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Item 1
Cover Page
Condor Capital Wealth Management
SEC File Number: 801 – 33145
ADV Part 2A, Firm Brochure
Dated: March 19, 2025
Contact: Michael R. Walliser, Chief Compliance Officer
michaelw@condorcapital.com
1973 Washington Valley Road
Martinsville, New Jersey 08836
www.condorcapital.com
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Condor
Capital Wealth Management. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please
contact us at (732) 356-7323 or michaelw@condorcapital.com. The information in this brochure
has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by
any state securities authority.
Additional information about Condor Capital Wealth Management also is available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
References herein to Condor Capital Wealth Management as a “registered investment adviser” or
any reference to being “registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Item 2
Material Changes
There have been no material changes to this Brochure since our last Annual Amendment filing, made on
March 20, 2024.
Condor Capital Wealth Management’s Chief Compliance Officer, Michael R. Walliser, remains
available to address any questions that an existing or prospective client may have regarding this
Brochure.
Item 3
Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page ................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 Material Changes .......................................................................................................................... 2
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3
Item 4 Advisory Business ........................................................................................................................ 3
Fees and Compensation .............................................................................................................. 10
Item 5
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management .......................................................... 12
Types of Clients .......................................................................................................................... 12
Item 7
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss .................................................. 12
Item 9 Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................................ 16
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................. 16
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ............. 16
Item 12 Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................... 17
Item 13 Review of Accounts ................................................................................................................... 20
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation .................................................................................. 21
Item 15 Custody ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Item 16
Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 22
Item 17 Voting Client Securities ............................................................................................................. 22
Item 18 Financial Information ................................................................................................................. 23
2
Item 4
Advisory Business
A. Condor Capital Wealth Management (the “Registrant”) is a New Jersey corporation
formed on September 2, 1988. The Registrant became registered as an Investment
Adviser Firm in November 1988. The Registrant is principally owned by Kenneth
Schapiro, the Registrant’s President.
B.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The Registrant provides discretionary and/or non-discretionary investment advisory
services on a fee-only basis. The Registrant’s annual investment advisory fee is based
upon a percentage (%) of the market value of the assets placed under the Registrant’s
management. Before engaging the Registrant to provide investment advisory services,
clients are required to enter into an Investment Advisory Agreement with Registrant
setting forth the terms and conditions of the engagement (including termination),
describing the scope of the services to be provided, and the fee that is due from the client.
Before Registrant provides investment advisory services, an investment adviser
representative will ascertain each client’s investment objectives. Thereafter, the
Registrant will allocate and/or recommend that the client allocate investment assets
consistent with the designated investment objectives. Once allocated, the Registrant
provides ongoing monitoring and review of account performance and asset allocation as
compared to client investment objectives
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
The Registrant may provide financial planning and/or consulting services (including
investment and non-investment related matters, including estate planning, insurance
planning, etc.) on a stand-alone separate fee basis.
Prior to engaging the Registrant to provide planning or consulting services, clients are
generally required to enter into a Financial Planning and Consulting Agreement with
Registrant setting forth the terms and conditions of the engagement (including
termination), describing the scope of the services to be provided, and the portion of the
fee that is due from the client prior to Registrant commencing services. If requested by
the client, Registrant may recommend the services of other professionals for
implementation purposes. The client is under no obligation to engage the services of any
such recommended professional. The client retains absolute discretion over all such
implementation decisions and is free to accept or reject any recommendation from the
Registrant.
If the client engages any recommended unaffiliated professional, and a dispute arises
thereafter relative to such engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from
and against the engaged professional. At all times, the engaged licensed professional(s)
(i.e., attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.), and not the Registrant, shall be
responsible for the quality and competency of the services provided.
It remains the client’s responsibility to promptly notify the Registrant if there is ever any
change in their financial situation or investment objectives for the purpose of reviewing,
evaluating or revising Registrant’s previous recommendations and/or services.
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PENSION CONSULTING
Registrant may be engaged to render consulting services to the sponsors of "participant-
directed" retirement plans established by the sponsors pursuant to Section 404(c) of
ERISA. Section 404(c) permits a Plan participant to exercise control over the assets
contained in his/her individual retirement account.
To the extent that the plan sponsor engages the Registrant in an ERISA Section 3(21)
capacity, the Registrant will assist with the selection and/or monitoring of investment
options (generally open-end mutual funds and exchange traded funds) from which plan
participants shall choose in self-directing the investments for their individual plan
retirement accounts.
If the plan sponsor chooses to engage the Registrant in an ERISA Section 3(38) capacity,
Registrant may provide the same services as described above, but may also: create
specific asset allocation models that Registrant manages on a discretionary basis, which
plan participants may choose in managing their individual retirement account; and/or
modify the investment options made available to plan participants on a discretionary
basis.
MISCELLANEOUS
Limitations of Financial Planning and Non-Investment Consulting/Implementation
Services. As indicated above, to the extent requested by a client, Registrant may provide
financial planning and related consulting services. Neither the Registrant nor its
investment adviser representatives assist clients with the implementation of any financial
plan, unless they have agreed to do so in writing. The Registrant does not monitor a
client’s financial plan, and it is the client’s responsibility to revisit the financial plan with
the Registrant, if desired.
Registrant does not serve as an attorney, accountant, or insurance agency, and no portion
of its services should be construed as legal, accounting, or insurance brokerage services.
Accordingly, Registrant does not prepare estate planning documents, tax returns or sell
insurance products. To the extent requested by a client, Registrant may recommend the
services of other professionals for certain non-investment implementation purpose (i.e.,
attorneys, accountants, insurance agents, etc.). Clients are reminded that they are under
no obligation to engage the services of any such recommended professional. The client
retains absolute discretion over all such implementation decisions and is free to accept or
reject any recommendation made by Registrant or its representatives.
If the client engages any unaffiliated recommended professional, and a dispute arises
thereafter relative to such engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from
and against the engaged professional. At all times, the engaged licensed professional[s]
(i.e., attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.), and not the Registrant, shall be
responsible for the quality and competency of the services provided.
