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ArrowMark Colorado Holdings, LLC
Part 2A of Form ADV
The Brochure
Address
100 Fillmore Street, Suite 325
Denver, Colorado, 80206
Phone and Fax
303-398-2929 | 303-322-0804
Email
info@arrowmarkpartners.com
Website
www.arrowmarkpartners.com
Updated: March 2025
This disclosure brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of
ArrowMark Colorado Holdings, LLC and its affiliates (“ArrowMark”, “we” or “us”). If you have
questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at 303-398-2929 or by email at
info@arrowmark.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
information about ArrowMark
is available on
the SEC’s website at:
Additional
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
ArrowMark is a registered adviser with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
and conducts itself accordingly. Such registration requires that we conduct our business in
accordance with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Adviser Act”) but does not require
specific professional financial training or exams or imply a certain level of skill or training.
Item 2: Material Changes
This section summarizes material changes made to this brochure since the date of our last filing.
The last annual updating amendment to Form ADV Part 2A (the “Brochure”) was dated March
2024. Material changes to this Brochure since the March 2024 filing includes amendments to the
following item:
Item 5: Fees and Compensation – Information has been updated to reflect fee breakpoints for
the Meridian Fund Inc.
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations – Affiliated General Partners have
been updated to reflect new affiliates and remove dissolved entities.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 3: Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4: Advisory Business ................................................................................................................. 4
Item 5: Fees and Compensation ........................................................................................................ 5
Item 6: Performance Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ..................................................... 7
Item 7: Types of Clients .................................................................................................................... 8
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ............................................. 9
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ..................................................................................................... 16
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ......................................................... 16
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .... 19
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................... 20
Item 13: Review of Accounts .......................................................................................................... 22
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ........................................................................ 24
Item 15: Custody ............................................................................................................................. 24
Item 16: Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................... 24
Item 17: Voting Client Securities .................................................................................................... 25
Item 18: Financial Information ........................................................................................................ 25
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Item 4: Advisory Business
ArrowMark Colorado Holdings, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company formed in 2007.
ArrowMark provides investment management services to high-net-worth individuals and
institutional clients including, trusts, estates, endowments, pensions, and foundations (which we
collectively refer to as “separate accounts”); collateralized loan obligations (which we refer to as
“CLOs”); privately offered limited partnerships and corporate investment vehicles (which we
refer to as “funds”); and registered investment companies (which we refer to as “mutual funds”).
As of December 31, 2024, we managed $20,005,589,718 of regulatory assets on a discretionary
basis.
We use fundamental research and an opportunistic investment philosophy when investing. We
may invest in a broad array of financial instruments including, but not limited to, fixed income,
equity, distressed debt, options, defaulted
instruments, mortgage-backed, asset-backed,
collateralized debt obligations, direct lending, futures, swaps, significant risk transfers, repurchase
agreements, bank loans, tax liens, and initial public offerings. On behalf of our clients, we may
engage in hedging, forward trading and short selling. We also may employ leverage. We have a
long-term investment horizon.
ArrowMark works with each separate account client to understand its investment objectives and to
establish the elements of our relationship as their investment adviser. This process culminates
with the negotiation and preparation of an investment management agreement that outlines the
terms of the client-adviser relationship including, but not limited to, investment strategy,
investment limitations and fees.
When managing CLOs, funds and mutual funds, we manage each client within the guidelines and
restrictions set forth in each client’s legal documents and within any respective regulatory
guidelines or limitations. Investment advice is provided directly to the CLOs, funds and mutual
funds, and not individually to the investors or shareholders.
We also serve as sub-adviser to U.S. mutual funds. In such cases, we enter into a sub-advisory
agreement with the investment adviser which typically includes information related to sub-
advisory fee, investment strategy, investment guidelines, termination rights and proxy voting.
Our partners are Brian Schaub, Chad Meade, David Corkins, Kaelyn Abrell, Karen Reidy, Sanjai
Bhonsle, Kirk Reid, and Robin Beery.
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
Separate Accounts
As compensation for our advisory services, each separate account client may pay an investment
management fee based on assets under management (which we refer to as the advisory fee), a
performance-based incentive fee (which we refer to as the performance fee), or both. Performance
fees are established in compliance with Rule 205-3 under the Advisers Act. See Item 6 below for
a further discussion of such fees.
Our advisory fees, which range from 0.20% to 1.00% of assets per annum depending on strategy
and size, are calculated and collected quarterly. Fees are calculated in arrears as of the first
business day of each calendar quarter based on the account’s average of the preceding three
month-end net asset values as provided by the custodian or based on the account’s quarter ending
balance. Advisory fees are deducted directly from the client’s brokerage account unless the client
requests us to send quarterly invoices. Our performance fees are negotiable and may be subject to
a performance “hurdle” and/or “high water mark” treatment. We have established lower fees or
waived fees entirely based on particular elements of the individual client profile, such as the
investment strategy to be deployed, the amount of assets under our discretionary management, and
employee-related accounts.
If a separate account client contributes a large cash flow during a quarter, we will pro-rate the fees
on this contribution. A large cash flow is considered to be equal to or greater than 10% of an
account’s net asset value. Contributions of less than 10% and partial withdrawals of client assets
are not pro-rated and will be reflected in our fee calculation for the entire quarter. If a separate
account client terminates the investment management agreement with ArrowMark in the middle
of a billing period, then we will collect a pro-rated fee based on the number of days that the
account was managed.
In addition to our advisory fee and performance fee, separate account clients bear trading costs
and custodial fees associated with their accounts. These expenses may include (i) all costs and
expenses of transferring the assets to the account; (ii) all taxes and governmental fees and charges
incurred by the account (including all withholding taxes); (iii) all brokerage commissions and other
trading costs and fees, underwriting discounts, sales loads, spreads and other similar charges; and (iv)
all charges of U.S. depositories and of any custodian and/or other service providers. To the extent
that clients’ accounts are invested in affiliated or unaffiliated mutual funds or unaffiliated
exchange-traded funds, the accounts will indirectly share in the funds underlying expenses
including a separate layer of management, trading, and administrative expenses. To the extent
clients’ assets are invested in sponsored funds, CLOs or mutual funds, these assets generally will
not be included as client assets for purposes of calculating or charging the client’s management
fee. See Item 12 for a discussion of our brokerage practices.
Certain clients may have different fee arrangements of calculation methodology from those
described above.
