice. LFC engages in practices and/or services on behalf of its clients (see prior disclosure regarding Trustee Services and serving as the General Partner of LFC Partnerships or Managing Member of the Fund) that require disclosure in the Custody section of Part 1A of Form ADV (found online). Practices and/or services are subject to an annual surprise custody examination in accordance with the requirements of Rule 206(4)-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and/or an annual certified financial audit by a PCAOB certified public accountant. ITEM 16 – INVESTMENT DISCRETION Trading discretion means that LFC will place trades on your behalf in your accounts at will and without additional permission granted by you. You give LFC discretionary authority to trade securities on your behalf by signing an investment advisory agreement. You have the ability to place restrictions on your accounts to limit this authority by restricting particular securities, types of securities by industry, or whole asset classes (e.g., ABC stock, energy stocks, all stocks). All restrictions of securities must be submitted in writing to LFC. Discretionary authority includes, but is not limited to: • Which securities are traded (bought or sold); • The amount of securities purchased or sold; • Which broker-dealer is utilized if executed outside of custodian platform; and/or • What commission rates are paid (if negotiable). Please Note: LFC will not take discretionary authority or exercise control over your investment in any private investment transactions, such as purchase or sale of partnership interests. Investments made in private assets require direct and written client approval on each investment. ITEM 17 – VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES When designated in writing to do so, LFC votes proxies on behalf of clients. Unless a client designates otherwise, LFC shall vote proxies for client securities consistent with LFC's proxy voting policies. LFC uses a third-party proxy voting service, Broadridge ProxyEdge, to electronically vote client proxies when available. Our policy is to always vote proxies in the best interest of our clients. Absent mitigating circumstances and/or conflicts of interest, it is LFC’s policy to follow Broadridge’s voting practices, 24 in accordance with The Glass Lewis Investment Manager Guidelines designed to maximize returns for investment managers by voting in a manner consistent with such managers’ active investment decision-making. The guidelines are designed to increase investor’s potential financial gain through the use of the shareholder vote while also allowing management and the board discretion to direct the operations, including governance and compensation, of the firm. The guidelines will ensure that all issues brought to shareholders are analyzed in light of the fiduciary responsibilities unique to investment advisors and investment companies on behalf of individual investor clients including mutual fund shareholders. The guidelines will encourage the maximization of return for such clients through identifying and avoiding financial, audit and corporate governance risks. Generally, votes are in favor of routine corporate proposals such as the election of directors and selection of auditors. LFC assists clients in completing applicable forms and compiling the necessary documentation to grant the custodian authority to send proxy materials directly to LFC. These instructions are incorporated into the custodian’s account application, which is completed by the client when a new account is opened. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Conflicts of interest may arise when LFC votes proxy for various reasons. When a conflict occurs, LFC will follow the recommendation of the third-party voting service. If conflicts are identified where the third-party service cannot be used, LFC will notify the client and make the decision to either have other designated persons at LFC vote the proxy or forward the proxy to the client directly for them to vote it. PROXY VOTING RECORDS AND REQUESTS FOR PROXY VOTING INFORMATION LFC maintains: • Documentation of proxy voting records and any material used in making proxy voting decisions; • Client requests for information as to how we voted a particular proxy, and a copy of the response from LFC to any requests for information; and • Proxy voting policies and procedures. A copy of our proxy voting procedures, proxy voting records and any supplemental documentation material, if applicable, is available to clients upon request to our CCO. ITEM 18 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION Registered investment advisers are required to provide certain financial information or disclosures about their financial condition. LFC does not require or solicit prepayment of fees six months or more in advance. Additionally, LFC has no financial commitment that impairs its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients and has not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding. 25