Retirement Rollovers-Potential for Conflict of Interest: A client or prospective client
leaving an employer typically has four options regarding an existing retirement plan (and
may engage in a combination of these options): (i) leave the money in the former
employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over the assets to the new employer’s plan, if one is
available and rollovers are permitted, (iii) roll over to an Individual Retirement Account
(“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value (which could, depending upon the client’s
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age, result in adverse tax consequences). If Registrant recommends that a client roll over
their retirement plan assets into an account to be managed by Registrant, such a
recommendation creates a conflict of interest if Registrant will earn new (or increase its
current) compensation as a result of
the rollover. If Registrant provides a
recommendation as to whether a client should engage in a rollover or not (whether it is
from an employer’s plan or an existing IRA), Registrant is acting as a fiduciary within the
meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal
Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. No client is
under any obligation to roll over retirement plan assets to an account managed by
Registrant, whether it is from an employer’s plan or an existing IRA.
Non-Discretionary Service Limitations. Clients that determine to engage Registrant on
a non-discretionary investment advisory basis must be willing to accept that Registrant
cannot effect any account transactions without obtaining prior consent to any such
transaction(s) from the client. Therefore, in the event that Registrant would like to make a
transaction for a client’s account (including an individual holding or in the event of
general market correction), and the client is unavailable, Registrant will be unable to
effect the account transaction(s) (as it would for its discretionary clients) without first
obtaining the client’s consent.
Account Aggregation Tools. In conjunction with the services provided by third party
service providers, the Registrant may also provide periodic comprehensive reporting
services, which can incorporate all of the client’s investment assets including those
investment assets that are not part of the assets managed by the Registrant (the “Excluded
Assets”). The Registrant’s service relative to the Excluded Assets is limited to reporting
services only, which does not include investment implementation.
Because the Registrant does not have trading authority for the Excluded Assets, to the
extent applicable to the nature of the Excluded Assets (assets over which the client
maintains trading authority vs. trading authority designated to another investment
professional), the client (and/or the other investment professional), and not the Registrant,
shall be exclusively responsible for directly implementing any recommendations relative
to the Excluded Assets. Rather, the client and/or their other advisors that maintain trading
authority, and not the Registrant, shall be exclusively responsible for the investment
performance of the Excluded Assets.
limiting
the above,
the Registrant shall not be responsible for any
Without
implementation error (timing, trading, etc.) relative to the Excluded Assets. In the event
the client desires that the Registrant provide investment management services (whereby
the Registrant would have trading authority) with respect to the Excluded Assets, the
client may engage the Registrant to do so pursuant to the terms and conditions of the
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and the client.
Use of Mutual and Exchange Traded Funds: Most mutual funds and exchange traded
funds are available directly to the public. Therefore, a prospective client can obtain many
of the funds that may be utilized by Registrant independent of engaging Registrant as an
investment advisor. However, if a prospective client determines to do so, he/she will not
receive the Registrant’s initial and ongoing investment advisory services.
In addition to Registrant’s investment advisory fee described below, and transaction
and/or custodial fees discussed below, clients will also incur, relative to all mutual fund
5
and exchange traded fund purchases, charges imposed at the fund level (e.g.,
management fees and other fund expenses).
Private Investment Funds. Registrant may recommend that certain qualified clients
consider an investment in unaffiliated private investment funds. Registrant’s role relative
to the private investment funds shall be limited to its initial and ongoing due diligence
and investment monitoring services. Registrant’s clients are under absolutely no
obligation to consider or make an investment in a private investment fund(s).
Risks: Private investment funds generally involve various risk factors, including, but not
limited to, potential for complete loss of principal, liquidity constraints and lack of
transparency, a complete discussion of which is set forth in each fund’s offering
documents, which will be provided to each client for review and consideration. Unlike
liquid investments that a client may own, private investment funds do not provide daily
liquidity or pricing. Each prospective client investor will be required to complete a
Subscription Agreement, pursuant to which the client shall establish that he/she is
qualified for investment in the fund, and acknowledges and accepts the various risk
factors that are associated with such an investment.
Valuation: If Registrant bills an investment advisory fee based upon the value of private
investment funds or otherwise references private investment funds owned by the client on
any supplemental account reports prepared by Registrant, the value for all private
investment funds owned by the client will reflect the most recent valuation provided by
the fund sponsor. The current value of any private investment fund could be significantly
more or less than the original purchase price or the price reflected in any supplemental
account report.
the
Socially Responsible (ESG) Investing Limitations. Socially Responsible Investing
incorporation of Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”)
involves
considerations into the investment due diligence process. Registrant does not maintain or
advocate an ESG investment strategy but will seek to employ ESG if directed by a client
to do so. If implemented, Registrant shall rely upon the assessments undertaken by the
unaffiliated mutual fund, exchange traded fund or separate account portfolio manager to
determine that the fund’s or portfolio’s underlying company securities meet a socially
responsible mandate.
(i.e., considers how a company safeguards
ESG investing incorporates a set of criteria/factors used in evaluating potential
investments: Environmental
the
environment); Social (i.e., the manner in which a company manages relationships with
its employees, customers, and the communities in which it operates); and Governance
(i.e., company management considerations). The number of companies that meet an
acceptable ESG mandate can be limited when compared to those that do not and could
underperform broad market indices.
Investors must accept these limitations, including potential for underperformance.
Correspondingly, the number of ESG mutual funds and exchange-traded funds are
limited when compared to those that do not maintain such a mandate. As with any type of
investment (including any investment and/or investment strategies recommended and/or
undertaken by Registrant), there can be no assurance that investment in ESG securities or
funds will be profitable or prove successful.
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Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, and Digital Assets. For clients who want exposure to Bitcoin,
cryptocurrencies, or digital assets, the Registrant, will advise the client to consider a
potential investment in corresponding exchange traded securities, or an allocation to
separate account managers and/or private funds that provide cryptocurrency exposure.
Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies are digital assets that can be used for various purposes,
including transactions, decentralized applications, and speculative investments. Most
digital assets use blockchain technology, an advanced cryptographic digital ledger to
secure transactions and validate asset ownership. Unlike conventional currencies issued
and regulated by monetary authorities, cryptocurrencies generally operate without
centralized control, and their value is determined by market supply and demand. While
regulatory oversight of digital assets has evolved significantly since their inception, they
remain subject to variable regulatory treatment globally, which may impact their risk
profile and liquidity.
Bitcoin, cryptocurrency, and digital asset investments are speculative and subject to
extreme price volatility, liquidity constraints, and the potential for total loss of principal.