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Funds
As compensation for our advisory services, we, or an affiliate, may receive from each fund (or
fund structure) we manage an investment management fee based on assets under management
(which we refer to as the management fee) and a performance-based incentive allocation (which
we refer to as the performance allocation).
Our management fees, which range from 0.0% to 1.5% per annum depending on the fund, are
calculated and collected quarterly either in arrears or in advance as set forth in the applicable
offering documents. They are based on the net asset value of each limited partner’s capital
account (calculated by the fund’s third-party administrator) and the book value of certain sub-
accounts with respect to special situation investments. This fee is deducted directly from each
fund’s brokerage account on a quarterly basis. We have the right to waive or reduce our
management fee with respect to any investor. The management fees are prorated for partial
periods.
The performance allocations, which our affiliated general partners are entitled to receive, range
from 10% to 20% of the net increase, if any, in the net value of an investor’s capital account or net
investment income as determined by a third-party administrator on an annual basis for the
preceding year or upon distribution. Many of these allocations are subject to a loss carry-forward
commonly referred to as a “high-water mark.” These performance allocations are allocated to our
affiliated general partners through a re-allocation from the capital accounts of investors in our
funds to the capital account of the affiliated general partner. Each general partner has the right to
waive or reduce its performance allocations with respect to any investor. Investors in some of our
funds benefit from a “clawback,” calculated and due upon the fund’s liquidation that, subject to
certain limitations, requires us to restore to the investors amounts by which the performance
allocations we receive over the life of the fund exceed the stated performance allocation
percentage.
The funds also bear organizational and ongoing expenses (which include, without limitation,
formation costs, legal expenses, audit expenses, expenses related to pricing services, and other
fund related fees and expenses as set forth in the applicable offering document) as well as the fees
and expenses of the administrator and custodian, the fees and commissions associated with
brokerage services provided to each fund and fees or duties incurred by the fund in processing an
investor's subscription documents. See Item 12 for a discussion of the brokerage practices. To the
extent clients’ assets are invested in sponsored funds, CLOs or mutual funds, these assets
generally will not be included as client assets for purposes of calculating or charging the client’s
management fee.
CLOs
As compensation for its investment advisory services, collateral management or collateral
servicing, ArrowMark may receive a Senior Investment Management Fee, a Subordinated
Investment Management Fee and an Investment Manager Incentive Fee Amount based on a
percentage of client assets under management (“AUM”). Typically, ArrowMark will charge a
Base or Senior Investment Management Fee at a rate ranging from 0.05% to 0.20% per annum of
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the client assets managed, while a Subordinated Management Fee may be paid at a rate ranging
from 0.05% to 0.30% per annum of the AUM. The percentages may vary based on the type of
fund and the assets ArrowMark manages. ArrowMark may also be entitled to an Investment
Manager Incentive Fee Amount. Specific fee rates and the methodology for calculating these fees
will be described in the investment management agreement and the relevant offering documents
which will be provided to prospective investors. Clients are not billed directly by ArrowMark but
by a CLO’s trustee quarterly in arrears as is detailed in the relevant offering documents. Fees are
deducted by the trustee from client assets and paid to ArrowMark.
The CLOs also bear organizational and ongoing expenses which include, without limitation,
formation costs, legal expenses, accountant fees, trustee fees and other related fees and expenses
as set forth in the applicable offering document.
Mutual Funds
As compensation for our advisory services, we receive compensation for serving as the
investment adviser to the Meridian Fund, Inc. series funds. Fees vary according to terms of
investment advisory agreements with the individual funds.
ArrowMark charges the Meridian Growth Fund, as compensation for its services, an annual fee of
1.0% for the first $50 million of the fund’s net assets and 0.75% of the fund’s net assets in excess
of $50 million; it charges the Meridian Contrarian Fund, as compensation for its services, an
annual fee of 1.0% for the first $750 million of the fund’s net assets and 0.75% of the next $50
million, 0.70% of the next $50 million, 0.65% of the fund’s net assets in excess of $850 million, it
charges the Meridian Hedged Equity Fund an annual fee of 1.0% for the first $10 million of the
fund’s net assets, 0.9% of the next $20 million, then 0.8% of the next $20 million and 0.7% of the
fund’s net assets in excess of $50 million; and it charges the Meridian Small Cap Growth Fund an
annual fee of 1.0% for the first $450 million of the fund’s net assets, 0.90% of the next $150
million, 0.85% of the next $150 million, 0.80% of the next $150 million, 0.75% of the next $150
million then 0.70% of the fund’s net assets in excess of $1,050 million. Fees for each of the four
Meridian Funds are billed monthly and are calculated on the basis of that month’s average daily
net assets.
All mutual fund assets are held by a custodian bank. Custodian fees, wire transaction fees and
other expenses may be imposed by the custodian holding a client account. Brokerage
commissions and transaction fees will be incurred in relation to client portfolio securities
transactions. See Item 12 for a discussion of the brokerage practices.
Sub-advisory agreements entered into by ArrowMark with the mutual fund’s adviser are typically
negotiated and may include fee breakpoints.
Item 6: Performance Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
As discussed in Item 5, we, or our affiliated general partners, are entitled to receive performance-
based compensation from our clients. Our (or our affiliates) right to the performance allocation or
fee may create an incentive for us to make investments that are riskier, more speculative, or more
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highly levered than would be the case in the absence of performance-based compensation. It may
also create an incentive for us to direct riskier, more speculative or more highly levered
investments to those separate accounts or funds with higher performance allocations or fees. To
mitigate these conflicts, we have developed and maintain trade allocation policies that seek fair
and equitable treatment for all accounts over time. For a description of how we allocate
investments among our separate accounts, mutual funds and funds, please refer to “Brokerage
Practices - Aggregation and Allocation of Transactions” in Item 12.
Item 7: Types of Clients
ArrowMark’s separate account clients are typically high net-worth individuals and associated
trusts, estates, endowments, foundations, insurance companies and retirement plans. Our
minimum separate account size is generally $10,000,000, but this amount is negotiable.
ArrowMark is the adviser to the Meridian Funds. Investors in the mutual funds include, but are
not limited to, individuals, trusts, investment advisers, pension and profit-sharing plans, charitable
organizations and business entities. ArrowMark also serves as sub-adviser to third-party
sponsored mutual funds.
ArrowMark manages CLOs which invest primarily in senior secured floating rate leveraged loans
made to corporate and other business entities. These instruments are secured by the debtor’s assets
and typically rank first in priority of payment in the capital structure, ahead of unsecured debt.