The speculative nature of digital assets notwithstanding, the Registrant may (but is not
obligated to) utilize crypto exposure in one or more of its asset allocation strategies for
diversification purposes. Investment in Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, or digital assets carry
the potential for liquidity constraints, extreme price volatility, regulatory risk,
technological risk, security and custody risk, and complete loss of principal.
Clients can notify the Registrant, in writing, to exclude cryptocurrency exposure from
their accounts. Absent the Registrant’s receipt of such written notice from the client, the
Registrant may (but is not obligated to) utilize cryptocurrency as part of its asset
allocation strategies for client accounts.
Independent Managers. Registrant may recommend that the client allocate a portion of
a client’s investment assets among unaffiliated independent investment managers
(“Independent Manager(s)”) in accordance with the client’s designated investment
objective(s). In such situations, the Independent Manager(s) will have day-to-day
responsibility for the active discretionary management of the allocated assets. Registrant
will continue to render investment supervisory services to the client relative to the
ongoing monitoring and review of account performance, asset allocation, and client
investment objectives. The Registrant generally considers the following factors when
recommending Independent Manager(s): the client’s designated investment objective(s),
management style, performance, reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing, and
research. The management fees, which may include performance based fees, are charged
by the designated Independent Manager(s) are exclusive of, and in addition to,
Registrant’s ongoing investment advisory fee, subject to the terms and conditions of a
separate agreement between the client and the Independent Manager(s). Registrant’s
advisory fee is set forth in the fee schedule at Item 5 below.
Cash Positions. Registrant continues to treat cash as an asset class. As such, unless
determined to the contrary by Registrant, all cash positions (money markets, etc.) shall
continue to be included as part of assets under management for purposes of calculating
Registrant’s advisory fee. At any specific point in time, depending upon perceived or
anticipated market conditions/events (there being no guarantee that such anticipated
market conditions/events will occur), Registrant may maintain cash positions for
defensive purposes. In addition, while assets are maintained in cash, such amounts could
7
miss market advances. Depending upon current yields, at any point in time, Registrant’s
advisory fee could exceed the interest paid by the client’s money market fund.
Cash Sweep Accounts. Certain account custodians can require that cash proceeds from
account transactions or new deposits, be swept to and/or initially maintained in a
specific custodian designated sweep account. The yield on the sweep account will
generally be lower than those available for other money market accounts. When this
occurs, to help mitigate the corresponding yield dispersion Registrant shall (usually
within 30 days thereafter) generally (with exceptions) purchase a higher yielding money
market fund (or other type security) available on the custodian’s platform, unless
Registrant reasonably anticipates that it will utilize the cash proceeds during the
subsequent 30-day period to purchase additional investments for the client’s account.
Exceptions and/or modifications can and will occur with respect to all or a portion of the
cash balances for various reasons, including, but not limited to the amount of dispersion
between the sweep account and a money market fund, the size of the cash balance, an
indication from the client of an imminent need for such cash, or the client has a
demonstrated history of writing checks from the account.
The above does not apply to the cash component maintained within a Registrant actively
managed investment strategy (the cash balances for which shall generally remain in the
custodian designated cash sweep account), an indication from the client of a need for
access to such cash, assets allocated to an unaffiliated investment manager and cash
balances maintained for fee billing purposes.
The client shall remain exclusively responsible for yield dispersion/cash balance
decisions and corresponding transactions for cash balances maintained in any Registrant
unmanaged accounts.
Interval Funds/Risks and Limitations: Where appropriate, Registrant may utilize
interval funds (and other types of securities that could pose additional risks, including
lack of liquidity and restrictions on withdrawals). An interval fund is a non-traditional
type of closed-end mutual fund that periodically offers to buy back a percentage of
outstanding shares from shareholders. Investments in an interval fund involve additional
risk, including lack of liquidity and restrictions on withdrawals.
During any time periods outside of the specified repurchase offer window(s), investors
will be unable to sell their shares of the interval fund. There is no assurance that an
investor will be able to tender shares when or in the amount desired. There can also be
situations where an interval fund has a limited amount of capacity to repurchase shares
and may not be able to fulfill all purchase orders. In addition, the eventual sale price for
the interval fund could be less than the interval fund value on the date that the sale was
requested.
While an internal fund periodically offers to repurchase a portion of its securities, there is
no guarantee that investors may sell their shares at any given time or in the desired
amount. As interval funds can expose investors to liquidity risk, investors should consider
interval fund shares to be an illiquid investment. Typically, the interval funds are not
listed on any securities exchange and are not publicly traded. Therefore, there is no
secondary market for the fund’s shares.
8
Because these types of investments involve certain additional risk, these funds will only
be utilized when consistent with a client’s investment objectives, individual situation,
suitability, tolerance for risk and liquidity needs. Investment should be avoided where an
investor has a short-term investing horizon and/or cannot bear the loss of some, or all, of
the investment. There can be no assurance that an interval fund investment will prove
profitable or successful. In light of these enhanced risks, a client may direct Registrant, in
writing, not to purchase interval funds for the client’s account.
Portfolio Activity. Registrant has a fiduciary duty to provide services consistent with the
client’s best interest. As part of its investment advisory services, Registrant will review
client portfolios on an ongoing basis to determine if any changes are necessary based
upon various factors, including, but not limited to, investment performance, fund
manager tenure, style drift, account additions/withdrawals, and/or a change in the client’s
investment objective. Based upon these factors, there may be extended periods of time
when Registrant determines that changes to a client’s portfolio are neither necessary nor
prudent. Clients nonetheless remain subject to the fees described in Item 5 below during
periods of account inactivity.
Client Obligations. In performing its services, Registrant shall not be required to verify
any information received from the client or from the client’s other professionals, and is
expressly authorized to rely thereon. Moreover, each client is advised that it remains their
responsibility to promptly notify the Registrant if there is ever any change in their
financial situation or investment objectives for the purpose of reviewing, evaluating or
revising Registrant’s previous recommendations and/or services.
Cybersecurity Risk. The information technology systems and networks that Registrant
and its third-party service providers use to provide services to Registrant’s clients employ
various controls that are designed to prevent cybersecurity incidents stemming from
intentional or unintentional actions that could cause significant interruptions in
Registrant’s operations and/or result in the unauthorized acquisition or use of clients’
confidential or non-public personal information.
In accordance with Regulation S-P, the Registrant is committed to protecting the privacy
and security of its clients' non-public personal information by implementing appropriate
administrative, technical, and physical safeguards. Registrant has established processes to
mitigate the risks of cybersecurity incidents, including the requirement to restrict access
to such sensitive data and to monitor its systems for potential breaches. Clients and
Registrant are nonetheless subject to the risk of cybersecurity incidents that could
ultimately cause them to incur financial losses and/or other adverse consequences.
Although the Registrant has established processes to reduce the risk of cybersecurity
incidents, there is no guarantee that these efforts will always be successful, especially
considering that the Registrant does not control the cybersecurity measures and policies
employed by third-party service providers, issuers of securities, broker-dealers, qualified
custodians, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchanges, and other financial
market operators and providers. In compliance with Regulation S-P, the Registrant will
notify clients in the event of a data breach involving their non-public personal
information as required by applicable state and federal laws.
Disclosure Statement. A copy of the Registrant’s written Brochure and Client
Relationship Summary, as set forth on Part 2A of Form ADV and Form CRS
9
respectively, shall be provided to each client prior to, or contemporaneously with, the
execution of the Investment Advisory Agreement or Financial Planning Agreement.
to providing
investment advisory services, an
C. The Registrant shall provide investment advisory services specific to the needs of each
investment adviser
client. Prior
representative will ascertain each client’s investment objective(s). Thereafter, the
Registrant shall allocate and/or recommend that the client allocate investment assets
consistent with the designated investment objective(s). The client may, at any time,
impose reasonable restrictions, in writing, on the Registrant’s services.
D. The Registrant does not participate in a wrap fee program.
E. As of December 31, 2024, the Registrant had $1,691,280,302 in assets under
management on a discretionary basis and $305,124,977 in assets under management on a
non-discretionary basis.
Item 5
Fees and Compensation
A.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The Registrant’s annual investment advisory fee shall be based upon a percentage (%) of
the market value and type of assets placed under the Registrant’s management as follows:
Market Value of Portfolio % of Assets
$0 to $1,000,000 1.00%
Over $1,000,000 0.75%
The Registrant generally requires an annual minimum asset level of $500,000 for
investment advisory services. The Registrant, in its sole discretion, may reduce its
investment management fee and/or reduce or waive its minimum asset requirement based
upon certain criteria (i.e., anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional
assets, dollar amount of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition,
negotiations with client, etc.). The Registrant may also, at its sole discretion, offer limited
concierge services to is advisory clients, for an additional hourly fee ranging from $100
to $250 per hour.
The Registrant’s investment advisory fee is negotiable at its discretion, depending upon
objective and subjective factors including but not limited to: the amount of assets to be
managed; portfolio composition; the scope and complexity of the engagement; the
anticipated number of meetings and servicing needs; related accounts; future earning
capacity; anticipated future additional assets; the professional(s) rendering the service(s);
prior relationships with the Registrant and/or its representatives, and negotiations with the
client. As a result of these factors, similarly situated clients could pay different fees, the
services to be provided by the Registrant to any particular client could be available from
other advisers at lower fees, and certain clients may have fees different than those
specifically set forth above.
10
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
The Registrant’s planning and consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from
$500 to $3,000 on a fixed fee basis, and from $200 to $300 on an hourly rate basis,
depending upon the level and scope of the service(s) required and the professional(s)
rendering the service(s).
PENSION CONSULTING
The Registrant’s pension consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from 0.25%
to 0.50% of the market value of the assets in the Plan.
B. Clients may elect to have the Registrant’s advisory fees deducted from their custodial
account. Both Registrant's Investment Advisory Agreement and the custodial/clearing
agreement may authorize the custodian to debit the account for the amount of the
Registrant's investment advisory fee and to directly remit that management fee to the
Registrant in compliance with regulatory procedures. In the limited event that the
Registrant bills the client directly, payment is due upon receipt of the Registrant’s
invoice.
The Registrant shall deduct fees and/or bill clients quarterly in advance, based upon the
value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter. The Registrant
includes accrued interest and dividends in the valuation of client assets.
C. As discussed below, unless the client directs otherwise or an individual client’s
circumstances require, the Registrant shall generally recommend that Charles Schwab
and Co., Inc. (“Schwab”) or Fidelity Investments, Inc. (“Fidelity”) serve as the broker-
dealer/custodian for client investment management assets.
Broker-dealers such as Schwab and Fidelity charge brokerage commissions, transaction,
and/or other type fees for effecting certain types of securities transactions (i.e., including
transaction fees for certain mutual funds, and mark-ups and mark-downs charged for
fixed income transactions, etc.). The types of securities for which transaction fees,
commissions, and/or other type fees (as well as the amount of those fees) shall differ
depending upon the broker-dealer/custodian. While certain custodians, including Schwab
and Fidelity, generally (with the potential exception for large orders) do not currently
charge fees on individual equity transactions (including ETFs), others do.
There can be no assurance that Schwab or Fidelity will not change their transaction fee
pricing in the future.
Schwab or Fidelity may also assess fees to clients who elect to receive trade
confirmations and account statements by regular mail rather than electronically.
Clients will incur, in addition to Registrant’s investment management fee, brokerage
commissions and/or transaction fees, and, relative to all mutual fund and exchange traded
fund purchases, charges imposed at the fund level (e.g., management fees and other fund
expenses).
Tradeaway/Prime Broker Fees. Relative to its discretionary investment management
services, when beneficial to the client, individual equity and/or fixed income transactions
may be effected through broker-dealers other than the account custodian, in which event,
11
the client generally will incur both the fee (commission, mark-up/mark-down) charged by
the executing broker-dealer and a separate “tradeaway” and/or prime broker fee charged
by the account custodian (i.e., Schwab or Fidelity).
D. The Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and the client will continue
in effect until terminated by either party by written notice in accordance with the terms of
the Investment Advisory Agreement. Upon termination, the Registrant shall refund the
pro-rated portion of the advanced advisory fee paid based upon the number of days
remaining in the billing quarter.
E. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives accept compensation from the sale of
securities or other investment products.
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
The Registrant will not enter into an advisory agreement with a performance-based fee
component. However, certain independent managers recommended by the Registrant
may require a participating client to enter a separate performance-based fee arrangement.