In order to be eligible to invest in our funds, an investor must be an “accredited investor” within
the meaning of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, and a “qualified client” within the
meaning of the Advisers Act or "qualified purchaser" within the meaning of the Investment
Company Act of 1940. Each investor in our funds is required to represent that their investment in
our fund is being acquired for its own account, for investment, and not with a view to resale or
distribution. Investments in our funds are suitable only for sophisticated investors for whom an
investment in our fund does not constitute a complete investment program and who fully
understand, are willing to assume, and who have the financial resources necessary to withstand
the risks involved in our fund's specialized investment program and to bear the potential loss of
their entire investment in those investments. The minimum initial investment in our funds ranges
from $250,000 to $5,000,000, but is negotiable on a case-by-case basis.
ArrowMark on behalf of the funds may enter into separate agreements, commonly referred to as
“side letters,” or other similar agreements with a particular investor in connection with its
admission to the fund without the approval of any other investor, which would have the effect of
establishing rights under or supplementing the terms of the applicable fund’s partnership
agreement with respect to such investor in a manner more favorable to such investor than those
applicable to other investors. Such rights or terms in any such side letter or other similar
agreement may include, without limitation: (i) reporting obligations, (ii) lower fees, (iii) waiver of
certain confidentiality obligations, (iv) “most favored nation” provisions or (v) rights or terms
requested or necessary in light of particular investment, legal, regulatory or public policy
characteristics of an investor.
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Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
General
Our investment process for all clients is anchored by in-depth fundamental research and risk
management. ArrowMark primarily invests for relatively long time horizons, often for a year or
more. We conduct fundamental analysis to identify what we believe to be asymmetries in (or
imbalances between) risks and rewards of investment opportunities. We rely on internal due
diligence, research and modelling as well as research provided by brokers/dealers in order to
better understand company fundamentals and street consensus expectations. The sources of our
research span quantitative analysis and qualitative assessments, ranging from financial models to
information collected at industry trade shows. However, financial modelling to forecast free cash
flow generation, balance sheet health, management’s effective deployment of capital, and
repayment ability is at the core of our fundamental research process. The output of our financial
modelling shapes both our directional view on whether we want to hold the security long or short
and how we will invest within the capital structure (credit or equity).
We may employ various strategies in our capacity as investment advisers to the separate accounts,
mutual funds and funds that we manage. These strategies may include acquiring and disposing of
financial instruments that include fixed income, equity, distressed debt, options, defaulted
instruments, real estate, mortgage-backed, asset-backed, collateralized debt obligations, futures,
swaps, repurchase agreements, bank loans, tax liens, and initial public offerings. On behalf of our
clients we engage in hedging, forward trading and short selling. We also employ leverage.
The following is a description of our significant strategies and the material risks associated with
pursuing those strategies. All investing, and the strategies that direct that investing, involve a risk
of loss that clients should be prepared to bear.
Fixed Income
For certain of our clients, we pursue a strategy of investing primarily in a diversified portfolio of
fixed income securities, including, but not limited to, government bonds, corporate bonds,
convertible bonds, zero-coupon bonds, asset-backed bonds, credit linked notes, and securitized
assets. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and
interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting
from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the
issuer and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk).
Equity
We may recommend long and short positions in common stocks, preferred stocks and convertible
securities. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based on factors unrelated to the fundamental
economic condition of the issuer of the securities, including general economic and market
conditions, and these fluctuations can be pronounced.
IPOs
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We may purchase securities that are part of an initial public offering (“IPOs”). Underwriters may
not sell such IPO securities to certain persons, including brokers or people associated with
brokers. Certain clients of ArrowMark may be ineligible to participate in investments in IPO
securities, therefore, some investors may not participate in any gain or loss associated with any
IPO securities.
Options
We may engage in various types of options transactions. We engage in buying and writing put and
call options. An option gives the purchaser the right, but not the obligation, upon exercise of the
option, either (i) to buy or sell a specific amount of the underlying security at a specific price (the
“strike” price or “exercise” price), or (ii) in the case of a certain options, to receive a specified
cash settlement. To purchase an option, the purchaser must pay a “premium,” which consists of a
single, nonrefundable payment. Unless the price of the securities underlying the option changes
and it becomes profitable to exercise or offset the option before it expires, our clients may lose the
entire amount of the premium. The purchaser of an option runs the risk of losing the entire
investment. Thus, our clients may incur significant losses in a relatively short period of time. The
ability to trade in or exercise options also may be restricted in the event that trading in the
underlying securities interest becomes restricted.
Significant Risk Transfer
We may invest in regulatory capital relief transactions issued primarily by UK, European and
North American banks (commonly known in the marketplace as “significant risk transfer”
transactions), the objective of which is generally to allow such banks to reduce their risk-weighted
asset calculations on portfolios of assets, or otherwise optimize the capital required to be held
against such exposures, in order to manage their required capital. This investment strategy is
subject to several risks. Where regulators feel the scale, scope of spirit of a bank’s regulatory
capital relief strategy has become overly aggressive, they might enforce stricter regulation that
makes the strategy more costly or impractical for the bank. Under the terms governing the
investments, it is expected that adverse regulatory developments may result in the bank being able
to terminate the Significant Risk Transfer Transaction early, which is then subject to reinvestment
risk. Another risk relates to the inherent information asymmetry in these Significant Risk
Transfer Transactions, whereby the bank selling the assets normally would have better knowledge
of the assets than the adviser and, as result, may only make higher risk assets available for
transfer. Finally, there is a risk of deterioration of the loan portfolio due to poor underwriting of
the bank or exogenous factors such as weak economic conditions that could adversely affect the
value of the portfolio.
Asset Backed Securities
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Through the use of trusts and special purpose corporations, various types of assets including but
not limited to manufactured housing loans, home equity loans, automobile loans, credit card
receivables, and other receivables, are securitized in pass-through structures.
These asset backed securities, sometimes referred to as ABS, do not have the benefit of a security
interest in the underlying collateral. Credit card receivables, for example, are generally unsecured
and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer loan laws,
many of which give such debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards,
thereby reducing the balance due.
ABS are subject to prepayment risk. ABS are often backed by a pool of assets representing the
obligations of a number of different parties and use credit enhancement techniques such as letters
of credit, guarantees or preference rights. The value of an asset backed security is affected by
changes in the market’s perception of the asset backing the security and the creditworthiness of
the servicing agent for the loan pool, the originator of the loans or the financial institution
providing any credit enhancement, as well as by the expiration or removal of any credit
enhancement.