Item 7
Types of Clients
The Registrant’s clients shall generally include individuals, business entities, trusts,
pension and profit sharing plans, estates and charitable organizations.
Item 8
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. The Registrant may utilize the following methods of security analysis:
• Charting - (analysis performed using patterns to identify current trends and trend
reversals to forecast the direction of prices)
• Fundamental - (analysis performed on historical and present data, with the goal
of making financial forecasts)
• Technical – (analysis performed on historical and present data, focusing on price
and trade volume, to forecast the direction of prices)
• Cyclical – (analysis performed on historical relationships between price and
market trends, to forecast the direction of prices)
The Registrant may utilize the following investment strategies when implementing
investment advice given to clients:
• Long Term Purchases (securities held at least a year)
• Short Term Purchases (securities sold within a year)
• Trading (securities sold within thirty (30) days)
Investment Risk. Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be
prepared to bear. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and it
should not be assumed that future performance of any specific investment or investment
strategy (including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or
12
undertaken by the Registrant) will be profitable or equal any specific performance
level(s).
Investors generally face the following types of investment risks:
•
Interest-rate Risk: Fluctuations in interest rates may cause investment prices to
fluctuate. For example, when interest rates rise, yields on existing bonds become less
attractive, causing their market values to decline.
• Market Risk: The price of a security, bond, or mutual fund may drop in reaction to
tangible and intangible events and conditions. This type of risk may be caused by
external factors independent of the fund’s specific investments as well as due to the
fund’s specific investments. Additionally, each security’s price will fluctuate based
on market movement and emotion, which may, or may not be due to the security’s
operations or changes in its true value. For example, political, economic and social
conditions may trigger market events which are temporarily negative, or temporarily
positive.
•
Inflation Risk: When any type of inflation is present, a dollar today will not buy as
much as a dollar next year, because purchasing power is eroding at the rate of
inflation.
• Reinvestment Risk: This is the risk that future proceeds from investments may have
to be reinvested at a potentially lower rate of return (i.e., interest rate). This primarily
relates to fixed income securities.
• Liquidity Risk: Liquidity is the ability to readily convert an investment into cash.
Generally, assets are more liquid if many traders are interested in a standardized
product. For example, Treasury Bills are highly liquid, while real estate properties
are not.
• Financial Risk: Excessive borrowing to finance a business’ operations increases the
risk of profitability, because the company must meet the terms of its obligations in
good times and bad. During periods of financial stress, the inability to meet loan
obligations may result in bankruptcy and/or a declining market value.
B. The Registrant’s methods of analysis and investment strategies do not present any
significant or unusual risks. However, every method of analysis has its own inherent
risks. To perform an accurate market analysis the Registrant must have access to
current/new market information. The Registrant has no control over the dissemination
rate of market information; therefore, unbeknownst to the Registrant, certain analyses
may be compiled with outdated market information, severely limiting the value of the
Registrant’s analysis. Furthermore, an accurate market analysis can only produce a
forecast of the direction of market values. There can be no assurances that a forecasted
change in market value will materialize into actionable and/or profitable investment
opportunities.
The Registrant’s primary investment strategies - Long Term Purchases, Short Term
Purchases, and Trading - are fundamental investment strategies. However, every
investment strategy has its own inherent risks and limitations. For example, longer term
investment strategies require a longer investment time period to allow for the strategy to
potentially develop. Shorter term investment strategies require a shorter investment time
period to potentially develop but, as a result of more frequent trading, may incur higher
transactional costs when compared to a longer term investment strategy. Trading, an
13
investment strategy that requires the purchase and sale of securities within a thirty (30)
day investment time period involves a very short investment time period but will incur
higher transaction costs when compared to a short term investment strategy and
substantially higher transaction costs than a longer term investment strategy.
C. Currently, the Registrant primarily allocates client investment assets among various
individual equity (stocks), debt (bonds) and fixed income securities, mutual funds and/or
exchange traded funds (“ETFs) and exchange traded notes.
Borrowing Against Assets/Risks. A client who has a need to borrow money could
determine to do so by using:
• Margin-The account custodian or broker-dealer lends money to the client. The
custodian charges the client interest for the right to borrow money, and uses the
assets in the client’s brokerage account as collateral; and,
• Pledged Assets Loan- In consideration for a lender (i.e., a bank, etc.) to make a loan
to the client, the client pledges investment assets held at the account custodian as
collateral.
These above-described collateralized loans are generally utilized because they typically
provide more favorable interest rates than standard commercial loans. These types of
collateralized loans can assist with a pending home purchase, permit the retirement of
more expensive debt, or enable borrowing in lieu of liquidating existing account positions
and incurring capital gains taxes. However, such loans are not without potential material
risk to the client’s investment assets. The lender (i.e., custodian, bank, etc.) will have
recourse against the client’s investment assets in the event of loan default or if the assets
fall below a certain level. For this reason, Registrant does not recommend such
borrowing unless it is for specific short-term purposes (i.e., a bridge loan to purchase a
new residence). Registrant does not recommend such borrowing for investment purposes
(i.e., to invest borrowed funds in the market). Regardless, if the client was to determine to
utilize margin or a pledged assets loan, the following economic benefits would inure to
Registrant:
• by taking the loan rather than liquidating assets in the client’s account, Registrant
•
•
continues to earn a fee on such Account assets; and,
if the client invests any portion of the loan proceeds in an account to be managed by
Registrant, Registrant will receive an advisory fee on the invested amount; and,
if Registrant’s advisory fee is based upon the higher margined account value,
Registrant will earn a correspondingly higher advisory fee. This could provide
Registrant with a disincentive to encourage the client to discontinue the use of
margin.
The Client must accept the above risks and potential corresponding consequences
associated with the use of margin or a pledged assets loan.