Direct Lending
Direct lending provides financing solutions to small-and mid-sized companies, while providing
yield-driven solutions for investors. The investment team strives to generate current income and
capital appreciation by investing in newly-originated investments in the private credit market in
addition to structured investments. The success of our investment activities will be affected by
general economic conditions, such as interest rates, commodity prices, general levels of economic
activity, the price of securities and participation by other investors in the financial markets. A
prolonged period of market illiquidity or uncertainty regarding U.S. tax rates, U.S. government
spending and deficit levels and implementation of global fiscal austerity measures may have an
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, a decline
in general economic conditions may affect the value and number of loans made or considered. In
addition, volatility or illiquidity in the financial markets could impair the investment’s
profitability or result in losses. A large percentage of our investments will not be publicly traded.
Because valuations of such investments, and particularly valuations of private securities and
private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be
based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that
would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed.
Short Selling
We may sell securities short of an issuer in the expectation of covering the short sale with
securities purchased in the open market at a price lower than that received in the short sale. We
may adjust our client’s net exposure as we determine to be appropriate in light of market
conditions. We may apply short positions to seek to take advantage of deteriorating fundamentals
at the individual security level but may also apply short positions as a hedging technique, such as
shorts paired with more fundamentally attractive, historically correlated, long positions. We may
also periodically hedge a client’s long portfolio through short selling sector, industry, and market
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ETFs, or through the use of several smaller “basket” positions that, in aggregate, we believe,
would theoretically hedge individual long positions or long industry or sector exposure. If the
price of the issuer’s securities declines, the client may then cover the short position with securities
purchased in the market. The profit realized on a short sale will be the difference between the
price received in the sale and the cost of the securities purchased to cover the sale. The possible
losses from selling short a security differ from losses that could be incurred from a cash
investment in the security; the former may be unlimited, whereas the latter can only equal the total
amount of the cash investment. Short selling activities are also subject to restrictions imposed by
the federal securities laws and the various national and regional securities exchanges, which
restrictions could limit a client’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that securities
necessary to cover a short position will be available for purchase.
Real Estate
Historically, real estate has experienced significant fluctuations and cycles in value and local
market conditions which result in reductions in real estate opportunities, value of real property
interests and, possibly, the amount of income generated by real property. All real estate-related
investments are subject to the risk attributable to, but not limited to: (i) inability to consummate
investments on favorable terms; (ii) inability to complete renovation, expansion or development
on advantageous terms; (iii) adverse government, environmental and tax regulations; (iv) leasing
delays, tenant bankruptcies and low occupancy levels and lease rates; and (v) changes in the
liquidity of real estate markets. Real estate investment strategies which employ leverage are
subject to risks normally associated with debt financing, including the risk that; (a) cash flow after
debt service will be insufficient to accumulate sufficient cash for distributions; (b) existing
indebtedness (which is unlikely to be fully amortized at maturity) will not be able to be
refinanced; (c) terms of available refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms of existing
indebtedness; or that the loan covenants will not be complied with. It is possible that property
could be foreclosed upon or otherwise transferred to the mortgagee, with a consequent loss of
income and asset value.
Unregistered Securities and Private Placements
We may invest in private placements and unregistered securities. Investments through private
placements are not immediately tradable on an exchange or in the over-the-counter (OTC) market
and may be subject to restrictions on resale including significant holding or “lockup” restrictions
for designated time periods. Private placements may serve as financing vehicles for public
companies (commonly referred to as Private Investments in Public Entities or PIPEs) or for
privately held entities. Securities purchased through private placements may be less liquid than
publicly traded securities and investments in privately held entities are generally less liquid than
PIPEs. The offering documents often contain limited information on the company’s business and
many private placement securities are issued by companies that are not required to file audited
financial reports making it difficult to gauge how the private placement is likely to perform over
time. Investors purchasing private placements should be prepared to hold such investments over a
longer time horizon than public company holdings or possibly for an indefinite period of time. In
certain cases, ArrowMark personnel may take a seat on a company’s board of directors. In such a
case, there exists the risk that the clients will be restricted in transacting in or redeeming its
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investment in that company as a result of, among other things, legal restrictions on transactions by
company directors or affiliates. ArrowMark may not be able to liquidate such securities upon
termination of a client’s account. ArrowMark cannot provide oversight of such securities
following termination of a client’s account and such oversight will be the responsibility of the
client or its subsequent adviser. Clients should consider these risks when considering whether to
permit such investments for their accounts.
In connection with such investments, certain principals or employees of ArrowMark may acquire
material non-public information or be restricted from initiating transactions in certain securities.
ArrowMark is generally restricted from acting on such information, therefore ArrowMark may not
be able to buy an investment that it otherwise might have bought or may not be able to sell an
investment that it otherwise might have sold.
Leverage
We use leverage in certain investment programs when we deem it to be appropriate for our clients
and consistent with applicable regulations. At times, the amount of such leverage may be
substantial. Unless otherwise agreed with our separate account clients, our clients are not subject
to any limitations on borrowing or other forms of leverage. Indirect forms of leverage include
leverage through short sales or derivative instruments such as options techniques, which have
embedded leverage features. We may also leverage a client’s assets by entering into reverse
repurchase agreements whereby we effectively borrow funds on a secured basis by “selling”
interests in investments to a financial institution for cash and agreeing to “repurchase” such
investments at a specified future date for the sales price paid plus interest at a negotiated rate.
Leverage creates an opportunity for greater yield and total return, but at the same time increases
exposure to capital risk and higher current expenses. If a client purchases securities on margin and
the value of those securities declines, the client may be obligated to pay down the margin loans to
avoid liquidation of the securities. If loans to the client are collateralized with portfolio securities
that decrease in value, the client may be obligated to provide additional collateral to the lender in
the form of cash or securities to avoid liquidation of the pledged securities. Any such liquidation
could result in substantial losses. Moreover, counterparties of our clients, in their sole discretion,
may change the leverage limits that they extend to our clients.
Hedging
We use a variety of financial instruments such as derivatives, options, swaps, futures, and forward
contracts, both for investment purposes and for risk management purposes. Hedging also involves
special risks including the possible default by the other party to the transaction, illiquidity, and, to
the extent that our assessment of certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of
hedging could result in losses greater than if hedging had not been used. Those of our clients who
engage in hedging transactions are subject to the risk of the failure or default of any counterparty
to the client's transactions.