The Registrant may also allocate investment management assets of its client accounts, on
a discretionary basis, among one or more of its asset allocation programs (i.e.,
Aggressive, Moderately Aggressive, Moderate, and Conservative) as designated on the
Investment Advisory Agreement. Registrant’s asset allocation strategies have been
designed to comply with the requirements of Rule 3a-4 of the Investment Company Act
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of 1940. Rule 3a-4 provides similarly managed investment programs, such as
Registrant’s asset allocation programs, with a non-exclusive safe harbor from the
definition of an investment company. In accordance with Rule 3a-4, the following
disclosure is applicable to Registrant’s management of client assets:
1. Initial Interview – at the opening of the account, the Registrant, through its designated
representatives, shall obtain from the client information sufficient to determine the
client’s financial situation and investment objectives;
2. Individual Treatment - the account is managed on the basis of the client’s financial
situation and investment objectives;
3. Quarterly Notice – at least quarterly the Registrant shall notify the client to advise the
Registrant whether the client’s financial situation or investment objectives have changed,
or if the client wants to impose and/or modify any reasonable restrictions on the
management of the account;
4. Annual Contact – at least annually, the Registrant shall contact the client to determine
whether the client’s financial situation or investment objectives have changed, or if the
client wants to impose and/or modify any reasonable restrictions on the management of
the account;
5. Consultation Available – the Registrant shall be reasonably available to consult with
the client relative to the status of the account;
6. Quarterly Report – the client shall be provided with a quarterly report for the account
for the preceding period;
7. Ability to Impose Restrictions – the client shall have the ability to impose reasonable
restrictions on the management of the account, including the ability to instruct the
Registrant not to purchase certain securities;
8. No Pooling – the client’s beneficial interest in a security does not represent an
undivided interest in all the securities held by the custodian, but rather represents a direct
and beneficial interest in the securities which comprise the account;
9. Separate Account - a separate account is maintained for the client with the Custodian;
10. Ownership – each client retains indicia of ownership of the account (e.g., right to
withdraw securities or cash, exercise or delegate proxy voting, and receive transaction
confirmations).
The Registrant believes that its annual investment management fee is reasonable in
relation to: (1) the advisory services provided under the Investment Advisory Agreement;
and (2) the fees charged by other investment advisers offering similar services/programs.
However, Registrant’s annual investment advisory fee may be higher than that charged
by other investment advisers offering similar services/programs. In addition to
Registrant’s annual investment management fee, the client will also incur charges
imposed directly at the mutual and exchange traded fund level (e.g., management fees
and other fund expenses).
Registrant’s investment programs may involve above-average portfolio turnover which
could negatively impact upon the net after-tax gain experienced by an individual client in
a taxable account.
As discussed more fully in Item 10 below, the Registrant has previously recommended,
and may in the future recommend, private equity investments. Private investments
generally involve various risk factors, including, but not limited to, potential for complete
loss of principal, liquidity constraints and lack of transparency, a complete discussion of
which is set forth in the issuer’s private placement memorandum, which will be provided
15
to each client for review and consideration. Unlike liquid investments that a client may
maintain, private investments do not provide daily liquidity or pricing. Each prospective
client investor will be required to complete separate subscription documents, pursuant to
which the client shall establish that he/she is qualified for investment in private
placements, and acknowledges and accepts the various risk factors that are associated
with such investments.
Item 9
Disciplinary Information
The Registrant has not been the subject of any disciplinary actions.
Item 10
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application
pending to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
B. Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives, are registered or have an application
pending to register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a
commodity trading advisor, or a representative of the foregoing.
C. The Registrant has no other relationship or arrangement with a related person that is
material to its advisory business.
D. The Registrant does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment
advisors that it recommends or selects for its clients.
Item 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
A. The Registrant maintains an investment policy relative to personal securities transactions.
This investment policy is part of Registrant’s overall Code of Ethics, which serves to
establish a standard of business conduct for all of Registrant’s Representatives that is
based upon fundamental principles of openness, integrity, honesty and trust, a copy of
which is available upon request.
In accordance with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Registrant
also maintains and enforces written policies reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of
material non-public information by the Registrant or any person associated with the
Registrant.
B. Neither the Registrant nor any related person of Registrant recommends, buys, or sells for
client accounts, securities in which the Registrant or any related person of Registrant has
a material financial interest.
C. The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities that are
also recommended to clients. This practice may create a situation where the Registrant
and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a position to materially benefit from the
sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation creates a conflict of interest.
16
Practices such as “scalping” (i.e., a practice whereby the owner of shares of a security
recommends that security for investment and then immediately sells it at a profit upon the
rise in the market price which follows the recommendation) could take place if the
Registrant did not have adequate policies in place to detect such activities. In addition,
this requirement can help detect insider trading, “front-running” (i.e., personal trades
executed prior to those of the Registrant’s clients) and other potentially abusive practices.
The Registrant has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the
personal securities transactions and securities holdings of each of the Registrant’s
“Access Persons”. The Registrant’s securities transaction policy requires that an Access
Person of the Registrant must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee
with a written report of their current securities holdings within ten (10) days after
becoming an Access Person. Additionally, each Access Person must provide or make
available to the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee a list of reportable
transactions each calendar quarter as well as a written annual report of the Access
Person’s securities holdings; provided, however that at any time that the Registrant has
only one Access Person, he or she shall not be required to submit any securities report
described above.
D. The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities, at or
around the same time as those securities are recommended to clients. This practice
creates a situation where the Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a
position to materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this
situation creates a conflict of interest. As indicated above in Item 11 C, the Registrant has
a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal securities
transaction and securities holdings of each of Registrant’s Access Persons.
Item 12
Brokerage Practices
A. In the event that the client requests that the Registrant recommend a broker-
dealer/custodian for execution and/or custodial services (exclusive of those clients that
may direct the Registrant to use a specific broker-dealer/custodian), Registrant generally
recommends that investment management accounts be maintained at Schwab or Fidelity.
Prior to engaging Registrant to provide investment management services, the client will
be required to enter into a formal Investment Advisory Agreement with Registrant setting
forth the terms and conditions under which Registrant shall manage the client's assets,
and a
separate custodial/clearing agreement with each designated broker-
dealer/custodian.
the Registrant
determines,
in
good
faith,
that
Factors that the Registrant considers in recommending Schwab or Fidelity (or any other
broker-dealer/custodian to clients) include historical relationship with the Registrant,
financial strength, reputation, execution capabilities, pricing, research, and service.
Although the commissions and/or transaction fees paid by Registrant's clients shall
comply with the Registrant's duty to seek best execution, a client may pay a commission
that is higher than another qualified broker-dealer might charge to effect the same
transaction where
the
commission/transaction fee is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and
research services received. In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the
lowest possible cost, but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution,
taking into consideration the full range of a broker-dealer’s services, including the value
17
transaction fees charged by
of research provided, execution capability, commission rates, and responsiveness.