We manage risk at the security level through fundamental research aimed at understanding the
strengths and weaknesses of the business model. We combine our fundamental analysis with risk
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management to structure investments to match our outlook and enhance the overall profile of the
investment. We manage risk at the portfolio level by constructing a non-correlated, low volatility
portfolio of diverse investments across sectors and asset classes.
Cybersecurity Risk
In connection with the continued use of the Internet and the dependence on computer systems to
perform necessary business functions, ArrowMark may be susceptible to operational, information
security and related risks due to the possibility of cyberattacks or other incidents. Cyber incidents
may result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyberattacks include, but are not
limited to, infection by computer viruses or other malicious software code, gaining unauthorized
access to systems, networks or devices that are used to service our operations through hacking or
other means for the purpose of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data or
causing operational disruption. Cyberattacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not
require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks (which can make a
website unavailable) on our website. In addition, authorized persons could inadvertently or
intentionally release confidential or proprietary information stored on our systems. Cybersecurity
failures or breaches by our third-party service providers may cause disruptions and impact the
service providers’ business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, the inability to
transact business and process transactions. We may incur substantial costs to prevent or address
cyber incidents in the future. In addition, there is a possibility that certain risks have not been
adequately identified or prepared for. Furthermore, we cannot directly control any cyber security
plans and systems put in place by third party service providers. Cybersecurity risks are also
present for issuers of securities in which we invest, which could result in material adverse
consequences for such issuers, and may cause our investment in such securities to lose value.
Banking Risks
Rising interest rates, various bank failures and volatile markets contribute to potential instability
in the banking sector, raising a variety of risks for investors. ArrowMark, the funds, and their
affiliates maintain all of their respective cash and cash equivalents in accounts with major U.S.
and multi-national financial institutions, and their respective deposits at certain of these
institutions may exceed the insured limits, where applicable. The above may impact the viability
of banking and financial services institutions. In the event of failure of any of the financial
institutions where ArrowMark, the funds, or any of their affiliates maintains its respective cash
and cash equivalents, there can be no assurance that each would be able to access uninsured funds
in a timely manner or at all. Any inability to access, or delay in accessing, these funds could
adversely affect the business and financial position of the Adviser, the funds, or their affiliates.
Such events may significantly increase ArrowMark’s and/or the funds’ costs, negatively impact
the funds’ ability to execute on pending transactions, including with respect to the ability to draw
down amounts under credit facilities, and divert the ArrowMark’s time, attention and resources
away from the pursuit of the funds’ investment strategy. Furthermore, such events may also
increase counterparty risk, including raising the likelihood of defaults or bankruptcies by
counterparties and tenants that rely on such bank relationships. Depending on ongoing
developments, regulatory guidance and timing, such events may significantly exacerbate the
normal risks associated with the fund and result in adverse changes to, among other things: (i)
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general economic and market conditions; (ii) interest rates, currency exchange rates, and expenses
associated with currency management transactions; (iii) demand for investments; (iv) availability
of credit in certain markets; and (v) laws, regulations and governmental policies. In addition, such
events may lead to financial system and participant regulatory reform, and such increased
regulatory oversight may impose additional administrative burden and costs on ArrowMark and
the funds. The foregoing could materially adversely impact the operations of ArrowMark, the
funds, and their affiliates and their financing and overall cash flow, acquisition, development and
leverage strategies and investment returns. It is currently unclear what the ultimate effect of the
situation will be on the banking sector, private equity industry, and global financial markets as a
whole.
General Economic and Market Risk
The success of investment activities will be affected by general economic and market conditions,
such as interest rates, availability of credit, credit defaults, inflation rates, economic uncertainty,
changes in laws (including laws relating to taxation of a portfolio's investments), trade barriers,
currency exchange controls, and national and international political circumstances (including
wars, terrorist acts or security operations). These factors may affect the level and volatility of the
prices and the liquidity of a portfolio's investments.
In addition, market disruptions caused by unexpected political, military and terrorist events may
from time to time cause significant losses for a client portfolio and such events can result in
otherwise historically low-risk strategies performing with unprecedented volatility and risk.
Financial exchanges may from time to time suspend or limit trading. Such suspensions could
render it difficult or impossible to liquidate affected positions of client accounts and thereby
expose them to losses. There is also no assurance that off-exchange markets will remain liquid
enough to permit closing out positions for clients.
Financial market disruptions may result in extensive and unprecedented government intervention.
Such intervention may be implemented on an emergency basis, suddenly and substantially
eliminating or restricting the ability of market participants to continue to implement certain
strategies or manage the risk of their outstanding positions. These interventions may at times be
unclear in scope and application, resulting in confusion and uncertainty, which can be materially
detrimental to the efficient functioning of the markets as well as previously successful investment
strategies. ArrowMark's clients may incur significant losses in the event of disrupted markets and
other extraordinary events in which historical pricing relationships become materially distorted.
Other Risk
A large-scale pandemic, the occurrence of terrorism or military and other actions, may result in
loss of life, property damage, and disruptions to commerce and reduced economic activity. Some
of the assets in our investment portfolio may be adversely affected by declines in the equity
markets, changes in interest rates, reduced liquidity and economic activity caused by a large-scale
pandemic. Additionally, a large-scale pandemic or terrorist act could have a material effect on
sales, liquidity and operating results.
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The foregoing list of risk factors does not purport to be an all-encompassing list or explanation of
the risks attendant to our investment program for our clients. Prospective clients and investors in
the mutual fund or the funds are encouraged to seek the advice of independent legal counsel or
investment advisers in evaluating the risks of the investment program. In addition, as our
investment program develops and changes over time, the strategy may be subject to additional and
different risks.
A more comprehensive list of risks with respect to the mutual funds or the funds is included in the
relevant product's offering materials.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
ArrowMark and its employees have not been involved in any legal or disciplinary events that
would be material to a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation of ArrowMark’s business, its
personnel or the integrity of its management.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
ArrowMark is a diversified financial services business and has affiliated investment advisers,
operating entities and general partner entities.
AFFILIATED REGISTERED INVESTMENT ADVISERS
ArrowMark has affiliated registered investment advisers that are either direct or indirect wholly-
owned subsidiaries of ArrowMark. Additional information about these affiliates is available on
the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov/.
• 325 Fillmore LLC
• ArrowMark Asset Management LLC
AFFILIATED OPERATING ENTITIES
ArrowMark has the below affiliated operating companies.
• ArrowMark International, LLC is a U.K. subsidiary and is registered with the FCA.
• ArrowMark Commercial Real Estate Partners, LLC is a real estate structured finance
company.