Accordingly, although Registrant will seek competitive rates, it may not necessarily
obtain the lowest possible commission rates for client account transactions. The
brokerage commissions or
the designated broker-
dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in addition to, Registrant's investment management
fee. The Registrant’s best execution responsibility is qualified if securities that it
purchases for client accounts are mutual funds that trade at net asset value as determined
at the daily market close.
1. Non-Soft Dollar Research and Benefits: Although not a material consideration when
determining whether to recommend that a client utilize the services of a particular
broker-dealer/custodian, Registrant receives from Schwab (or another broker-
dealer/custodian, investment manager, platform or fund sponsor, or vendor) without
cost (and/or at a discount) support services and/or products, certain of which assist
Registrant to better monitor and service client accounts maintained at such
institutions. Included within the support services that may be obtained by Registrant
can be investment-related research, pricing information and market data, software
and other technology that provide access to client account data, compliance and/or
practice management-related publications, discounted or gratis consulting services,
discounted and/or gratis attendance at conferences, meetings, and other educational
and/or social events, marketing support-including client events, computer hardware
and/or software and/or other products used by Registrant in furtherance of its
investment advisory business operations.
Certain of the above support services and/or products assist Registrant in managing
and administering client accounts. Others do not directly provide such assistance, but
rather assist Registrant to manage and further develop its business enterprise.
There is no corresponding commitment made by Registrant to Schwab, or any other
any entity, to invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets in any specific
mutual funds, securities or other investment products as result of the above
arrangement.
Schwab Advisor Services
Schwab Advisor Services (formerly called Schwab Institutional) is Schwab’s business
serving independent investment advisory firms like the Registrant. Schwab provides
Registrant and its clients with access to its institutional brokerage –trading, custody,
reporting and related services – many of which are not typically available to Schwab
retail customers. Schwab also makes available various support services. Some of
those services help Registrant manage or administer its clients’ accounts while others
help Registrant manage and grow its business. Schwab may also provide monetary
assistance to Registrant to defray certain costs related be towards certain technology,
compliance, legal, business consulting and other related expenses. Schwab’s support
services are generally available on an unsolicited basis and at no charge to Registrant.
A more detailed description of Schwab’s support services follows:
Services that Benefit the Client
Schwab’s institutional brokerage services include access to a broad range of
investment products, execution of securities transactions, and custody of client assets.
The investment products available through Schwab include some to which Registrant
might not otherwise have access or that would require a significantly higher
18
minimum initial investment by its clients. Schwab’s services described in this
paragraph generally benefit the client and the client’s account.
Services that May Not Directly Benefit the Client
Schwab also makes available to Registrant other products and services that benefit
the Registrant but may not directly benefit the client or the client’s account. These
products and services assist Registrant in managing and administering its clients’
accounts. They include investment research, both Schwab’s own and that of third
parties. Registrant may use this research to service all or some substantial number of
its clients’ accounts, including accounts not maintained at Schwab. In addition to
investment research, Schwab also makes available software and other technology
that:
to client account data (such as duplicate
trade
• provide access
•
confirmations and account statements);
facilitate trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for
multiple client accounts;
facilitate payment of Registrant’s fees from its clients’ accounts; and
assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping and client reporting.
• provide pricing and other market data;
•
•
Services that Generally Benefit Only Registrant
Schwab also offers other services intended to help Registrant manage and further
develop its business enterprise. These services include:
•
•
educational conferences and events;
charitable donations from Schwab to third parties that Registrant seeks to
support, such as a one-time donation made with respect to a charity event
sponsored by Registrant for the benefit of the Children’s Development
Center at Hunterdon Medical Center, the Hunterdon YMCA and the
National Eating Disorders Association;
technology, compliance, legal, and business consulting;
•
• publications and conferences on practice management and business
•
succession; and
access to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants and
insurance providers.
Schwab may provide some of these services itself. In other cases, it will arrange for
third-party vendors to provide the services to Registrant. Schwab may also discount
or waive its fees for some of these services or pay all or a part of a third party’s fees.
Schwab may also provide Registrant with other benefits such as occasional business
entertainment of its personnel.
Registrant’s Interests in Schwab’s Services
The availability of these services from Schwab benefits Registrant because it does not
have to produce or purchase them. However, Registrant does not believe the receipt
of Schwab’s Advisor Services as described presents a conflict of interest, because
Registrant has not agreed to provide any consideration to Schwab (such as an
agreement to maintain a specific asset level or execute a specific number of
transactions) in exchange for receipt of Schwab’s Advisor Services.
2. The Registrant does not receive referrals from broker-dealers.
19
3. The Registrant does not generally accept directed brokerage arrangements (when a
client requires that account transactions be effected through a specific broker-dealer).
In such client directed arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements
for their account with that broker-dealer, and Registrant will not seek better execution
services or prices from other broker-dealers or be able to “batch” the client's
transactions for execution through other broker-dealers with orders for other accounts
managed by Registrant. As a result, client may pay higher commissions or other
transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices, on
transactions for the account than would otherwise be the case.
In the event that the client directs Registrant to effect securities transactions for the
client's accounts through a specific broker-dealer, the client correspondingly
acknowledges that such direction may cause the accounts to incur higher
commissions or transaction costs than the accounts would otherwise incur had the
client determined to effect account transactions through alternative clearing
arrangements that may be available through Registrant. Higher transaction costs
adversely impact account performance.
Transactions for directed accounts will generally be executed following the execution
of portfolio transactions for non-directed accounts.
B. To the extent that the Registrant provides investment management services to its clients,
the transactions for each client account generally will be effected independently, unless
the Registrant decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at
approximately the same time. The Registrant may (but is not obligated to) combine or
“bunch” such orders to seek best execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates
or to allocate equitably among the Registrant’s clients differences in prices and
commissions or other transaction costs that might have been obtained had such orders
been placed independently. Under this procedure, transactions will be averaged as to
price and will be allocated among clients in proportion to the purchase and sale orders
placed for each client account on any given day. The Registrant shall not receive any
additional compensation or remuneration as a result of such aggregation.