• ArrowMark Agency Services, LLC is a loan servicing company.
AFFILIATED GENERAL PARTNERS
Additionally, our U.S.-based funds are formed as limited partnerships and as such require a
general partner. Below is a listing of those entities which are affiliated with us, and which serve as
a general partner for the master funds. ArrowMark principals are also principals of these general
partners.
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• ArrowMark Partners GP, LLC serves as general partner for ArrowMark Fundamental
Opportunity Fund, L.P. a Delaware limited partnership.
• ArrowMark Partners GP5, LLC serves as general partner for ArrowMark Income
Opportunity Fund QP, L.P. a Delaware limited partnership.
• ArrowMark Global Fund GP II, LLC serves as general partner for ArrowMark Global
Opportunity Fund II, L.P. a Delaware limited partnership.
• ArrowMark Global Fund GP III, LLC serves as general partner for ArrowMark Global
Opportunity Fund III, L.P. a Delaware limited partnership.
• ArrowMark Specialty Finance MM, LLC serves as the managing member for ArrowMark
Specialty Finance, LLC.
• AMP Life Science GP, LLC serves as the general partner for ArrowMark Life Science
Fund, LP.
• AMP Life Science II GP, LLC serves as the general partner for ArrowMark Life Science
Fund II, LP.
• AMP Life Science Formation Fund GP, LP serves as the general partner for ArrowMark
Life Science Formation Fund, LP.
• ArrowMark CLO Equity Strategic Partners Fund GP, Ltd serves as the general partner for
ArrowMark CLO Equity Strategic Partners Fund, LP.
• ArrowMark CLO Equity Strategic Partners Fund II GP, Ltd serves as the general partner
for ArrowMark CLO Equity Strategic Partners Fund II, LP.
• ArrowMark CRE Structured Finance Fund GP, LLC serves as the general partner for
ArrowMark CRE Structured Finance Fund, LP.
• KRS-ArrowMark Fund I GP, Ltd. serves as the general partner for KRS-ArrowMark Fund
I, LP.
• Ohio-ArrowMark Fund I GP, Ltd. serves as the general partner for Ohio-ArrowMark Fund
I, LP.
• PC-ArrowMark Fund I GP, Ltd. serves as the general partner for PC-ArrowMark Fund I,
LP
• MassPRIM- ArrowMark Fund GP, Ltd. serves as the general partner for MassPRIM-
ArrowMark Fund I, LP
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• ArrowMark Fund I-IA GP, Ltd serves as the general partner for ArrowMark Fund I-IA,
LP.
• Arrowmark Global Fund GP IV, LLC serves as the general partner for ArrowMark Global
Opportunity Fund IV, LP.
• Arrowmark Global Fund GP V, LLC serves as the general partner for ArrowMark Global
Opportunity Fund V, LP.
• Bayou-Bear Credit Fund GP, Ltd. serves as the general partner for Bayou-Bear Credit
Fund, LP.
• PERSLA - ArrowMark Credit Fund GP, Ltd. serves as the general partner for PERSLA -
ArrowMark Credit Fund, LP.
As discussed in Item 6, this relationship and the incentive allocation to which the general partners
are entitled, create an incentive for ArrowMark to make investments that are riskier, more
speculative or more highly levered than would be the case in the absence of performance-based
compensation.
In the course of advising and managing funds, separate accounts and, in some cases, the assets of
our employees, we are confronted by several potential conflicts of interest. These potential
conflicts of interest arise in the course of selecting investments for acquisition and disposition,
allocating resources, allocating our time, allocating expenses, allocating securities, transactions
where investments are sold by one fund or separate account to another fund or separate account,
valuation of fund assets where such valuation will determine our management fee. We have
adopted policies and procedures to address many, if not all, these potential conflicts of interests. A
discussion of ArrowMark's brokerage practices and security allocation is included in Item 12
below.
In certain circumstances, ArrowMark Commercial Real Estate Partners, LLC, a wholly owned
subsidiary of ArrowMark, may be engaged for services including: (i) origination of investment
opportunities, underwriting, and managing the purchase process for investments including,
without limitation, fixed rate commercial real estate first mortgage loans and transitional floating
rate first mortgage loans (“Loans”) or other investment instruments secured by or affiliated with
commercial real estate assets or related businesses; (ii) asset management services including,
without limitation, the servicing of certain Loans; and (iii) other commercial mortgage lending,
brokering, advising and/or asset management opportunities that may be added over time.
ArrowMark Commercial Real Estate Partners, LLC may receive servicing and origination fees
from the funds or separate accounts in respect of such services at rates ArrowMark believes to be
standard in the market. It should be noted that there is limited public data in the marketplace for
such services and many of such service providers are private companies. Accordingly, while
ArrowMark believes on the basis of the data collected that such fees are within the range of fees
charged by unaffiliated service providers, the data collected to compare such fees may be limited.
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The foregoing fees are in addition to and will not offset management fees or performance-based
compensation paid or allocated to ArrowMark.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
ArrowMark has adopted a Code of Ethics that emphasizes a set of high standards of conduct for
all of its principals and employees to observe. The Code of Ethics consists of certain core
principles including, but not limited to: 1) the interests of clients will be placed ahead of the firm’s
or any principal’s or employee’s own investment interests; 2) principals and employees will not
take inappropriate advantage of their positions; 3) principals and employees will provide
professional investment management advice based upon unbiased independent judgment; and 4)
principals and employees will conduct personal trading activities in accordance with established
procedures and in compliance with applicable law.
The Code of Ethics places restrictions on principal and employee personal securities transactions
and requires principals and employees to obtain prior approval for most personal securities
transactions, including IPOS and private placements. The Code of Ethics also requires employees
to report their personal securities transactions and holdings.
It is ArrowMark’s policy not to permit its principals, employees or their immediate family
members to benefit from trading done for ArrowMark’s clients in a manner that would harm
clients. However, principals, employees and their family members may own, purchase, and/or sell
securities that we purchase or sell for client accounts subject to the personal trading requirements
of our Code of Ethics. We believe such a policy creates a commonality of interest between the
clients, on the one hand, and our principals and employees, on the other hand. To the extent an
employee invests in a security that is held by or recommended to a client, a conflict of interest
arises as the reason for making such recommendation to a client could be to benefit the employee
(e.g., by increasing the value of the security) rather than it being in the best interest of the client.
Policies and procedures are in place to ensure that clients’ interests are not disadvantaged by a
trade made by an employee and that an employee does not benefit personally from trades
undertaken for clients. In particular, ArrowMark manages this conflict by pre-approving most
personal securities transactions by employees and reviewing personal securities trading reports as
provided in the Code of Ethics. In addition, we manage, at no charge, accounts of principals,
employees and their families (“Employee-Related Accounts”). For a description of how we
allocate investments among our separate accounts, funds and Employee-Related Accounts, please
refer to “Brokerage Practices - Aggregation and Allocation of Transactions” in Item 12.
Our principals and employees may co-invest with a client in an investment. In addition to the
potential conflicts of interest regarding investments in different parts of an issuer’s capital
structure discussed above, these co-investments present the possibility that we may have an
incentive to make recommendations to, or investments on behalf of, clients that also benefit our
principals and employees. We have adopted policies and procedures regarding the disclosure and
management of such conflicts.
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In addition, our account clients may from time to time invest in the funds, mutual funds or CLOs
managed by us. This creates a potential conflict of interest for us in that we may have an incentive
to recommend the funds as an investment to our clients because we, and our affiliated general
partners, receive management fees and incentive allocations in connection therewith. We manage
this conflict by meeting with each managed account client to help it determine whether an
investment in a fund is appropriate for a portion of its assets that are not directly managed by us
and do not duplicate fees on the same assets.
ArrowMark will provide any client or prospective client a copy of the Code of Ethics upon
request.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
ArrowMark has discretionary authority to select brokers to execute client transactions and
negotiate commission rates with these executing brokers consistent with our best execution
obligations. It is our policy to attempt to obtain the best net price considering both the execution
price and the commission rate paid. Trades are typically executed through either an execution-
only brokerage firm, an electronic trading system, or a full-service brokerage firm. The following
factors are considered when selecting a broker: (1) general execution capability; (2) commission
rate; (3) operational capability to communicate, clear and settle transactions; (4) expertise in a
certain asset class; (5) historical trading experience; (6) integrity of brokerage personnel; and (7)
quality of research services. As a result of any of the above factors, a client may pay a higher
commission than is available from other brokers.
Clients’ transactions are combined when practical to obtain execution efficiencies and overall
lower costs.
Soft Dollar Benefits
ArrowMark pays for some investment research with a portion of the client commissions (i.e., “soft
dollars”) charged on most client transactions. This is accomplished through either a commission
sharing arrangement or trading higher volumes with brokers that provide both execution and
research. These methods are described in more detail below. The receipt of such research may
create an incentive for ArrowMark to select or recommend a broker-dealer based on its interest in
such services. However, ArrowMark limits such arrangements to research and brokerage services
within the safe harbor established by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.
Our commission sharing agreements are with brokers providing execution services whereby a
certain percentage of the commission dollars is accrued and used to pay for certain research
services, non-proprietary brokerage research, and expert consulting provided by approved
vendors/broker-dealers. This provides us with a better understanding of execution costs vs.
investment research costs.
We also have soft dollar arrangements with brokerage firms to receive their proprietary
investment research or participate in their investment research events. Under this arrangement,
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ArrowMark is expected to direct a minimum amount of brokerage commissions from client
transactions to the brokerage firm, which in turn provides quality research, access to investment
conferences or access to company investor meetings.
We may use client commissions to acquire soft dollar items that we would otherwise be obligated
to provide to, or acquire at our own expense for, the relevant account(s) and for which we
therefore receive a benefit. Nonetheless, we believe that such soft dollar items may provide the
clients with benefits by supplementing the research and services otherwise available to the clients
and will use such soft dollars in good faith.
Brokerage commissions from all clients will generally be used to pay for the research services
furnished by brokers. However, in certain circumstances, the benefits of the research services
provided to each client may not directly align with the client’s commission costs. For example,
ArrowMark may use these research services for the benefit of all of its clients and not just the
client whose transactions paid for the research services. Moreover, it is possible that the client
whose transactions generate brokerage commissions that are used to pay some of ArrowMark’s
research obligations may not benefit in any way from this research. ArrowMark monitors its
discretionary brokerage allocation to assure that those brokerage firms providing us with quality
research and investment information receive sufficient brokerage business each year and typically
allocates more brokerage to those firms that provide better research than other firms. We may
have an incentive to select certain brokers based on the soft dollar items provided by such brokers
rather than the client’s interests in receiving the most favorable execution. There is a potential
conflict of interest in these soft dollar arrangements because ArrowMark may have an incentive to
trade clients' accounts in order to pay for research services even if the specific client may not
benefit from such research.
Aggregation and Allocation of Transactions
Although each client’s account is individually managed, we will often purchase and/or sell the
same securities for many clients. When possible, we aggregate the same transactions in the same
securities for many clients having the same or similar investment objectives and guidelines.
Clients in an aggregated transaction each receive the same price per share or unit, and will pay the
same commission rate.
If we place more than one order to fill all orders in an aggregated transaction, each client in the
aggregated transaction receives the average price paid in all orders placed for clients in the same
aggregate transaction in the same security on that day and pays its pro rata share of transaction
costs. If we are unable to fill an aggregated transaction completely, but receive a partial fill of an
aggregated transaction, we allocate the partially filled transaction pro-ratably based on the full
order. Certain clients may not be included in certain aggregated transactions because of cash
availability or if ArrowMark determines that such investment is not consistent with such client’s
investment objectives and guidelines. ArrowMark receives no additional compensation for such
aggregation.
While conflicts may arise in the allocation of investment opportunities among clients,
ArrowMark’s overall objective is to allocate securities in a fair and equitable manner, depending
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on the particular facts and circumstances and the needs and financial objectives of its various
clients, such that allocations are not based upon account performance, applicable fee structures or
the appearance of otherwise preferential treatment, and tradable position sizes are retained in each
portfolio. Furthermore, ArrowMark manages each client account in a personalized manner and
considers multiple factors in making allocation decisions including: risk profile, asset exposure,
cash availability, current and future liquidity needs, investment objectives and guidelines, current
issuer or industry exposure, prior allocations, tax lot matching, option pairing, existing and
anticipated market conditions as well as other factors deemed by ArrowMark to be appropriate in
making investment allocation decisions. Allocation decisions are typically made at the moment an
order is placed for a security, unless other considerations, consistent with the policies described
here, require a later allocation. ArrowMark also may deploy specific index hedging techniques
utilizing ETFs for general market exposure and/or specific sector exposure. ArrowMark will seek
to allocate investment opportunities believed appropriate for one or more of its clients fairly and
equitably over time and consistent with the best interests of all clients involved; however, there
can be no assurance that a particular investment opportunity will be allocated in any particular
manner.