Item 13
Review of Accounts
A. For those clients to whom Registrant provides investment supervisory services, account
reviews are conducted on an ongoing basis by the Registrant's Principals and/or
representatives. All investment supervisory clients are advised that it remains their
responsibility to advise the Registrant of any changes in their investment objectives
and/or financial situation. All clients (in person or via telephone) are encouraged to
review financial planning issues (to the extent applicable), investment objectives and
account performance with the Registrant on an annual basis.
B. The Registrant may conduct account reviews on an other than periodic basis upon the
occurrence of a triggering event, such as a change in client investment objectives and/or
financial situation, market corrections and client request.
C. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation notices and
regular written summary account statements directly from the broker-dealer/custodian
20
and/or program sponsor for the client accounts. The Registrant may also provide a written
periodic report summarizing account activity and performance. In addition to its advisory
services, the Registrant also publishes a periodic report regarding the performance of
robo-advisers. The publication is separate and apart from the Registrant’s investment
management services to its advisory clients
Item 14
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. As referenced in Item 12.A.1 above, the Registrant receives economic benefits from
Schwab or Fidelity.
There is no corresponding commitment made by the Registrant to Schwab or Fidelity or
any other entity to invest any specific amount or percentage of client assets in any
specific mutual funds, securities or other investment products as a result of the above
arrangement.
B. If a client is introduced to the Registrant by either an unaffiliated or an affiliated
promoter, Registrant may pay that promoter a referral fee in accordance with the
requirements of Rule 206(4)-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and any
corresponding state securities law requirements. Any such referral fee shall be paid solely
from the Registrant’s investment management fee, and shall not result in any additional
charge to the client. If the client is introduced to the Registrant by an unaffiliated
promoter, the promoter, at the time of the solicitation, shall disclose the nature of their
relationship, and shall provide each prospective client with a copy of the Registrant’s
written Brochure with a copy of the written disclosure statement from the promoter to the
client disclosing the terms of the arrangement between the Registrant and the promoter,
including the compensation to be received by the promoter from the Registrant.
Item 15
Custody
The Registrant shall have the ability to have its advisory fee for each client debited by the
custodian on a quarterly basis. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written
transaction confirmation notices and regular written summary account statements directly
from the broker-dealer/custodian and/or program sponsor for the client accounts. The
Registrant may also provide a written periodic report summarizing account activity and
performance.
To the extent that the Registrant provides clients with periodic account statements or
reports, the client is urged to compare any statement or report provided by the Registrant
with the account statements received from the account custodian. The account custodian
does not verify the accuracy of the Registrant’s advisory fee calculation.
Custody Situations: The Registrant engages in other practices and/or services on behalf
of its clients that require disclosure at ADV Part 1, Item 9. Some of such practices and/or
services are subject to an annual surprise CPA examination in accordance with the
requirements of Rule 206(4)-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
In addition, certain clients have established asset transfer authorizations, which permit the
qualified custodian to rely upon instructions from the Registrant to transfer client funds
21
or securities to third parties. These arrangements are also disclosed at ADV Part 1, Item
9, but in accordance with the guidance provided in the SEC’s February 21, 2017
Investment Adviser Association No-Action Letter, the affected accounts are not subject
to an annual surprise CPA examination
Item 16
Investment Discretion
The client can determine to engage the Registrant to provide investment advisory services
on a discretionary basis. Prior to the Registrant assuming discretionary authority over a
client’s account, the client shall be required to execute an Investment Advisory
Agreement, naming the Registrant as the client’s attorney and agent in fact, granting the
Registrant full authority to buy, sell, or otherwise effect investment transactions
involving the assets in the client’s name found in the discretionary account.
Clients who engage the Registrant on a discretionary basis may, at any time, impose
restrictions, in writing, on the Registrant’s discretionary authority (i.e., limit the
types/amounts of particular securities purchased for their account, exclude the ability to
purchase securities with an inverse relationship to the market, limit or proscribe the
Registrant’s use of margin, etc.).
Item 17
Voting Client Securities
involving social
Unless a client directs otherwise in writing, Registrant, in conjunction with the proxy
voting and due diligence services provided by Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc., or its
successors or assigns, shall be responsible for directing the manner in which proxies
solicited by issuers of securities beneficially owned by the client shall be voted.
Registrant and/or the client shall correspondingly instruct each custodian of the assets to
forward to Registrant copies of all proxies and shareholder communications relating to
the assets. Registrant, in conjunction with the services provided by Broadridge Financial
Solutions, Inc., shall monitor corporate actions of individual issuers and investment
companies consistent with Registrant’s fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests
of its clients. With respect to individual issuers, Registrant may be solicited to vote on
matters including corporate governance, adoption or amendments to compensation plans
(including stock options), and matters
issues and corporate
responsibility. With respect to investment companies (e.g., mutual funds), Registrant may
be solicited to vote on matters including the approval of advisory contracts, distribution
plans, and mergers. Registrant shall maintain records pertaining to proxy voting as
required pursuant to Rule 204-2(c)(2) under the Advisers Act. Copies of Rules 206(4)-6
and 204-2(c)(2) are available upon written request. In addition, information pertaining to
how Registrant voted on any specific proxy issue is also available upon written request.
Class Actions: The client shall maintain exclusive responsibility for all legal proceedings
or other type events pertaining to the assets managed by Registrant, including, but not
limited to, class action lawsuits. Registrant has identified an unaffiliated service provider
(Chicago Clearing Corporation) to assist the client, for a fee (generally 10% of the
recovery, with class-action matters. Registrant shall not receive any compensation from
the service provider.
The client is under no obligation to engage the service provider.
22
Registrant does not participate in class action proceedings on behalf of its clients.
Therefore, if the client chooses not to engage Chicago Clearing Corporation, the client
will be exclusively responsible to monitor and pursue all class action claims.
To direct Registrant to vote a proxy in a particular manner, clients should contact
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. by telephone, electronic mail, or in writing.
Item 18
Financial Information
A. The Registrant does not solicit fees of more than $1,200, per client, six months or more in
advance.
B. The Registrant is unaware of any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its
ability to meet its contractual commitments relating to its discretionary authority over
certain client accounts.
C. The Registrant has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Michael R. Walliser, remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above
disclosures and arrangements.
23