In the course of providing advisory services, we may simultaneously recommend the sale of a
particular security for one account and the purchase of the same security for another account if
such recommendations are consistent with each client’s investment objectives and guidelines.
Therefore, opportunities may arise for us to effect “cross” transactions between client accounts.
Consistent with its fiduciary obligations to each client, applicable law, and the requirements of
best execution, we may, under such circumstances, arrange to have the purchase and sale
transaction effected directly between our clients (“cross transactions”). A cross transaction would
be effected on the basis of the current market price of the security or at a price reasonably
determined to reflect the fair value of the security. We do not receive compensation (other than
our advisory fee), directly or indirectly, for effecting a cross transaction between clients, and
accordingly will not be deemed to have acted as a “broker” within the meaning of Section 206(3)
of the Advisers Act with respect to the transaction. Since, in such transactions, we represent both
client-seller and client-buyer, we may have a conflict of interest.
ArrowMark may, from time to time, participate in an initial public offering (“IPO”) through an
underwriter. ArrowMark may only be allocated a small portion of the total IPO offering. It is
ArrowMark’s policy to allocate IPOs only to those accounts that ArrowMark considers suitable
for such transactions and in accordance with our allocation policies described above and
applicable FINRA rules.
Client Referrals
ArrowMark does not compensate any custodian or broker/dealer for referring client accounts nor
does it consider, in selecting or recommending broker-dealers, whether ArrowMark or a related
person receives client referrals from such broker\dealer.
Item 13: Review of Accounts
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Clients’ investments and portfolios are reviewed by the investment team on an on-going basis and
are reviewed as a matter of practice rather than pursuant to any triggering event. The investment
team, consisting of our principal portfolio managers (serving as our investment committee) and
research analysts, is responsible for such review. Our investment committee also reviews
fundamental investment strategies and monitors overall risk. Reviews of client accounts will also
be conducted if a client changes his or her investment objectives, or if the market, political, or
economic environment changes materially.
Clients (and investors in the funds) receive account statements directly from their custodian on at
least a quarterly basis. We may supplement these custodial statements with reports provided
during client meetings or as requested. Investors in the funds also receive annual audited financial
statements.
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Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
ArrowMark has enter into arrangements with placement agents to solicit investors in certain funds
and such arrangements compensate such placement agents for their services at ArrowMark’s
expense. A prospective investor of a fund solicited by a placement agent will be advised, and
asked to acknowledge in writing its understanding, of any such arrangement.
We do not pay referral fees in connection with referrals of a separate account or client to
ArrowMark.
Other than soft dollar benefits mentioned in Item 12 above, we do not receive any other economic
benefits from non-clients for providing investment advice or other advisory services.
Item 15: Custody
Clients’ funds and securities are generally held in custody by unaffiliated broker/dealers or banks.
Clients’ private securities and real estate interests are maintained by ArrowMark in accordance
with SEC guidance on custody of privately offered securities. With respect to certain assets, we do
possess a level of authority and/or legal capacity and for this reason ArrowMark is considered to
have custody of such assets. Such capacity comes from our ability to debit advisory fees from the
client's account, our standing letters of authorization for certain clients, our general power of
attorney for certain clients, the legal capacity of our affiliated general partners for the funds, and
the positions of our principals as directors of the offshore funds. Account custodians send
statements directly to the account owners monthly and fund investors are provided with monthly
statements from the independent fund administrator. Private fund investors are also provided with
audited financial statements within 120 days of such fund’s fiscal year-end (December 31).
Clients and fund investors should carefully review statements from the custodians and
administrators and should compare these statements to any information provided by ArrowMark.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
ArrowMark has investment discretion over all clients’ accounts with the exception of two model
portfolios which are non-discretionary. Account clients grant us trading discretion through the
execution of a limited power of attorney included in ArrowMark’s investment management
agreement.
ArrowMark has discretionary investment authority, but will work within separate account client
investment policy and asset allocation guidelines when it determines such management is feasible.
Separate account clients can place reasonable restrictions on our investment discretion. For
example, some separate account clients have asked us not to buy securities issued by companies in
certain industries, or not to sell certain securities where the client has a particularly low tax basis.
Separate account clients who place restrictions, including restrictions as to types of securities,
concentrations, cash balances, and broker selection should recognize that the performance of their
accounts may not be representative of the performance of accounts managed with no restrictions.
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With respect to the funds and CLOs, our discretion is limited only by the investment restrictions
set forth in each fund’s documents and those set forth by the general partners of the funds or the
directors of the funds (as applicable). The mutual funds are managed in accordance with
applicable regulatory requirements and the respective prospectus and Statement of Additional
Information.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
We recognize our responsibility to vote proxies in respect of securities owned by a client in the
best interests of our clients and without regard to the interests of ArrowMark. To that end,
ArrowMark has subscribed to an independent proxy voting service to provide enhanced ballot
analysis, timely voting, record archiving and comprehensive reporting capabilities. ArrowMark
subscribes to Glass Lewis & Co. domestic and international voting policies which apply to all
securities held by clients in which we direct voting authority.
Although each proxy issue will be considered individually, ArrowMark will generally use Glass
Lewis’ guidelines when voting proxies. Such guidelines are regularly reviewed by our investment
and compliance staff. We may elect not to vote with Glass Lewis’ guidelines if the investment or
compliance staff believes the recommendation is not in the best interests of our clients. Absent
specific client instructions, if we identify a material conflict of interest we’ll address the conflict
by voting with Glass Lewis’ standard guidelines.
ArrowMark’s authority to vote proxies or act with respect to other corporate actions is established
through the delegation of discretionary authority under its investment advisory agreements.
Therefore, unless a separate account client specifically reserves the right, in writing, to vote its
own proxies or to take shareholder action with respect to other corporate actions requiring
shareholder actions, we will vote all proxies and act on all other actions in a timely manner as part
of our full discretionary authority over clients in accordance with established policies and
procedures.
A copy of our proxy voting policies and procedures, as well as specific information about how we
have voted proxies, is available upon written request. Upon written request, separate account
clients can also take responsibility for voting their own proxies, or can give ArrowMark
instructions about how to vote their respective shares.
Item 18: Financial Information
ArrowMark has never filed for bankruptcy and is not aware of any financial condition that is
reasonably likely to impair its ability to meet contractual commitments to clients.
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